Exploring the Phytochemical Composition and the Bioactive Properties of Malbec and Torrontés Wine Pomaces from the Calchaquíes Valleys (Argentina) for Their Sustainable Exploitation.

Hydroalcoholic extracts from Malbec and Torrontés wine pomaces (Vitis vinifera L.) originating from the high-altitude vineyards of Argentina's Calchaquí Valleys were characterized. Total phenolics, hydroxycinnamic acids, orthodiphenols, anthocyanins, non-flavonoid phenolics, total flavonoids, flavones/flavonols, flavanones/dihydroflavonols, and tannins were quantified through spectrophotometric methods, with the Malbec extract exhibiting higher concentrations in most of phytochemical groups when compared to Torrontés. HPLC-DAD identified more than 30 phenolic compounds in both extracts. Malbec displayed superior antiradical activity (ABTS cation, nitric oxide, and superoxide anion radicals), reduction power (iron, copper, and phosphomolybdenum), hypochlorite scavenging, and iron chelating ability compared to Torrontés. The cytotoxicity assessments revealed that Torrontés affected the viability of HT29-MTX and Caco-2 colon cancer cells by 70% and 50%, respectively, at the highest tested concentration (1 mg/mL). At the same time, both extracts did not demonstrate acute toxicity in Artemia salina or in red blood cell assays at 500 µg/mL. Both extracts inhibited the lipoxygenase enzyme (IC50: 154.7 and 784.7 µg/mL for Malbec and Torrontés), with Malbec also reducing the tyrosinase activity (IC50: 89.9 µg/mL), and neither inhibited the xanthine oxidase. The substantial phenolic content and diverse biological activities in the Calchaquí Valleys' pomaces underline their potentialities to be valorized for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.

Restraining Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Factors and Quorum Sensing through Lactic Acid Bacteria Supernatant Extracts.

The escalating prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a grave threat to human health, necessitating the exploration of novel alternatives to conventional antibiotics. This study investigated the impact of extracts derived from the supernatant of four lactic acid bacteria strains on factors contributing to the pathogenicity of three Staphylococcus aureus strains. The study evaluated the influence of lactic acid bacteria supernatant extracts on the growth, biofilm biomass formation, biofilm metabolic activity, and biofilm integrity of the S. aureus strains. Additionally, the impact on virulence factors (hemolysin and coagulase) was examined. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to identify the bioactive compounds in the extracts, while molecular docking analyses explored potential interactions. Predominantly, the extracts contain eight 2,5-diketopiperazines, which are cyclic forms of peptides. The extracts demonstrated inhibitory effects on biofilm formation, the ability to disrupt mature biofilms, and reduce the biofilm cell metabolic activity of the S. aureus strains. Furthermore, they exhibited the ability to inhibit α-hemolysin production and reduce coagulase activity. An in silico docking analysis reveals promising interactions between 2,5-diketopiperazines and key proteins (SarA and AgrA) in S. aureus, confirming their antivirulence and antibiofilm activities. These findings suggest that 2,5-diketopiperazines could serve as a promising lead compound in the fight against antibiotic-resistant S. aureus.

UHPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS Metabolic Profiling of a Medicinal Flourensia Fiebrigii Chemotype.

The comparative metabolic profiling and their biological properties of eight extracts obtained from diverse parts (leaves, flowers, roots) of the medicinal plant Flourensia fiebrigii S.F. Blake, a chemotype growing in highland areas (2750 m a.s.l.) of northwest Argentina, were investigated. The extracts were analysed by GC-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of encecalin (relative content: 24.86 %) in ethereal flower extract (EF) and this benzopyran (5.93 %) together sitosterol (11.35 %) in the bioactive ethereal leaf exudate (ELE). By UHPLC-MS/MS the main compounds identified in both samples were: limocitrin, (22.31 %), (2Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]-1-benzofuran-3-one (21.31 %), isobavachin (14.47 %), naringenin (13.50 %), and sternbin, (12.49 %). Phytocomplexes derived from aerial parts exhibited significant activity against biofilm production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, reaching inhibitions of 74.7-99.9 % with ELE (50 µg/mL). Notably, the extracts did not affect nutraceutical and environmental bacteria, suggesting a selective activity. ELE also showed the highest reactive species scavenging ability. This study provides valuable insights into the potential applications of this chemotype.

Clinical relevance of genetic variants in the von Willebrand factor according to in-silico methods.

