The Relationship Between Electronic Gaming and Health, Social Relationships, and Physical Activity Among Males in Saudi Arabia.

Physical and psychological effects of playing computer games cannot be ignored. Electronic games are considered to be an influential factor in growth, personality development, and positive sociability of children, and game duration has been associated with increased aggression, reduced mental health, and higher BMI. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between electronic gaming and health, social relationships, and physical activity among males aged 16-18 years in Saudi Arabia. An online survey designed by the authors containing 60 items and divided into 5 sections was used during one school semester. The sample was selected randomly from 30 high schools; 90 students were selected from each school, with 30 chosen from each of grades 9, 10, and 11. Respondents were 194 male students, aged 17.23 ± 1.52 years. The questionnaire was presented to six experts to assess validity, with Cronbach's α established at 0.87. Results showed that playing electronic games had a negative relation with health, social relationships, and physical activity among males. The most negative significant was the correlation between electronic games and physical activity (r = -.49), followed by that with social relationships (r = -.42) and BMI (r = -.31) . The lowest result was for health (r = .20). More empirical investigations are needed to explore deeper effects of electronic gaming on various groups in Saudi society, including the general population, employees, and different categories of school and university students.

Fibrin Sealant and Lipoabdominoplasty in Obese Grade 1 and 2 Patients

BACKGROUND: Ever since lipoabdominoplasty was first developed to achieve better aesthetic outcomes and less morbidity, the rate of seroma formation, especially in obese patients, has disturbed plastic surgeons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fibrin sealant in the prevention of seroma formation after lipoabdominoplasty in obese patients. METHODS: Sixty patients with a body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 39.9 were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 groups (30 patients each). Group A underwent lipoabdominoplasty with fibrin glue, while group B underwent traditional lipoabdominoplasty; both had closed suction drainage applied to the abdomen. The patients' demographics and postoperative complications were recorded. Seroma was detected using abdominal ultrasound examinations at two postoperative periods: between postoperative days 10 and 12 and, between postoperative days 18 and 21. RESULTS: The age range was 31 to 55 years (38.5+/-9.5 years) in group A and 25 to 58 years (37.8+/-9.1 years) in group B, while the mean BMI was 31.4 to 39.9 kg/m2 (32.6 kg/m2) in group A and 32.7 to 37.4 kg/m2 (31.5 kg/m2) in group B. In group A, the patients had a complication rate of 10% in group A versus 43% in group B (P<0.05). The incidence of seroma formation was 3% in the fibrin glue group but 37% in the lipoabdominoplasty-alone group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Lipoabdominoplasty with the use of autologous fibrin sealant is a very effective method that significantly reduces the rate of postoperative seroma.