Intervención en ancianos con multimorbilidad y polimedicados: resultados en la prescripción y en la calidad de vida / Intervention in elderly patients with multiple morbidities and multiple medications: results of the prescription and the quality of life

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de una intervención a través de los criterios de STOPP/START y el algoritmo de Garfinkel sobre la prescripción y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en ancianos polimedicados con multimorbilidad. Material y método. Estudio de intervención antes-después en 381 pacientes mayores de 67 años polimedicados de 71 médicos de atención primaria. Intervención: se formó a los médicos en los criterios de STOPP/START y en el algoritmo de Garfinkel. Cada médico revisó todos los medicamentos de sus enfermos seleccionados, posteriormente los citó a una primera consulta para realizarles una valoración clínica, modificarles el tratamiento según los criterios y medirles la CVRS mediante el cuestionario Short-Form Health Survey-V2 (SF-12). A los 2 meses, en una segunda consulta, se les realizó una nueva valoración clínica y se midió la CVRS. Las dimensiones de la CVRS entre la primera y la segunda consulta fueron comparadas con la «t» de Student pareada. Resultados. La intervención supuso la retirada de 1,5 fármacos de promedio por enfermo. Se modificó la dosis en el 4% de fármacos; al 8,9% de los pacientes se les prescribió un fármaco nuevo. Los AINE, fármacos psicoactivos e inhibidores de la bomba de protones fueron los más modificados. Mejoraron significativamente (p < 0,05) la función social y el componente sumario físico de la CVRS tras la intervención. Conclusión. La intervención mediante el algoritmo de Garfinkel y los criterios de STOPP/START conllevó una mejora de la CVRS y redujo el número de fármacos prescritos (AU)

Objective. To evaluate the effect of an intervention using STOPP/START criteria and the Garfinkel algorithm on prescription and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in elderly patients with multimorbidity and prescribed multiple medications. Material and method. A before-after intervention study on 381 patients over 67 years old and prescribed multiple medications by 71 Primary Care doctors. Intervention: The doctors were trained in the STOPP / START criteria and Garfinkel algorithm. Each doctor then reviewed all the drugs of their selected patients and then made appointments with them for an initial medical consultation and clinical assessment. Treatment was modified according to the criteria and the HRQoL measured using the SF-12 questionnaire. Two months later, in a second medical consultation, a new clinical assessment was made and the HRQoL was measured. The dimensions of the HRQoL between the first and the second consultation were compared using the paired Student-t test. Results. The intervention involved the removal of a mean of 1.5 drugs per patient. The dose was modified in 4% of drugs, and 8.9% of patients were prescribed a new drug. Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), psychoactive drugs and proton pump inhibitors were the most modified. Social Function and Physical Component Summary of the HRQOL improved significantly (P < .05) after intervention. Conclusion. The intervention using the Garfinkel algorithm and STOPP -START criteria improved HRQoL and reduced the number of prescribed drugs (AU)

[Intervention in elderly patients with multiple morbidities and multiple medications: results of the prescription and the quality of life]. / Intervención en ancianos con multimorbilidad y polimedicados: resultados en la prescripción y en la calidad de vida.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of an intervention using STOPP/START criteria and the Garfinkel algorithm on prescription and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in elderly patients with multimorbidity and prescribed multiple medications. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A before-after intervention study on 381 patients over 67 years old and prescribed multiple medications by 71 Primary Care doctors. INTERVENTION: The doctors were trained in the STOPP / START criteria and Garfinkel algorithm. Each doctor then reviewed all the drugs of their selected patients and then made appointments with them for an initial medical consultation and clinical assessment. Treatment was modified according to the criteria and the HRQoL measured using the SF-12 questionnaire. Two months later, in a second medical consultation, a new clinical assessment was made and the HRQoL was measured. The dimensions of the HRQoL between the first and the second consultation were compared using the paired Student-t test. RESULTS: The intervention involved the removal of a mean of 1.5 drugs per patient. The dose was modified in 4% of drugs, and 8.9% of patients were prescribed a new drug. Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), psychoactive drugs and proton pump inhibitors were the most modified. Social Function and Physical Component Summary of the HRQOL improved significantly (P<.05) after intervention. CONCLUSION: The intervention using the Garfinkel algorithm and STOPP -START criteria improved HRQoL and reduced the number of prescribed drugs.

[The appropriate use of pharmacological treatment in patients with chronic heart failure. A perspective from Primary Care]. / Grado de adecuación del tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica. Visión desde atención primaria.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The appropriate use of pharmacological treatment according to the indications in Clinical Guidelines reduces morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). There are numerous studies regarding this in the hospital environment, but there are few studies done in Primary Care. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of compliance by Primary Care doctors to the Clinical Guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology in patients with CHF. METHODS: A descriptive, observational study on the use of indication-prescription drugs was conducted. POPULATION AND SAMPLE: Primary Care teams of the Leon Health Area (9 urban and 19 rural). The study population included patients with a diagnosis of New York Heart Association (NYHA) Grade II-IV chronic heart failure, from a register of 2047 with chronic heart failure patients treated by 97 Primary Care doctors. A proportional representative random sample of 474 patients from the urban and rural areas was studied. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Adherence to the drugs recommended in the Clinical Guidelines was evaluated using two indicators; one overall, and another for drugs with a higher level of evidence (A1: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors-angiotensin II receptor antagonists [ACE-I/ARA-II], ß-blockers [BB] and spironolactone). RESULTS: A total of 456 patients were studied, with a mean age of 78.4 years, and 53.1% females. Arterial hypertension (AHT) and ischaemic heart disease were present in 64.7% of patients. The mean comorbidity rate, excluding CHF, was 2.9. Around 40% were diagnosed a NYHA Grade 11-1V. The overall compliance rate (diuretics, ACE-I/ARA-II, ß-blockers, spironolactone, digoxin, and oral anticoagulants) and rate of adherence to evidence-based ones was 55.2% and 44.6%, respectively. There was low compliance by 39.5%, and only 12.9% of patients showed perfect compliance with the drugs with a higher level of evidence, while to be less than 70 years-old, a history of ischaemia, AHT, and a hospital admission, were variables associated with better adherence to treatment. CONCLUSION: There is a low use of the drugs recommended by the Clinical Guidelines for heart failure, particularly of those with better evidence for reducing morbidity and mortality.