Clinical interpretation of genetic variants in the context of the patient's phenotype is a time-consuming and costly process. In-silico analysis using in-silico prediction tools, and molecular modeling have been developed to predict the influence of genetic variants on the quality and/or quantity of the resulting translated protein, and in this way, to alert clinicians of disease likelihood in the absence of previous evidence. Our objectives were to evaluate the success rate of the in-silico analysis in predicting the disease-causing variants as pathogenic and the single-nucleotide variants as neutral, and to establish the reliability of in-silico analysis for determining pathogenicity or neutrality of von Willebrand factor gene-associated genetic variants. Using in-silico analysis, we studied pathogenicity in 31 disease-causing variants, and neutrality in 61 single-nucleotide variants from patients previously diagnosed as type 2 von Willebrand disease. Disease-causing variants and non-synonymous single-nucleotide variants were explored by in-silico tools that analyze the amino acidic sequence. Intronic and synonymous single-nucleotide variants were analyzed by in-silico methods that evaluate the nucleotidic sequence. We found a consistent agreement between predictions achieved by in-silico prediction tools and molecular modeling, both for defining the pathogenicity of disease-causing variants and the neutrality of single-nucleotide variants. Based on our results, the in-silico analysis would help to define the pathogenicity or neutrality in novel genetic variants observed in patients with clinical and laboratory phenotypes suggestive of von Willebrand disease.

Citrus sinensis Essential Oils an Innovative Antioxidant and Antipathogenic Dual Strategy in Food Preservation against Spoliage Bacteria.

The present study evaluates the chemical compositions and antioxidant and antipathogenic properties of commercial orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) essential oils obtained using the cold-press method (EOP) and the cold-press method followed by steam distillation (EOPD). The chemical compositions of the volatilizable fractions, determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were similar in both samples. A relatively large amount of γ-terpinene was found in the EOPD (1.75%) as compared to the EOP (0.84%). Monoterpene hydrocarbons with limonene (90.4-89.8%) followed by myrcene (3.2-3.1%) as the main compounds comprised the principal phytochemical group. The non-volatile phenolics were eight times higher in the EOP than in the EOPD. Several assays with different specificity levels were used to study the antioxidant activity. Although both essential oils presented similar reducing capacities, the radical elimination ability was higher for the EOP. Regarding the antipathogenic properties, the EOs inhibited the biomass and cell viability of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Furthermore, both EOs similarly attenuated the production of elastase, pyocyanin, and quorum-sensing autoinducers as assessed using Gram-negative bacteria. The EOP and EOPD showed important antioxidant and antipathogenic properties, so they could represent natural alternatives to extend the shelf life of food products by preventing oxidation and contamination caused by microbial spoilage.

From the Discovery of ADAMTS13 to Current Understanding of Its Role in Health and Disease.

ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin-like metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) is a protease of crucial importance in the regulation of the size of von Willebrand factor multimers. Very low ADAMTS13 activity levels result in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a rare and life-threatening disease. The mechanisms involved can either be acquired (immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura [iTTP]) or congenital (cTTP, Upshaw-Schulman syndrome) caused by the autosomal recessive inheritance of disease-causing variants (DCVs) located along the ADAMTS13 gene, which is located in chromosome 9q34. Apart from its role in TTP, and as a regulator of microthrombosis, ADAMTS13 has begun to be identified as a prognostic and/or diagnostic marker of other diseases, such as those related to inflammatory processes, liver damage, metastasis of malignancies, sepsis, and different disorders related to angiogenesis. Since its first description almost 100 years ago, the improvement of laboratory tests and the description of novel DCVs along the ADAMTS13 gene have contributed to a better and faster diagnosis of patients under critical conditions. The ability of ADAMTS13 to dissolve platelet aggregates in vitro and its antithrombotic properties makes recombinant human ADAMTS13 treatment a potential therapeutic approach targeting not only patients with cTTP but also other medical conditions.

Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) modulates oocyte nuclear maturation during IVM and improves post-IVF embryo development.

Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is still a major challenge in human and animal assisted reproduction. Gradual instead of abrupt activation of the ovulatory cascade during IVM has been proposed to enhance nuclear-cytoplasmic synchrony and cumulus-oocyte communication, thus favoring oocyte developmental competence. Herein, we assessed the effects of neuregulin 1 (NRG1), an EGF-like factor that modulates EGFR signaling, on oocyte nuclear maturation dynamics, cumulus expansion and expression of mRNAs regulating these processes during IVM, as well as on post-IVF embryo development following AREG-stimulated IVM in cattle. In experiment 1, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were subjected to IVM with graded doses of NRG1 (1, 10 or 100 ng/mL) for 6, 9, 12, 20, and 24 h, after which oocyte nuclear status and cumulus mRNA expression were assessed. At 6 h of IVM, NRG1 at 1 ng/mL significantly decreased the percentage of GVBD (germinal vesicle breakdown) oocytes without altering later meiotic dynamics or the percentage of oocytes achieving meiosis II. In experiment 2, adding NRG1 (1 ng/mL) to the IVM medium did not affect cumulus expansion but increased the percentage of expanded and hatched blastocysts, and blastocyst total cell number following IVF/IVC. NRG1 decreased EGFR mRNA abundance while increasing NPR2 and PTX3 mRNA levels at 9 h, and TNFAIP6 mRNA abundance at 20 h of IVM. This is the first study that reports the modulatory effect of NGR1 during oocyte maturation in a mono-ovulatory species and demonstrates that this action may be applied during IVM to improve post-IVF embryo development.

