[Creation of registers as one of the mechanisms for improving medical care for patients with chronic heart failure. Problem state].

The annual mortality of patients with clinically pronounced symptoms of chronic heart failure in the Russian Federation reaches 26-29%, i.e., from 880 to 986 thousand patients with heart failure die in the country in one year, which is comparable to the population of a large city. Providing care for patients with heart failure places a heavy burden on the country's health care system, making a significant contribution to mortality rates, hospitalization rates, including readmissions, which in turn requires considerable costs. The article presents an overview of registry studies that are devoted to assessing the effectiveness of diagnostics, the completeness of examinations, as well as the adequacy of ongoing drug treatment.

[High mental functions in healthy individuals and in cerebrovascular diseases]. / Vysshie psikhicheskie funktsii v norme i pri tserebrovasculiarnykh zabolevanii.

A knowledge of time parameters of the high mental functions of the brain under normal and pathological conditions may serve as a key to understanding of their intimate mechanisms. During the first stage of the study a set of different tests including "word association", "paired words learning" was used to compare these indices in patients with atherosclerotic discirculatory encephalopathy and in normal individuals. The dynamics and volume of the short-term memory and processes of attention were evaluated. An increase of the response latencies in the paired words' tests and a decrease of both volume of short-term memory and the processes of attention were identified. Application of the tests with semantically similar or unlike words was informative.

[A component analysis of far-field somatosensory evoked potentials in cats with temporary spinal cord compression]. / Komponentnyi analiz dal'nepol'nykh somatosensornykh vyzvannykh potentsialov u koshek pri vremennoi kompressii spinnogo mozga.

Temporary compression of spinal cord was modelled in anesthetized cats. The degree of spinal disfunction was estimated by component analysis of far-field somatosensory EPs which were recorded along vertebral column and scalp. Even a weak and short-term compression of spinal cord's dorsal columns changed biopotentials' latencies, amplitudes and interpeak intervals. Usefulness of correlative analysis of interpeak intervals as an additional way of differential evaluation of spinal pathways conductivity, was shown.

[Effect of stimulation of the thalamic reticular nucleus on the neuronal activity of the associative and nonspecific structures of the thalamus]. / Vliianie razdrazheniia retikuliarnogo iadra talamusa na aktivnost' neironov assotsiativnoi i nespetsificheskoi struktur talamusa.

Neuronal responses in center median, medial dorsal and posterior lateral nuclei to the stimulations of n. reticularis were studied in restrained cats. 53.7, 48.3 and 10%, resp., of the units were affected. Phasing character of "silent" neurons' EPs as well as the responses with primary or secondary inhibitory periods of spontaneously firing units, were demonstrated. A wide variety of the response latencies was revealed in the n. CM (5-33.6 msec; mean: 14.83 +/- 1.7 msec) and the n. DM (3.5-44.8 msec; mean: 18.03 +/- 2.5 msec) neurons. A significant convergence of the n. reticularis and somatovisceral inputs in the neurons of the same nuclei (52.83% and 53.5%, resp.) as well as inhibitory type of interaction between these inputs, were revealed.

[Participation of the nucleus epibasalis centralis in regulating the function of the skin-feather complex of poultry]. / Uchastie n. epibasalis centralis v reguliatsii funkstional'nogo sostoianiia kozhno-per'evogo kompleksa ptits.

In acute experiments on anesthetized mature chickens, the bioelectrical activity of epibasal neurons was influenced upon both by means of intradermal histamine injections and direct histamine application to the medial region of n. epibasalis centralis, as well as by uni- and bilateral lesion of this structure. The processes under study were evaluated with respect to the parameters of focal potentials and neuronal reactions induced in n. epibasalis centralis as well as by the measurement of the feather adhesive force, the latter being a correlate for the skin analyzer sensibility. It is shown that the feather adhesive force increases with growing activity of the central neurons and decreases in case of their activity suppression or lesion of the nucleus.

[Reactions of neurons of the posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus to stimulation of the peripheral nerves]. / Reaktsii neironov zadnelateral'nogo iadra talamusa na razdrazhenie perifericheskikh nervov.

Neuronal responses of the thalamic lateral posterior nucleus to single electrical shocks applied to radial, sciatic and splanchnic nerves, were studied in anesthetized immobilized cats. Different degrees of responsiveness (69, 63 and 51 per cent) and latencies (9-120, 12-130 and 16-130 ms) were revealed.

[Convergence and interaction of somatic and visceral inputs in the neurons of the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus]. / Konvergentsiia i vzaimodeistvie somaticheskoi i vistseral'noi impul'satsii na neironakh ventral'nogo zadnelateral'nogo iadra talamusa.

Unit activity and field potentials recorded in the cat thalamic VPL nucleus in the radial and splanchnic nerves stimulations, revealed a distinct preference in localization of responses in the mediocentral and centrolateral areas of the nucleus, as well as similarities and differences in the patterns of responses to different types of stimulation. The convergence (particularly during long-latency responses) mostly occurred in the central areas. Inhibitory character of interactions between somato-visceral stimulations was more obvious during conditioned stimulation of the radial nerve.

[Effects of electric stimulation of the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum on neuronal activity of the centrum medianum of the optic thalamus]. / Effekty élektricheskogo razdrazheniia zubchatogo iadra mozzhechka na aktivnost' neironov iadra sredinnogo tsentra zritel'nogo bugra.

Electrical stimulation of the cerebellar dentate nucleus elicits in neurons of the center median responses with either constant or altering latencies. The constant latencies ranged from 2-3 to 8-12 msec. Responses with altering latencies were more numerous and had the latencies up to 20 msec. In both responses with early and late components were recorded as well. Dentate stimulations induced "periods of inhibition" in CM neurons with leading duration of 50-100 msec. Synchronization of the SM unit activity during low-frequency stimulation was also revealed, in many cases it was preceded by the "periods of inhibition". Activity of 49% of reactive neurons during 1, 7-12, and 70-100/sec stimulations was facilitated, 31% depressed, and 20% had a mixed type of responses: facilitation on one frequency and depression on another. Immediate cessation of the effects after termination of stimulations was observed in 34% of neurons, while tonic influences were manifest in 66%.

[Responses of sensomotor cortex neurons of rats to stimulation of the midbrain reticular formation]. / Reaktsii neironov sensomotornoi kory bol'shikh polusharii krys na razdrazhenie retikuliarnoi formatsii srednego mozga.

High frequency stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation produces significant inhibition of neuronal activity in the sensorimotor cortex, the effect being equally observed in both hemispheres. In case of low frequency stimulation, marked difference was observed between the reaction of ipsi- and contralateral neurons. Under these conditions, contralateral neurons produce mainly facilitation responses. In both hemispheres evident predominance of tonic effects was observed which revealed itself in the continuation of the reaction in the poststimulation period. Single shocks applied to the midbrain reticular formation elicited in the cortex the evoked potentials of two types: one with a constant and the other with varying latent periods. The former exhibited a latency of 4-18 msec. Responses with varying latencies were predominant. In general, latent periods were longer in contralateral hemisphere.