[The application of the lyophilized xenodermoimplants for the plastic correction of the external auditory canal and nasal septum perforation].

The objective of the present work was to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of atresia of the external auditory canal (EAC). Atresia of external acoustic meatus is a result of a mechanical or thermal injury but can also develop after a surgical intervention for the removal of foreign bodies, benign and malignant tumours. This condition is frequently associated with the narrowing and obliteration of EAC leading to the marked impairment of hearing despite preservation of the middle ear structures. Plastic correction of the external auditory canal for the purpose of its broadening does not always produce the desired result. To improve the efficiency of such intervention, we made use of the lyophilized xenodermoimplants based on porcine skin. Such preparation were applied in 19 patients; patency of the external auditory canal was restored in 16 cases.

[Etiology and pathogenesis of glomus tumours (chemodectomas) of the base of the skull].

The objective of the present work was to describe the poorly known history of the development of the nomenclature of glomus tumours (chemodectomas) of the base of the skull, elucidate etiology and pathogenesis of these neoplasms. The authors present a chronological table illustrating the progress of etiological and pathogenetic studies as well as the surgical treatment of the tumours. The results of analysis and discussion of the controversial issues of the nomenclature are reported.

[Application of a hemostatic glue for the prevention of intra- and postoperative complications of septoplasty].

The authors describe the application of a hemostatic glue between the mucoperichondrial layers for the prevention of development of nasal septum hematoma and other possible complications of septoplasty. Analysis of the efficiency of the treatment of 30 patients by septoplasty with intraoperative application of the hemostatic glue has demonstrated the possibility of its use during surgery on the nasal septum.

[A new outlook on adenoid hypertrophy: adenoids or adenoid disease?]. / Novyi vzgliad na gipertrofiiu glotochnoi mindaliny: adenoidy ili adenoidnaia bolezn?

Hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil affects functions of some organs and systems producing negative effects on physical and mental development of the child. The existing classification based of the tonsil size does not reflect the complexity of the pathological process. "Adenoid disease" is thought to be a more adequate term. A new classification of adenoid disease is proposed. Indications for conservative and surgical treatments can be well formulated with the new classification. The authors prefer adenotomy as, in their opinion, adenectomy is not safe for health.

[Sub-atrophic and atrophic pharyngitis as a manifestation of dystrophic pharyngeal mucosa in presenile, senile and long living persons]. / Subatroficheskii i atroficheskii faringit kak proiavlenie distrofii slizistoi obolochki glotki u lits pozhilogo, starcheskogo vozrasta i u dolgozhitelei.

The authors consider diagnostic, clinical and symptom characteristics of atrophic pharyngitis (AP) in presenile, senile and long-living persons and conclude that AP is age-specific dystrophic lesion of the pharynx. Diagnosis formulation by three degrees are suggested: pharyngeal dystrophy (PD) of degree I (only local symptoms cured after timely treatment), PD of degree II (local symptoms + neurotic condition which manifests with cancerophobia, persistent sensation of a foreign body), PD of degree III (persistent cancerophobia demanding psychotherapeutic treatment or psychiatric care).

[Current problems of temporary expert evaluation of disability due to ENT diseases]. / Aktual'nye voprosy ékspertizy vremennoi netrudosposobnosti pri zabolevanii LOR-organov.

The paper is concerned with problems of expert evaluation of disability due to ENT diseases including temporary disability, differentiation of temporary and persistent disability, indications for expert examination. Recommendations for experts making the decisions on temporary ENT disability are given. Medical and social factors of ENT disability, especially occupational risks, are analysed.

[Nose bleed and current methods of their management]. / Nosovye krovotecheniia i sovremennye metody ikh ostanovki.

The authors analyze statistical data on nasal haemorrhages in 50 patients regarding haemorrhage etiology and hospital stay. Treatment results are available for patients with recurrent nasal haemorrhages and essential hypertension. The patients have undergone submucosal resection of the nasal septum. The technique of this operation with reimplantation of the autoligament and autobone is detailed. The procedure proved highly effective in management of recurrent nasal haemorrhages.

[Transitional laryngeal papilloma: clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment]. / Perekhodnaia papilloma gortani (osobennosti kliniki, diagnostika, lechenie).

Basing on the results of long-term observational study of 200 patients with laryngeal papillomatosis the authors made a conclusion on cycle pattern of the disease course. Each cycle consists of two periods: active (rapid growth of the tumor) and passive (slow growth of the tumor, recurrences are rare, 1-3 years of remission). A case of a male patient is reported illustrating cycle course of transitional laryngeal papilloma. In the beginning of the third cycle, in active period, his papilloma underwent malignant transformation. Cryotherapy of papilloma is thought ineffective.