Vivências de trabalho precoce de adolescentes em medida socioeducativa / Experience of child labor of adolescents complying with a social-educational measure / Vivencias de trabajo infantil de adolescentes en medidas socioeducativas

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a vivência de trabalho precoce de adolescentes e jovens em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa, no estado da Paraíba. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um Questionário Mosquito Diagnóstico e uma Entrevista Semiestruturada. A análise foi realizada com o software Iramuteq, (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires), através da Análise Hierárquica Descendente, que gerou seis classes: significado do trabalho; infância e escola; condições objetivas de vida; trabalho, drogas e ato infracional; consequências do trabalho infantil; e trabalho infantojuvenil. A perspectiva teórica utilizada foi a psicologia histórico-cultural e os dados discutidos a partir do conceito de vivência. Conclui-se que as vivências e situações sociais de desenvolvimento foram caracterizadas pelo trabalho precoce que oportunizou o envolvimento com atos infracionais e as instituições responsáveis pela garantia de direitos em vez de garantir a proteção social, criminalizaram por meio de medidas socioeducativas.(AU)

This article aims to analyze the experience of child labor of adolescents and youngsters that are complying a social-educational measure, in the State of Paraíba. The instruments utilized were a Questionnaire Mosquito Diagnóstico and a Semi-Structured Interview. The analysis was performed by using the Iramuteq software (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires), by using Descending Hierarchical Analysis, which generated six classes: meaning of labor; childhood and school; objective conditions of life; labor, drugs, and act of infraction; consequences of child labor; and child labor. The theoretical perspective used was historical-cultural psychology and the data were discussed from the concept of experience. It was concluded that the experiences and social situations of development were characterized by child labor, which enabled the involvement with acts of infraction; and the institutions responsible for guaranteeing rights, instead of guaranteeing social protection, criminalized by using social-educational measures.(AU)

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la vivencia precoz de adolescentes y jóvenes que cumplen medidas socioeducativas en el estado de Paraíba (Brasil). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron un Cuestionario Mosquito Diagnóstico y una entrevista semiestructurada. El análisis se realizó con el software Iramuteq (Interface de R pour les Multidimensionnelles Analyzes de Textes et de Questionnaires), mediante análisis jerárquico descendente, que generó seis clases: Significado del trabajo; Infancia y escuela; Condiciones objetivas de vida; Trabajo, drogas y acto de infracción; Consecuencias del trabajo infantil; y Trabajo infantojuvenil. La perspectiva teórica que se utilizó fue la psicología histórico-cultural, y los datos se discutieron desde el concepto de vivencia. Se concluye que las vivencias y situaciones sociales de desarrollo se caracterizaron por trabajo infantil que permitió la participación en infracciones y que las instituciones responsables de garantizar los derechos en lugar de la protección social los criminalizaron mediante medidas socioeducativas.(AU)

O trabalho na história de vida de mulheres egressas de um projeto em Economia Solidária / Work in the life story of women who left a project in Solidarity Economy

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender os sentidos atribuídos ao processo de incubação realizado por mulheres egressas de um projeto em economia solidária em uma Incubadora de Empreendimentos Solidários, a partir de suas trajetórias de vida e de trabalho delas. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, realizada através das ferramentas de história de vida e grupo de discussão, utilizando-se da análise de núcleos de significação. São mulheres diversas, que lutam pelo seu sustento e não conseguem se definir dissociadas do trabalho, sendo a maioria delas as responsáveis por atividades dentro e fora da esfera do lar. As histórias contadas revelaram que, mesmo que essas mulheres trabalhadoras não tenham alcançado um entendimento total da economia solidária enquanto modelo produtivo, as experiências vivenciadas no processo de incubação foram formativas

This study aims to understand the meanings women who graduated from a project in solidarity economy attributed to the incubation process in an Incubator of Solidarity Enterprises based on their life and work trajectories. This is exploratory qualitative research, conducted with four female workers who left a solidary enterprise, used the tools of life history, discussion group, and analysis of meaning cores. These diverse women fight for their livelihood and are unable to define themselves as dissociated from work since most are responsible for activities inside and outside their homes. Their stories showed that, even though these working women were unable to fully understand the solidarity economy as a productive model, they had formative experiences in the incubation process

Prosopis alba Seed as a Functional Food Waste for Food Formulation Enrichment.