Grado de adecuación del tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica. Visión desde atención primaria / The appropriate use of pharmacological treatment in patients with chronic heart failure. A perspective from Primary Care

Introducción y objetivo. La adecuación del tratamiento farmacológico a las indicaciones de las guías clínicas reduce la morbimortalidad en enfermos con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica (ICC). Numerosos estudios informan sobre esta adecuación en el ámbito hospitalario, mientras que en atención primaria son escasos. El objetivo es evaluar el grado de adecuación a la guía clínica de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología en la ICC en los pacientes de médicos de atención primaria. Métodos. Diseño observacional descriptivo, de utilización de medicamentos, tipo indicación-prescripción. Población y muestra: equipos de atención primaria del Área Sanitaria de León (9 urbanos y 19 rurales). La población de estudio está formada por los pacientes con un diagnóstico de insuficiencia cardíaca crónica en grado II-IV de la New York Heart Association (NYHA), de un registro de 2.047 con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica, pertenecientes a 97 médicos de atención primaria. Mediante un muestreo aleatorio se seleccionaron 474 enfermos con afijación proporcional a los estratos rural y urbano. Mediciones principales: se evalúa la adherencia a los fármacos recomendados en la guía clínica mediante 2 indicadores, uno global y otro para fármacos con mayor grado de evidencia (A1: inhibidores de la enzima conversora de angiotensina/antagonistas de los receptores de angiotensina II [IECA/ARA-II], β-bloqueantes [BB] y espironolactona). Resultados. Se estudian 456 enfermos, con una edad promedio de 78,4 años, de los cuales son mujeres el 53,1%. La hipertensión arterial (HTA) y la isquemia cardíaca causan el 64,7%. La comorbilidad promedio, excluyendo la ICC, fue de 2,9. El 40,4% están en grado III-IV de la NYHA. El Índice de Adherencia Global (diuréticos, IECA/ARA-II, β-bloqueantes, espironolactona, digoxina y anticoagulantes orales) y el de Adherencia a la Evidencia A1 (IECA/ARA-II, BB y espironolactona) fueron del 55,2 y del 44,6%, respectivamente. El 39,5% tiene una baja adherencia, solo el 12,9% de los pacientes exhiben una perfecta adherencia a los medicamentos con el mejor grado de evidencia, mientras que tener menos de 70 años, los antecedentes de isquemia, HTA e ingreso hospitalario son variables asociadas a mejor adherencia. Conclusión. Existe una infrautilización de medicamentos recomendados por la guía clínica para la insuficiencia cardíaca, sobre todo de aquellos con mejores evidencias para reducir la morbimortalidad (AU)

Introduction and objective. The appropriate use of pharmacological treatment according to the indications in Clinical Guidelines reduces morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). There are numerous studies regarding this in the hospital environment, but there are few studies done in Primary Care. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of compliance by Primary Care doctors to the Clinical Guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology in patients with CHF. Methods. A descriptive, observational study on the use of indication-prescription drugs was conducted. Population and sample: Primary Care teams of the Leon Health Area (9 urban and 19 rural). The study population included patients with a diagnosis of New York Heart Association (NYHA) Grade II-IV chronic heart failure, from a register of 2047 with chronic heart failure patients treated by 97 Primary Care doctors. A proportional representative random sample of 474 patients from the urban and rural areas was studied. Main measurements: Adherence to the drugs recommended in the Clinical Guidelines was evaluated using two indicators; one overall, and another for drugs with a higher level of evidence (A1: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors-angiotensin II receptor antagonists [ACE-I/ARA-II], β-blockers [BB] and spironolactone). Results. A total of 456 patients were studied, with a mean age of 78.4 years, and 53.1% females. Arterial hypertension (AHT) and ischaemic heart disease were present in 64.7% of patients. The mean comorbidity rate, excluding CHF, was 2.9. Around 40% were diagnosed a NYHA Grade 11-1V. The overall compliance rate (diuretics, ACE-I/ARA-II, β-blockers, spironolactone, digoxin, and oral anticoagulants) and rate of adherence to evidence-based ones was 55.2% and 44.6%, respectively. There was low compliance by 39.5%, and only 12.9% of patients showed perfect compliance with the drugs with a higher level of evidence, while to be less than 70 years-old, a history of ischaemia, AHT, and a hospital admission, were variables associated with better adherence to treatment. Conclusion. There is a low use of the drugs recommended by the Clinical Guidelines for heart failure, particularly of those with better evidence for reducing morbidity and mortality (AU)