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1.
Sciences de la santé ; 5(1): 67-71, 2017. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1271924

RESUMO

Justification : Depuis l'éradication du virus de la variole, on note une émergence des autres Orthopoxvirus surtout le Monkeypoxvirus en Afrique centrale. A ce jour aucun cas d'infection humaine à Orthopoxvirus n'a été notifié en Côte d'Ivoire. Cependant, l'activité humaine en milieu rural, la présence des réservoirs potentiels et le climat sont des facteurs favorables à la circulation de ce groupe de virus. Objectif : Mettre en évidence la circulation des Orthopoxvirus en Côte d'Ivoire en situation post éradication de la variole dans la population non vaccinée contre cette maladie. Matériel et méthode : 385 sérums de sujets non vaccinés contre la variole, choisis parmi 1353 sérums collectés lors d'une surveillance nationale de la fièvre jaune, ont été analysés. La méthode ELISA a été utilisée pour rechercher les IgG anti Orthopoxvirus. Résultats : l'âge moyen des patients était de 11 ans et le sex-ratio était de 1,97. Les IgG anti-Orthopoxvirus ont été détectées dans 4,95% des sérums ; seuls 0,78% de ces sérums avaient un titre ≥ 400. La majorité des sérums contenant ces IgG (84,16%) provenaient d'individus habitant la moitié sud de la Côte d'Ivoire. Conclusion : le niveau d'exposition aux Orhopoxvirus reste faible chez les sujets non vaccinés contre la variole. Cependant, vu le nombre croissant de sujets susceptibles à ces virus, il est nécessaire de mettre en place des sites sentinelles de surveillance, particulièrement du Monkeypoxvirus


Assuntos
África Ocidental , Côte d'Ivoire , Erradicação de Doenças , Monkeypox virus , Orthopoxvirus
2.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 100(4): 243-5, 2007 Oct.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17982851

RESUMO

Viral gastroenteritis are a problem of public health because of the high rate of morbidity and mortality, particularly in children. Among the etiologic agents, human Astroviruses are the third agents most often incriminated after Rotaviruses and Caliciviruses. Symptoms of gastroenteritis caused by Astroviruses are generally moderated compared with those observed with Rotaviruses and rarely involve hospitalization. In sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Côte d'Ivoire, the majority of viral gastroenteritis is attributed to Rotavirus with rates varying from 20 to 26%. No study on the circulation of human Astroviruses has been carried out in Côte d'Ivoire. Our objective was to detect human Astroviruses in the diarrhoeal stools in Abidjan. Seventy-two samples of human diarrhoeal stools were collected in ambulatory patients. This population was made up of 44 patients from 0 to 15 and 28 patients over 15 years old. The concentration of the viral particles of the samples was followed by the extraction of the RNA by the modified method of Boom. The extracted RNA were amplified by RT-PCR by using specific primers targeting a portion of the 3' end of the open reading frame ORF la of the genome of human Astroviruses. The amplified fragment was 192 pb. The genome of human Astroviruses was detected in 3 stools out of the 72 samples. That is a frequency of 4%. Among these 3 stools, 2 came from 4 month and 3 year-old children and the 3rd stool came from a 33 year-old patient. For the first time this survey has pointed out the circulation of human Astroviruses in the Côte d'Ivoire population. This survey also showed that human Astroviruses could be found in children as well as in adults.


Assuntos
Fezes/virologia , Mamastrovirus/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Adolescente , Adulto , Infecções por Astroviridae/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Côte d'Ivoire , Diarreia/virologia , Diarreia Infantil/virologia , Feminino , Gastroenterite/virologia , Genoma Viral/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mamastrovirus/genética , Fases de Leitura Aberta/genética , RNA Viral/análise
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