The present study describes how flour and phenolic enriched extracts (PEE) are obtained from seed (food waste) of 10 different P. alba (algarrobo blanco) clones and their characterization to be used as non-conventional sources of potential functional ingredients. Seed flour and PEE obtained from Argentinian P. alba cultivars were chemically characterized. The antioxidant capacity was also determined. The results showed variability in macronutrient composition of seed flour obtained from different clones. Among them, seed flour obtained from P4, P5, P6, P10, P12, and P13 clones showed a higher protein and fiber content than the other clones. On the other hand, PEE obtained from P6, P7, and P10 clones showed the highest content of phenolic component (7.32-8.58 mg GAE/g flour). The extracts obtained from them also showed high antioxidant activity (scavenging activity on ABTS•+, HO•, and H2O2). C-glycosyl flavones, including vicenin II, isoschaftoside, schaftoside, vitexin, and isovitexin were the major components extracted in all clones. These compounds have remarkable properties for disease prevention linked to oxidative stress. Therefore, the P. alba seed could be considered as functional food waste with a great potential to be used as a novel renewable and sustainable material for the production of bioactive food formulations.

Atribuições dos operadores da rede de proteção na política de convivência: o poder familiar em foco / Attributions of network protection agents in policy of the right to live in an environment: family power in focus / Atribuciones de los operadores de la red de protección en la política de convivencia: el poder familiar en foco

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os papéis atribuídos aos operadores da rede de proteção dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes pela política nacional de garantia do direito à convivência familiar e comunitária. Foi desenvolvida uma análise documental do plano nacional de convivência familiar e comunitária. Para analisar os dados coletados, foi utilizada a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Foi visto que a preservação dos vínculos familiares naturais de crianças e adolescentes requer a implementação de políticas de apoio sociofamiliar. A violação dos direitos está atrelada às dificuldades de acesso aos bens públicos e os programas sociais de preservação de vínculos não funcionam como deveriam. Os segmentos sociais fiscalizam as ações governamentais, gerenciam os recursos públicos e compartilham a responsabilidade pela proteção dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes. Esses e outros pontos discutidos neste estudo têm repercussões sobre a efetivação da política de convivência familiar em nível nacional.

The aim of this study was to analyze the roles assigned to network protection agents of the rights of children and adolescents by the national policy to guarantee the right to live in a family and community environment. A documentary analysis of the national plan for the right to live in a family and community environment was carried out. To analyze the collected data, it was used the Thematic Content Analysis technique. It was seen that the preservation of the natural family bonds of children and adolescents requires the implementation of social and family support policies. The violation of rights is linked to difficulties in accessing public goods, and social programs to preserve bonds do not work as they should. The social segments oversee government actions, manage public resources and share responsibility for protecting the rights of children and adolescents. These and other points discussed in this study have repercussions on the implementation of the policy for the right to live in a family environment at the national level.

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los roles asignados a los operadores de la red de protección de los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia por la política nacional para garantizar el derecho a la vida familiar y comunitaria. Se realizó un análisis documental del plan nacional de convivencia familiar y comunitaria. Para analizar los datos recolectados se utilizó la técnica de Análisis de Contenido Temática. Se vio que la preservación de los lazos familiares naturales de los niños y adolescentes requiere la implementación de políticas de apoyo social y familiar. La violación de derechos está vinculada a las dificultades para acceder a los bienes públicos, y los programas sociales para preservar los vínculos no funcionan como deberían. Los segmentos sociales supervisan las acciones del gobierno, administran los recursos públicos y comparten la responsabilidad de proteger los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia. Estos y otros puntos discutidos en este estudio repercuten en la implementación de la política de vida familiar a nivel nacional.

A Garantia dos Direitos Infantojuvenis a partir da Concepção de Infância e Adolescência / The Guarantee of Children's and Youth Rights from the Conception of Childhood and Adolescence / La Garantia de los Derechos de la Niñez y la Juventude desde la Concepción de la Niñez y la Adolescencia

Este artigo objetiva analisar como a concepção de infância e adolescência adotada pelos atores sociais da Rede de Proteção norteia a atuação na garantia dos direitos das crianças e dos adolescentes. Adota-se, neste artigo, a teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky. Participaram 10 atores sociais que fazem parte do Sistema de Garantias de Direitos de uma cidade no Tocantins. Este é um estudo exploratório, em que se optou por uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se da entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo Temática de Bardin. Os resultados mostraram que o conceito de infância e adolescência está arraigado a uma concepção naturalizante e de desenvolvimento por etapas. Os sujeitos são tratados de maneira homogênea, desconsiderando-se suas particularidades. Percebe-se que o critério peculiar de sujeito em desenvolvimento é questionado e visto como um erro da lei, e que esta deveria considerar adultos e crianças com as mesmas obrigações e penalizações.

