[Improving renal cancer care].

The article reviews the rates of incidence, late diagnosis and mortality from kidney cancer in Primorsky Krai. The authors address the issues of improving primary and specialized medical care by introducing a three-level health care system and restructuring of hospital beds. They propose a new medical technology for assessing the individual risk of kidney cancer and present a program of measures and organizational modules for prevention, early diagnosis and reduction of mortality from kidney cancer.

[Renal cancer in the Primorye Territory. Risk factors].

The epidemiological study in Vladivostok and Primorye Territory in period 1999 to 2013 was performed. In the structure of cancer incidence at the evaluated areas, renal cancer occupies fifth place among male population (5.7 and 5.3%, respectively), and 11th place (3.5%) among female population. The problem of renal cancer in this region and the administrative center is relevant due to the increasing incidence: a standardized measures in the period of 2009-2013 were 12.5 ± 0.3 and 11.7 ± 0.50/0000, respectively. The Increase of the incidence can be explained by the integrating influence of complex of changing demographics and health, social, hygienic and other factors. The questionnaire survey has become one of the main methods to identify risk factors for the development of the disease. Risk factors for renal cancer were identified by the case-control method. 231 patients with renal cancer (mean age 58.2 ± 1.7 years) and 354 healthy men and women (mean age 57.4 ± 2.2 years) underwent questionnaire survey. Specific risk factors for renal cancer were identified: migration (OR = 1.6, P = 0.0149); low socio-economic status (secondary-level education, income per family member less than 10,000 rubles, OR = 1.5, P = 0.0349); started smoking before 18 years of age (OR = 1.5, P = 0.0349); trade with physical activity and occupational hazards (car drivers, sailors, house-painters, OR = 2.0, P = 0.0000); occupational hazard: contact with oil products (OR = 1.6, P = 0.0262), contact with lead, asbestos, dyes (OR = 3.5, P = 0.0000); length of time worked with occupational hazard over 5 years (OR = 1.6, P = 0.0126); occupational hazard in the form of an underground work (OR = 8.0, P = 0.0000) and the presence of large amounts of dust (OR = 1.2, P = 0.0381); location of industrial enterprises within 2 kilometers from homesite (OR = 2.5, P = 0.0000). Based on the identified risk factors, predictive model for the assessment of individual risk and the formation of groups at risk for renal cancer was developed.

[The epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma in the regions of Siberia and the Far East (1994-2008)].

The article presents the results of an epidemiological study of territorial and temporal characteristics of incidence of renal cell carcinoma in population of Siberia and the Far East, taking into account age and gender. In the average, regional incidence of renal cell carcinoma in men was 10.6 +/- 0.1 per hundred thousand; in women--5.6 +/- 0.1 per hundred thousand. During the years 1994-2008, incidence increased by 1.4 times in male and female population. Based on the results of analysis, territories at-risk of renal cell carcinoma were identified--Omsk and Irkutsk regions. The incidence of renal cell carcinoma in child population was also evaluated. Peak incidence at the age of 4 years was revealed; in 2004-2008 it amounted to 1.72 +/- 0.32 per hundred thousand, which in turn has led to the fact that renal cell carcinoma took 2nd place (13.2%) in malignant tumors in this age group after hematological malignancies. The highest incidence and its high growth in infants during the study period were revealed in Kamchatka, Amur and Sakhalin regions.