Peripapillary capillary network in dominant optic atrophy linked to OPA1 gene.

Peripapillary capillary network using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was analysed in two siblings suffering from dominant optic atrophy linked to OPA-1 gene mutation. Peripapillary capillary network has been scarcely described in this type of optic atrophy.

Antireconverin antibodies in ocular chronic graft versus host disease: A new cause of nonparaneoplasic autoimmune retinopathy.

INTRODUCTION: A case of a 48-year-old male with a nonparaneoplasic autoinmune retinopathy (nPAIR) due to chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) after an allogenic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is described. CASE REPORT: The patient developed a bilateral rapidly progressive loss of visual acuity with bilateral optic disc edema and bilateral cystoid macular edema (CME) in the funduscopy, a ring scotoma in the visual field (VF) and photoreceptors dysfunction in the electroretinogram (ERG) 210 days after the ASCT. After ruling out other causes, the suspicion of autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) led to the study of antirecoverin antibodies which resulted positive. The exclusion of neoplasia discarded diagnosis of paraneoplasic autoinmune retinopathy (PAIR) and the temporal relationship with BMT led to the diagnosis of nonparaneoplasic autoinmune retinopathy (nPAIR) due to chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD). Oral corticosteroids led to resolution of the CME. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of AIR requires a high index of suspicion based on the typical findings on visual field, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ERG, which force requesting antirecoverin antibodies. However, diagnosis is often delayed because of the need to exclude other causes. Knowing typical symptoms and signs in for a quick action is important because an earlier diagnosis and treatment will improve visual prognosis since the loss of vision already established is irrecoverable. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature of nPAIR with CME and optic disc edema due to GVHS after ASCT.

Posterior scleral perforation due to endogenous endophthalmitis in a pregnant with selective IgA deficiency.

We present the case of a 35-year-old female patient, pregnant in her third trimester, with no ophthalmologic history of interest and a medical history of IgA deficiency syndrome with bronchiectasis as the only symptomatology, who came to another center with clinical symptoms of ocular discomfort. She was initially diagnosed with anterior uveitis and treated with topical and periocular corticosteroids. Edema and palpebral erythema appeared a few days later and she was diagnosed with idiopathic orbital inflammation and was treated with intravenous (I.V.) corticosteroids, which led to the appearance of a purulent palpebral and subconjunctival collection with a diagnosis of orbital cellulitis. At this time, she came to our center, where ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed intraocular and scleral destructuring with scleral perforation. The subconjunctival abscess was drained, being positive for pseudomonas aeruginosa, and sputum culture was positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, so she was diagnosed with endogenous endophthalmitis due to transient Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in the context of IgA deficiency syndrome and treated with antibiotherapy. Despite the improvement of the infectious clinic, the persistence of positive cultures for pseudomonas aeruginosa and the evolution to phthisis bulbi at 2 months led to definitive treatment with evisceration. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of endogenous endophthalmitis associated with IgA deficiency and the first reported case of endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa during pregnancy.

Does hyaluronidase injected in periocular area change skin ultrastructure?: Standardized in vitro analysis.

BACKGROUND: Treatment with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers as a strategy for rejuvenation has experienced a significant growth in recent years, accompanied by a parallel increase in its complications, the treatment of which, such as hyaluronidase, we must be aware of. PATIENTS/METHODS: 14 patients (28 eyes) had indication for upper blepharoplasty surgery in the Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe. After surgery, periocular skin of one eye of each patient was infiltrated with 300 U of hyaluronidase (14 cases) while the skin of the fellow eye was preserved untreated (14 controls). All samples were studied by the Pathology department, and finally, 6 variables (skin structure alteration, degeneration of elastic fibers, deposits, collagen fibers destructuring, inflammation, and other findings) were analyzed. RESULTS: No differences in skin structure, elastic fibers, and collagen dermal fibers were found between hyaluronidase-treated skin and controls. A significant association between ex vivo application of hyaluronidase in periocular skin and the presence of amorphous extracellular deposits within the dermis was found. CONCLUSIONS: Hyaluronidase applied ex vivo to periocular skin led to presence of deposits within the extracellular matrix compared to control eyelid skin but elastin and collagen dermis structure remained unaltered.

Bilateral exudative retinal detachment in undiagnosed ocular syphilis after treatment with corticosteroids.

A case of a young Caucasian male who presented bilateral papilledema is described. He was misdiagnosed with bilateral anterior optic neuritis, developing panuveitis and exudative bilateral retinal detachment after being treated with megadoses of corticosteroids. He was finally diagnosed with ocular syphilis and treated with intravenous aqueous crystalline penicillin for 14 days, with complete resolution of his symptoms.

Fundus changes after cardiac surgery.

A Caucasian male with known severe aortic stenosis was referred to our Ophthalmology Department after undergoing cardiac surgery using extracorporeal circulation. Signs of retinal ischaemia were found during fundus examination and neuroimaging showed posterior cerebral artery occlusion.

Use of Vivostat PRF® in Acanthamoeba keratitis.

We present a case of a 27-year-old contact lens male user who was diagnosed with Acanthamoeba keratitis. Given the inefficiency of medical treatment and high risk of corneal perforation, we decided to use Vivostat PRF®, with satisfactory results. To our knowledge, this is the first described case in medical literature in which Vivostat PRF® is used as part of Acanthamoeba keratitis treatment.

Cyclosporine 0.1% (Ikervis®) as a corticoid-sparing agent in Lyell syndrome with KeraKlear® keratoprosthesis.

Cyclosporine 0.1% was used in a patient with Lyell syndrome, which had undergone a KeraKlear® keratoprosthesis implant due to the severe ocular involvement to avoid overuse of corticoid agents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of cyclosporine 0.1% eye drops to use in Lyell syndrome previously treated with keratoprosthesis implant.

IgG4-related dacryocystitis and aortitis: A new association.

A 73-year-old woman with a history of muscular weakness and dyspnoea of unknown etiology was referred to our Ophthalmology Department for dacryocystitis. Lacrimal sac biopsy revealed IgG4 plasma cell infiltration and systemic diagnosis was done based on this, allowing an appropriate treatment to be established. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of IgG4-related dacryocystitis associated to aortitis.