This article aims to analyze how the conception of childhood and adolescence adopted by the social actors of the Protection Network guides the performance in guaranteeing the rights of children and adolescents. In this article, Vygotsky's historical-cultural theory is adopted. 10 social actors that are part of the System of Guarantees of Rights of a city in Tocantins participated. This is an exploratory study, in which a qualitative approach was chosen, using semi-structured interviews for data collection. For data analysis, Bardin's Thematic Content Analysis was used. The results showed that the concept of childhood and adolescence is rooted in a naturalizing and developmental conception. The subjects are treated in a homogeneous manner, disregarding their particularities. It is noticed that the peculiar criterion of the developing subject is questioned and seen as an error of the law, and that it should consider adults and children with the same obligations and penalties.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo la concepción de la infancia y la adolescencia adoptada por los actores sociales de la Red de Protección guía el desempeño para garantizar los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. En este artículo, se adopta la teoría histórico-cultural de Vygotsky. Participaron 10 actores sociales que forman parte del Sistema de Garantías de Derechos de una ciudad en Tocantins. Este es un estudio exploratorio, en el que se eligió un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando entrevistas semiestructuradas para la recopilación de datos. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizó el Análisis de contenido temático de Bardin. Los resultados mostraron que el concepto de infancia y adolescencia tiene sus raíces en un concepto de naturalización y desarrollo en etapas. Los sujetos son tratados de manera homogénea, sin tener en cuenta sus particularidades. Se observa que el criterio peculiar del sujeto en desarrollo es cuestionado y visto como un error de la ley, y que debe considerar a adultos y niños con las mismas obligaciones y sanciones.

Exposição íntima online: experiências de mulheres brasileiras e seu acesso a políticas públicas / Online intimate exposure: experiences of brazilian women and their access to public policies / Exposición íntima online: experiencias de mujeres brasileñas y su acceso a las políticas públicas

Exposição íntima online (conhecida como pornografia de vingança; slut shaming) consiste na divulgação, ou ameaça, de materiais íntimos da vítima, caracterizando uma cultura, atualizada através da internet, de exposição e humilhação de mulheres por sua sexualidade. Este artigo se propõe a analisar as experiências de exposição íntima online vivenciadas pelas mulheres brasileiras usuárias da internet e as políticas públicas por elas acessadas. A pesquisa, qualitativa e fundamentada na perspectiva de gênero foi realizada através de questionário online respondido por 1.028 mulheres. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo temático-categorial, com auxílio dos softwares SPSS e MaxQDA. Cinco por cento das participantes haviam sofrido exposição íntima online, praticada majoritariamente por um parceiro ou ex-parceiro. A busca por políticas públicas foi baixa e identificada como insatisfatória. Estimamos que os resultados possam contribuir com a construção do conhecimento científico e embasar o atendimento profissional às vítimas de exposição íntima online.

Online intimate exposure (known as revenge porn; slut shaming) consists in the disclosure, or threat, of the victim's intimate material, characterizing a culture, updated through the internet, of exposure and humiliation of women for their sexuality. This article aims to analyze the experiences of online intimate exposure experienced by Brazilian women who use the internet and the public policies accessed by them. The research, being qualitative and based on a gender perspective, was conducted through an online questionnaire, answered by 1.028 women. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic-categorical content analysis, with the aid of the softwares SPSS and MaxQDA. Five percent of the participants had undergone intimate online exposure, mostly practiced by a partner or ex-partner. The search for public policies was low and identified as unsatisfactory. We estimate that the results can contribute to the construction of scientific knowledge and support professional care for victims of online intimate exposure.

La exposición íntima online (conocida como pornografía de venganza; slut shaming) consiste en la divulgación, o amenaza, del material íntimo de la víctima, caracterizando una cultura, actualizada a través de Internet, de humillación de mujeres por su sexualidad. Este artículo pretende analizar las experiencias de exposición íntima online vividas por mujeres brasileñas que utilizan internet y las políticas públicas a las que acceden. La investigación, cualitativa y en base a una perspectiva de género, fue realizada a través de un cuestionario online, respondido por 1.028 mujeres. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva y el análisis de contenido temáticocategórico, con la ayuda de los programas SPSS y MaxQDA. Cinco por ciento de las participantes habían sufrido exposición íntima online, en su mayoría practicada por una pareja o expareja. La búsqueda de políticas públicas fue baja y identificada como insatisfactoria. Estimamos que los resultados pueden contribuir a la construcción de conocimiento científico y apoyar la atención profesional a las víctimas de exposición íntima online.

