[Effect of blood pressure on the plasma renin-angiotensin system].

The relationship of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) to the peripheral blood renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been examined. BP has found to be inversely related to the concentration and activity of plasma RAS components. It has been shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) affects BP more greatly than do other plasma RAS components. It is suggests that RAS activation or depression is an adjustment to BP elevation or lowering. Altered BP triggers the biochemical mechanisms responsible for regulating vascular tone, cardiac output, and water-salt balance. All RAS components under study show a weak association with BP in some patients. It is concluded that the laboratory plasma RAS test is of low informative value in diagnosing hypertension and hypotension in clinical practice.

[Effects of hyper- and dyslipidemias on activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (biochemical disturbances in metabolic syndrome)].

AIM: To study influence of lipoprotein complexes on activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Material and methods. Lipoproteins fraction was isolated from the serum of 53 healthy males and females and was studied for lipoproteins action on ACE in vitro. In addition, the examination covered 783 individuals. The data were analysed mathematically for relationships between ACE activity and parameters of lipid metabolism. RESULTS: It was found that blood serum lipoproteins inhibit activity of soluble ACE. Serum ACE activity depends on concentration of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides. Maximal activity of ACE is observed in TC 9.41 mM/l and TG concentration 3.05 mM/l. Albumin-related free fatty acids affect ACE activity neither in aqueous solution nor in the presence of lipoprotein complexes. CONCLUSION: . Development of most common atherogenic hyperlipidemias raises 2-fold plasma ACE activity. Elevated ACE activity may be an integral component of biochemical disturbances in metabolic syndrome.

[Lipoproteins of blood serum and the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme]. / Vliianie lipoproteinov syvorotki krovi na aktivnost' angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta.

We studied the influence of native lipoproteins on the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Lipoproteins of blood serum were inhibiting the activity of soluble ACE. The ACE activity in blood serum was found to depend on a concentration of total cholesterol and of triglycerides. The maximal ACE activity was observed at a concentration of total cholesterol of 9.41 mM/l and at a concentration of triglycerides of 3.05 mM/l. The albumin-linked non-etherified fatty acids affected the ACE activity neither in water solutions nor in presence of lipoprotein complexes. According to the study, the progression of most frequent atherogenic hyperlipidemia results in a 2-fold increase of the ACE activity. It is suggested that an intensified ACE activity in blood plasma can be regarded as an integral component of biochemical disorders in metabolic syndrome.

[Change in activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme in pneumonia and chronic obstructive lung diseases]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta pri pnevmonii i khronicheskikh obstruktivnykh bolezniakh legkikh.

AIM: To study the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in patients with pneumonia and chronic obstructive lung diseases (COLD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty nine patients with pneumonia and 77 with COLD were examined. The activity of ACE in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and the effects of leukocytic elastase and concentrations of zinc, endogenous inhibitors, and activators were studied. RESULTS: The patients with pneumonia in the acute phase of the disease have been found to have low ACE activity in both blood and BAL. As the inflammatory process comes to an end, ACE activity normalizes. In the patients with COLD, the activity of ACE is primarily decreased at remission. When COLD aggravates, the activity of ACE in blood and BAL increases. In pneumonia and COLD, the changes in ACE activity are more profound in BAL than in blood. CONCLUSION: The only cause of the altered activity of ACE in patients with COLD and pneumonia is a change in the concentration of the enzyme.

[Changes in angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in pneumonia and chronic obstructive lung diseases]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta pri pnevmonii i khronicheskikh obstruktivnykh bolezniakh legkikh.

The activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was analysed in blood serum and bronchial fluid of 69 patients with acute pneumonia and 77 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). In patients with pneumonia in acute phase ACE activity was lower in both serum and bronchial fluid. During recovery of patients with acute pneumonia ACE activity was normalizated. In patients with COPD ACE activity was lower in remission stage and higher (both serum and bronchial fluid) during COPD exacerbation. The changes of ACE activity were more pronounced in bronchial fluid than serum in both COPD and pneumonia.

[Experience of nutritional support in late period of traumatic disease of wounded patients]. / Opyt korrektsii troficheskoi nedostatochnosti u ranenykh v pozdnem periode travmaticheskoi bolezni.

