Mesenchymal hamartoma and undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma: diagnostic keys that radiologists need to know. / Hamartoma mesenquimatoso y sarcoma embrionario indiferenciado: claves diagnósticas que el radiólogo debe conocer.

OBJECTIVE: Hepatic tumors are uncommon in pediatric patients. Among the most common of these uncommon tumors are mesenchymal hamartoma and undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma, which have different origins but similar appearance on imaging studies. This paper reviews the characteristic findings and differential diagnosis of these entities. Ultrasonography is the first-line imaging test to study these tumors. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are useful for further characterizing the tumors and planning surgery. CONCLUSION: Radiologists need to be familiar with the imaging findings of the different disease entities and to evaluate them together with the patient's age, personal history, and bloodwork.

Peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante: hallazgos en imágenes de una entidad poco frecuente / Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis: imaging findings in an uncommon entity

OBJETIVOS: Describir los hallazgos radiológicos más característicos de la peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante en los diferentes métodos de imagen, con énfasis en la tomografía computarizada. CONCLUSIÓN: La peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante es una enfermedad de baja incidencia, aunque desconocida, su fisiopatología no está clara y se reconocen dos tipos: idiopática y secundaria; esta última generalmente como complicación de la diálisis peritoneal. Su diagnóstico suele ser tardío debido a la presentación clínica inespecífica y a la ausencia de marcadores serológicos. Por este motivo es importante conocer los signos radiológicos, que incluyen engrosamiento y calcificación del peritoneo, dilatación de asas intestinales con engrosamiento y calcificación de sus paredes, ya sea aislados o asociados con ascitis loculada. Si bien la ecografía permite valorar la complejidad de las colecciones, la tomografía computarizada es el método de mayor valor para la delineación general de los signos radiológicos mencionados

OBJECTIVES: To describe the most characteristic imaging findings for sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, with an emphasis on the computed tomography findings. CONCLUSION: The incidence of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is low. The pathophysiology of this condition is unclear. Two types are recognized: idiopathic and secondary; the secondary type is generally a complication of peritoneal dialysis. Its nonspecific clinical presentation and the absence of blood markers mean that sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is usually diagnosed late. Thus, it is important to know the imaging signs; these include thickening and calcification of the peritoneum and dilation of bowel loops with thickening and calcification of bowel walls, whether in isolation or in association with loculated ascites. Although ultrasonography allows the complexity of the collections to be evaluated, computed tomography is the most useful technique for the general assessment of the signs mentioned above

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis: imaging findings in an uncommon entity. / Peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante: hallazgos en imágenes de una entidad poco frecuente.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the most characteristic imaging findings for sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, with an emphasis on the computed tomography findings. CONCLUSION: The incidence of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is low. The pathophysiology of this condition is unclear. Two types are recognized: idiopathic and secondary; the secondary type is generally a complication of peritoneal dialysis. Its nonspecific clinical presentation and the absence of blood markers mean that sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is usually diagnosed late. Thus, it is important to know the imaging signs; these include thickening and calcification of the peritoneum and dilation of bowel loops with thickening and calcification of bowel walls, whether in isolation or in association with loculated ascites. Although ultrasonography allows the complexity of the collections to be evaluated, computed tomography is the most useful technique for the general assessment of the signs mentioned above.