Responsabilização ou Punição: Violações de Direitos na Medida Socioeducativa de Internação / Liability or Punishment: Violations of Rights in Socio-Educative Measure of Confinement / Responsabilizacion o Castigo: Violaciones de Derechos en la Medida Socioeducativa de Internacion

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as violações de direitos na vida de jovens em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas de internação. Foi realizada uma pesquisa com dez jovens que cumpriam medida socioeducativa de internação em uma cidade do estado da Paraíba. Utilizou-se uma entrevista aberta individual abordando o cotidiano dos jovens na unidade de internação. Os dados foram analisados a partir da Análise Temática de Conteúdo, organizados na classe temática Violações de direitos durante o cumprimento da medida socioeducativa, com as respectivas categorias: Violência física e psicológica, Enclausuramento, Superlotação, Negligência, Consequências da medida disciplinar e Revista íntima vexatória. Conclui-se que o cumprimento da medida socioeducativa de internação se caracteriza pela permanência da cultura punitiva, evidenciando a necessidade de um projeto pedagógico que norteie as ações nas unidades e as atividades de todos os profissionais que atuam nas instituições de medidas socioeducativas, e que efetive a garantia de direitos dos jovens.

This article aims to analyze violations of rights in the lives of young people in fulfillment with socio-educative measures of confinement. A survey was conducted with ten young people who fulfilled socio-educational measures of confinement in a city in the state of Paraíba. An individual unstructured interview addressing the daily life of young people in the confinement unit was used. The data were analyzed from the Thematic Content Analysis, organized in the thematic class Violations of rights during the fulfillment of the socio-educational measure, with the respective categories: Physical and psychological violence, Enclosure, Overcrowding, Neglect, Consequences of disciplinary action and Vexatious intimate search. It was concluded that fulfillment with the socio-educative measure of confinement has been characterized by the permanence of punitive culture related to the absence of activities based on the pedagogical dimension, evidencing the need for a pedagogical project that guides the actions in the units and the activities of all professionals who work in the institutions of socio-educational measures, and that effectively guarantees the rights of young people.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las violaciones de los derechos en la vida de los jóvenes en cumplimiento de las medidas socioeducativas de internación. Se realizó una encuesta con diez jóvenes que cumplen medida socioeducativa de internación en una ciudad del estado de Paraíba. Se utilizó una entrevista individual abierta para abordar la vida cotidiana de los jóvenes en la unidad de internación. Los datos se analizaron a partir del Análisis de contenido temático, organizados en la clase temática Violaciones de derechos durante el cumplimiento de la medida socioeducativa, con las respectivas categorías: violencia física y psicológica, encierro, enclaustramiento, negligencia, consecuencias de la medida disciplinaria y revista vejatoria íntima. Se concluye que el cumplimiento de la medida socioeducativa de internación se ha caracterizado por la permanencia de la cultura punitiva, evidenciando la necesidad de un proyecto pedagógico que oriente las acciones en las unidades y las actividades de todos los profesionales que trabajan en las instituciones de medidas socioeducativas, y para garantizar los derechos de los jóvenes.

Individual assistance plan: challenges to the construction of a life project while serving socio-educational measures / Plano individual de atendimento: desafios para construção do projeto de vida na medida socioeducativa

This article seeks to analyze the use of Plano Individual de Atendimento (Individual Assistance Plans) for the construction of the life projects of adolescents serving Medida Socioeducativa (Socio-Educational Measures) in an incarceration facility. Interviews were conducted with ten adolescents between the ages of 15 and 17, who were carrying out an Medida Socioeducativa of male incarceration, and document analysis was performed on their plans. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis, from the categories "Elaboration of the Individual Assistance Plans", "What the PIA addressed" and "Objective of the Individual Assistance Plans" in the light of Vygotsky's cultural-historical psychology. The interviews and plans analyzed did not present sufficient information to identify the construction of the life project. The use of Individual Assistance Plans in socio-educational measures, allowing it to accomplish its planning and socio-educational function, remains challenging.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a utilização do Plano Individual de Atendimento em uma unidade de medida socioeducativa de internação para construção do projeto de vida. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com dez adolescentes, com idades entre 15 e 17 anos em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa, em uma unidade de internação masculina, e uma pesquisa documental com os planos desses adolescentes. Os dados foram analisados com a Análise Temática de Conteúdo a partir das categorias Elaboração do Plano Individual de Atendimento. O que o Plano Individual de Atendimento abordou e Objetivo do Plano Individual de Atendimento à luz da perspectiva da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural de Vigotski. As entrevistas e planos analisados não apresentaram informações suficientes para identificação da construção do projeto de vida. A utilização do Plano Individual de Atendimento ainda é um desafio na medida socioeducativa, para que esta possa cumprir sua função de planejamento e assumir uma função socioeducativa.

