RESUMO
Obtaining informed consent for commonly performed ICU procedures is often compromised by variability in communication styles and inadequate verbal descriptions of anatomic concepts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an audiovisual module in improving the baseline knowledge of ICU procedures among patients and their caregivers. DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. SETTING: Forty-eight-bed adult surgical ICU at a tertiary care center. SUBJECTS: Critically ill surgical patients and their legally authorized representatives. INTERVENTIONS: An audiovisual module describing eight commonly performed ICU procedures. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Fifty-nine subjects were enrolled and completed an 11-question pre- and postvideo test of knowledge regarding commonly performed ICU procedures and a brief satisfaction survey. Twenty-nine percent had a healthcare background. High school was the highest level of education for 37% percent of all subjects. Out of 11 questions on the ICU procedure knowledge test, subjects scored an average 8.0 ± 1.9 correct on the pretest and 8.4 ± 2.0 correct on the posttest (p = 0.055). On univariate logistic regression, having a healthcare background was a negative predictor of improved knowledge (odds ratio, 0.185; 95% CI, 0.045-0.765), indicating that those with a health background had a lower probability of improving their score on the posttest. Among subjects who did not have a healthcare background, scores increased from 7.7 ± 1.9 to 8.3 ± 2.1 (p = 0.019). Seventy-five percent of all subjects indicated that the video was easy to understand, and 70% believed that the video improved their understanding of ICU procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Audiovisual modules may improve knowledge and comprehension of commonly performed ICU procedures among critically ill patients and caregivers who have no healthcare background.
RESUMO
The purpose of this study was to assess whether nutrients offered to border Mexican-American preschool children met the Recommended Dietary Allowances. Nutrient contents of two dietary patterns were examined in this study, one composed exclusively of home foods and one containing a combination of both home and school foods. The sample consisted of 198 Mexican-American preschoolers living on the Texas-Mexico border, who were recruited using a convenience sampling technique. A self-administered, precoded 24-hour recall questionnaire was used. Nutrient values of home foods were collected during a weekend day, and nutrient values containing a combination of both home and school foods were collected during a weekday. Fisher's exact test or chi2 test and t test were used for analyses. Mean nutrient contents of foods provided to the border Mexican-American children exceeded recommendations for total energy (P<0.001), total fat (P<0.001), saturated fat (P<0.001), carbohydrates (P<0.001), protein (P<0.001), sodium (P<0.001), and niacin (P<0.001). Foods offered were also significantly insufficient in fiber (P<0.001), vitamin A (P<0.001), and potassium (P<0.001). Nutrition interventions targeting low-income border Mexican-American families should emphasize the need and importance of providing children with diets that meet the Recommended Dietary Allowances.
