Useful of Tokyo guidelines in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Anatomopathologie correlationship.

BACKGROUND: In the year 2007 a group of experts come together to discuss criteria for acute cholecystitis and to establish therapeutic guidelines and states of gravity in this disease. OBJECTIVES: we correlated the criteria of the Tokyo Guidelines 2007 with the anatomopathology study of the surgical specimen. SETTING: Service of Urgencies of the National Clinic Hospital in Córdoba, Argentine. METHODS: We studied 324 patients (120 male and 204 female) older than 15 years and without limits of age with the criteria of acute cholecystitis a cord to the Tokyo guidelines 2007. 202 patients had a preoperative diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis and 89 of acute cholecystitis, all received cholecystectomy and studied the operative specimen in the anatomopathology department. Anatomopathology criteria for acute cholecystitis were the presence of polimorpho nuclear cells (PMN), for acute exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis the presence of PMN and monomorpho nuclear cells (MN), and for chronic cholecystitis the presence of MN with or without fibrosis. RESULTS: This work showed 82,14% of sensitivity for the diagnostic criteria of Tokyo guidelines, 74,03% of specificity, and positive predictive value of 46%. With the Bayes Theorem the predictive value in Córdoba city was 18,49%. CONCLUSION: There is an important difference in the specificity and positive predictive value between our work and the Tokyo guidelines for acute cholecystitis. There is an important group of patients in our work with acute exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis that is not classified in the diagnostic criteria for acute cholecystitis of Tokyo guidelines.

La aplicación del Score de Alvarado en la sospecha de la apendicitis aguda. Estudio prospectivo y protocolizado / APPLICATION OF A CLINICAL SCORE SYSTEM ( ALVARADO´S SCORE ) FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS

Antecedentes: La apendicitis aguda no sospechada y diagnosticada puede evolucionar hacia la perforación o por el contrario conduce a la remoción de un apéndice normal. Objetivo: La utilización de un sistema de Score, desde un punto de vista clínico, para el diagnóstico de esta patología y lograr disminuir las apendicetomías negativas. Lugar de Aplicación: Hospital Nacional de Clínicas. Córdoba. (Argentina) Diseño: Estudio prospectivo y protocolizado. Material y Métodos: Comprende a 1119 pacientes estudiados entre agosto del 2000 y diciembre del 2015. De ellos, 588 eran del sexo masculino y 531 del femenino, con una edad promedio de 25,3 años de edad. A todos los pacientes se les realizo al ingreso el Score de Alvarado. En base a la clínica y a una segunda valoración con el Score se decidió la exploración quirúrgica en 1061 pacientes (94,8 %). De los 58 restantes (5,18 %), fueron excluidos por otra patología. El diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda fue confirmado por los hallazgos quirúrgicos y la anatomía patológica. Resultados: En los hallazgos operatorios se encontró en 962 pacientes (90,6%) que tenían una apendicitis aguda. No hubo mortalidad postoperatoria. En relación a la morbilidad hubo un 2,2% de complicaciones médicas y un 16,3% de las quirúrgicas. El informe anatomopatológico mostró en 99 pacientes un apéndice cecal normal. Por lo tanto la incidencia de las apendicetomías negativas fue del 9,3 %. Conclusiones: La utilización del Score en relación a los hallazgos quirúrgicos y anatomopatológicos confirma que fue sensible a partir de 6 puntos para el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda.

Background: Acute appendicitis neither suspected nor diagnosed could develop a perforation or otherwise it would take to removing of a normal appendix. Objectives: Utilization of a clinical score system for aided diagnosis of this pathology and can reduce a negative appendicitis. Setting: National Clinicas Hospital. Córdoba. Argentina. Design: Prospective and protocoled study. Methods: 1119 patients were studied between August 2000 and December 2015. 588 males and 531 females their age average was 25.3 years. Alvarado score was realized in all patients when they entered. According clinic and second valuation with the score surgical exploration was decided in 1061 (94,8 %) patients. The remaining 58 (5,18 %) were excluded due to other pathology. The diagnosis in acute appendicitis was confirmed by surgical finding and histopathology studies. Results: In surgical finding we showed 962 patients (90,6%) had acute appendicitis. There was no operative mortality. Respects morbidity there was 2,2 % of medical and 16,3 % of surgical complications. The anatomo pathology report showed a normal cecal appendix in 99. Whereas the incidence of negative appendicectomy was about 9,3 %. Conclusions: The utilization of score related to the surgical and anatomo pathology finding confirmed it was appreciable from 6 points to acute appendicitis diagnosis.