Juventude, contexto social e medidas socioeducativas: trajetórias de (des)proteção social? / Youth, social context and socio-educational measures: trajectories of social (un)protection?

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o contexto social de jovens do gênero masculino que cumpriram medidas socioeducativas de internação. Para tanto foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com dez jovens que se encontravam em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas de internação no estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizadas como técnica de pesquisa entrevistas abertas e individuais, submetidas à Análise Temática de Conteúdo. Os resultados do estudo apontaram que os jovens vivenciaram em suas trajetórias de vida violações de direitos relacionadas ao contexto social, tais como inserção no trabalho infantil, dificuldades socioeconômicas, violência, acesso a drogas e envolvimento com atos infracionais devido à necessidade de acesso a bens de subsistência e consumo. Diante disto, compreende-se que o contexto social dos jovens anterior ao cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas foi perpassado pelas expressões da questão social, advinda do conflito de classe, centrado na exploração do ser humano pelo trabalho em prol do desenvolvimento do capital, e em consequência do modo de produção capitalista, configurando-se como um espaço não garantidor de condições plenas para o desenvolvimento biopsicossocial desses jovens.(AU)

The aim of this article is to analyze the social context of youth who fulfilled socio-educative measures of confinement. Therefore, qualitative research was conducted with ten young people who were in fulfillment with socio-educative measures of confinement in the state of Paraíba. It was used as research technique individual unstructured interviews, which were submitted to the Thematic Content Analysis. The results of the study showed that young people experience violations of rights related to the social context in their life trajectories, such as insertion in child labor, socioeconomic difficulties, violence, access to drugs and involvement with offenses due to the need for access to subsistence and consumption property. Thus, it is understood that the social context of young people before the fulfillment of socio-educative measures was permeated by the expressions of the social issue, arising from class conflict, centered on the exploitation of man by work for the capital development, and as a result of capitalist mode of production, configuring itself as a space that does not guarantee full conditions for the development of these young people.(AU)

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el contexto social de los jóvenes que han cumplido las medidas socioeducativas de internamiento. Para ello, se realizó una investigación cualitativa con diez jóvenes que han cumplido las medidas socioeducativas de internamiento en el estado de Paraíba. Se utilizaron como técnica de investigación, entrevistas abiertas e individuales, las cuales fueron sometidas a Análisis de Contenido Temático. Los resultados del estudio mostraron que los jóvenes experimentaron violaciones de derechos relacionados con el contexto social en sus trayectorias de vida, como inserción en el trabajo infantil, dificultades socioeconómicas, violencia, acceso a drogas y participación en infracciones por la necesidad de acceso a bienes de subsistencia y consumo. Ante esto, se entiende que el contexto social de los jóvenes previo al cumplimiento de las medidas socioeducativas estuvo permeado por las expresiones de la problemática social, surgida del conflicto de clases, centrado en la explotación humana por el trabajo a favor del desarrollo del capital, y como resultado del modo de producción capitalista, convertirse en un espacio que no garantiza plenas condiciones para el desarrollo de estos jóvenes.(AU)

Profissionais de Psicologia na política de adoção: produção científica nacional / Psychology Professionals in Adoption Policy: National Scientific Production

Este estudo tem por objetivo mapear a produção científica nacional sobre a atuação dos profissionais de Psicologia na política de adoção. Por meio de levantamento nas bases SciELO e Plataforma de Periódicos da Capes, com os descritores adoção e Psicologia, entre 2010 e 2017, foram recuperados 28 artigos, sendo encontradas definições de família tradicionais e não normativas. O conceito de adoção foi abordado sob diferentes perspectivas e foram apontadas conquistas e desafios do direito à convivência familiar. A preparação foi concebida como espaço de reflexão para os pretendentes e seus familiares. A equipe pode contribuir para a reintegração familiar. Conclui-se que os temas elencados perpassam a inserção da Psicologia no campo do direito à convivência familiar, contribuindo para a compreensão da atuação dos profissionais de Psicologia sob uma perspectiva crítica.

This study aims to map the national scientific production on the performance of Psychology professionals in adoption policy. In total, 28 articles were retrieved by a survey in SciELO and Plataforma de Periódicos da CAPES databases, with the descriptors "adoption" and "psychology", between 2010 and 2017,. We found traditional and non-normative family definitions. The concept of adoption was approached from different perspectives. Achievements and challenges of the right to live in a family environment were pointed out. The preparation was conceived as a space for reflection for the applicants and their families. The team can contribute to the family reintegration. We concluded that the topics listed permeate the insertion of Psychology in the field of the right to live in a family environment, contributing to the understanding of the performance Psychology professionals from a critical perspective.