There are no standards of nutritional support of wounded patients in different periods of disease. Influence of supplementation with Nutrition on dynamic of anthropometric indexes, some biochemical and laboratory parameters in wounded malnourished patients in the last period of disease was examined. The results of investigation indicated that supplementation with Nutrizon increased all tianthropometric indexes, normalized albumin blood level, nitrogen balance, decreased nitrogen of urine.

[The change in the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta u bol'nykh pnevmoniiami i khronicheskimi obstruktivnymi zabolevaniiami legkikh.

The activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in the serum and bronchial contents of 69 patients with pneumonia and 77 with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). ACE activity was decreased both in the blood and bronchial contents during the acute phase of pneumonia. With resolution of the inflammatory process, ACE activity normalized. In patients with COPD, the activity of ACE is decreased during remission in comparison with the mean values in the population. During COPD exacerbation the activity of ACE increases both in the blood and bronchial contents. Changes in ACE activity in pneumonia and COPD are more pronounced in the bronchial contents than in the blood. Presumably alteration of the enzyme concentration is the only cause of alteration of its activity in patients with COPD and pneumonia.

[Determination of the low protein concentration in biological fluids. Methodological aspects (the use of mathematical analysis)]. / Metodicheskie aspekty laboratornogo opredeleniia nizkikh konsentratsii belka v biologicheskikh zhidkostiakh (opyt primeneniia matematicheskogo analiza).

We investigated the effect of albumin/globulin ratio on the analytic error of protein determination. Several methods were used: Bradford, Lowry, pyrogallol-red, biuret, and sulfosalicylic acid. Reagents used in Lowry method exhibit higher affinity to globulins, whereas reagents used in other methods have higher affinity to albumins. Although the biuret method demonstrated equal efficiency in determining concentrations of various proteins low sensitivity of this method limits its clinical applicability. For other methods there was non-linear dependence of the analytic error on protein composition in the sample. Combination of two methods for protein determination (using one calibrator) completely removes the analytic error.

[Methodological aspects of the use of furanacryloyl-phenylalanyl-glycyl-glycine for the photometric detection of angiotensin converting enzyme activity]. / Metodicheskie aspekty ispol'zovaniia furilakriloilfenilalanilglitsilglitsina dlia fotometricheskogo opredeleniia aktivnosti angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta.

Photometric evaluation of serum activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) making use of synthetic chromogenic substrate N-(3-[2-furyl]acryloyl)-phe-gly-gly (FAPGG) is analyzed. Spectral characteristics of FAPGG are investigated. The Burger-Lambert-Bar dependence is not observed in any of the working concentrations. Extension of the spectral weight band is associated with the appearance of the absorbency/concentration linear function for FAPGG solution. Under such conditions the registered intensity of the analyzer sign (delta OD/min) is in strong correlation with the spectral weight band. As a result, high inter-analyzer variations were observed. This impedes the standardization of the method and prompts the use of attested calibrators. Linear function of analyzer's sign and ACE level is theoretically achieved at FAPGG concentration 1.0 +/- 0.2 mM (Km = 0.35 +/- 0.05 mM, minimum saturation concentration 1.4 +/- 0.2 mM). Synthetic ACE inhibitors are recommended to rule out the interference.

[Methodical aspects of using furylacryloylphenylalanylglycineglycine for photometric determination of the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme]. / Metodicheskie aspekty ispol'zovaniia furilakriloilfenilalanilglitsilglitina dlia fotometricheskogo opredeleniia aktivnosti angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta.

Different aspects of photometric assay of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) with synthetic cromogenic substrate N-(3-[2-furyl]-acryloyl)-phe-gly-gly (FAPGG) were evaluated. At FAPGG concentration exceeding 0.025 mM the absorbance does not follow Burger-Lambert-Bar dependences. Under three conditions the rate of absorbance of the reaction medium strongly depends on properties of spectral weight band. This explains dramatic interamlyser variations and complicetes standardization of the method. Linear dependence between photometic response and ACE activity. The employment of special inhibitor be recommended for elimination of interference.