Lemon Oils Attenuate the Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Quorum Sensing Inhibition.

The chemical composition of three Citrus limon oils: lemon essential oil (LEO), lemon terpenes (LT) and lemon essence (LE), and their influence in the virulence factors production and motility (swarming and swimming) of two Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (ATCC 27853 and a multidrug-resistant HT5) were investigated. The main compound, limonene, was also tested in biological assays. Eighty-four compounds, accounting for a relative peak area of 99.23%, 98.58% and 99.64%, were identified by GC/MS. Limonene (59-60%), γ-terpinene (10-11%) and ß-pinene (7-15%) were the main compounds. All lemon oils inhibited specific biofilm production and bacterial metabolic activities into biofilm in a dose-dependent manner (20-65%, in the range of 0.1-4 mg mL-1) of both strains. Besides, all samples inhibited about 50% of the elastase activity at 0.1 mg mL-1. Pyocyanin biosynthesis decreases until 64% (0.1-4 mg mL-1) for both strains. Swarming motility of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was completely inhibited by 2 mg mL-1 of lemon oils. Furthermore, a decrease (29-55%, 0.1-4 mg mL-1) in the synthesis of Quorum sensing (QS) signals was observed. The oils showed higher biological activities than limonene. Hence, their ability to control the biofilm of P. aeruginosa and reduce the production of virulence factors regulated by QS makes lemon oils good candidates to be applied as preservatives in the food processing industry.

Atribuições dos Profissionais de Psicologia na Política de Adoção / Attributions of Psychology Professionals in the Policy of Adoption / Atribuciones de los Profesionales de Psicología en la Política de Adopción

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as ações atribuídas pelas normativas da política de adoção aos profissionais de Psicologia da Vara da Infância e Juventude. Foram submetidos à análise documental o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, a Lei Nacional da Adoção, o provimento do Conselho Nacional de Justiça sobre as Varas da Infância e Juventude e a resolução do Conselho Federal de Psicologia sobre a atuação do psicólogo como perito e assistente técnico no Poder Judiciário. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. As ações atribuídas pelas normativas da política de adoção aos profissionais de Psicologia contribuem para fundamentar as decisões judiciais, avaliar os pretendentes, auxiliar durante o processo, acolher e escutar suas angústias. Também colaboram para prestar assistência qualificada e integral, oferecer suporte psicológico, legal e social e proporcionar espaços permanentes de reflexão a todos os envolvidos. A vasta quantidade de atribuições e sua natureza técnica podem gerar sobrecarga de trabalho para esses profissionais, cuja formação acadêmica ofertada no Brasil continua atrelada a campos tradicionais. (AU)

The objective of this study is to analyze the actions attributed by the norms of the policy of adoption to Psychology Professionals of the Court of Childhood and Youth. The Statute of the Child and Adolescent, the National Adoption Law, the provision of the National Council of Justice on the Courts of Childhood and Youth and the resolution of the Federal Council of Psychology on the performance of the psychologist as an expert and technical assistant in the Judiciary were submitted to the document analysis. Data were analyzed using the Thematic Content Analysis technique. The actions attributed by the norms of the policy of adoption to Psychology Professionals contribute to substantiate judicial decisions, evaluate applicants, assist during the process, comfort and listen to their anxieties. They also collaborate to provide qualified and comprehensive assistance, provide psychological, legal and social support and provide permanent spaces for reflection to all involved. The vast amount of assignments and their technical nature can generate work overload for these professionals, whose academic training offered in Brazil remains linked to traditional fields. (AU)

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las acciones atribuidas por las normativas de la política de adopción a los profesionales de Psicología de la Vara de la Infancia y la Juventud. Fueron sometidos al análisis de documentos el Estatuto del Niño y del Adolescente, la Ley Nacional de la Adopción, la provisión del Consejo Nacional de Justicia sobre las Varas de la Infancia y Juventud y la resolución del Consejo Federal de Psicología sobre la actuación del psicólogo como experto y asistente técnico en el Poder Judicial. Los datos se analizaron utilizando la técnica de Análisis de Contenido Temática. Las acciones atribuidas por las normativas de la política de adopción a los profesionales de Psicología contribuyen a fundamentar decisiones judiciales, evaluar a los solicitantes, ayudar durante el proceso, acoger y escuchar sus ansiedades. También colaboran para brindar asistencia calificada e integral, brindar apoyo psicológico, legal y social y proporcionar espacios permanentes de reflexión a todos los involucrados. La gran cantidad de tareas y su naturaleza técnica pueden generar una sobrecarga de trabajo para estos profesionales, cuya capacitación académica ofrecida en Brasil sigue vinculada a los campos tradicionales. (AU)