RESUMO
Background: The government of Saudi Arabia implemented a law to enforce the law and regulations prohibiting the dispensing of antibiotics without a prescription, and studies have been conducted to assess the impact of such a law in Saudi Arabia. However, the extent to which law enforcement has changed the perceptions and attitudes of health care professionals, mainly physicians, toward antibiotic resistance is unknown in Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyad, Saudi Arabia, on 378 physicians. These physicians were mainly working in primary care centers. An online questionnaire was sent to the physicians, and it consisted of 35 items and was divided into four sections: 6 items were on sociodemographic characteristics of participants; 13 items were on the knowledge of physicians about antibiotic resistance; 8 items were on the attitude the physicians toward enforcement law, and the final 8 items were on the attitude the patients toward enforcement law in an outpatient setting. Results: Around 90% of the physicians acknowledged that physicians should stop prescribing antibiotics without indication. About 29.1 % of the physicians agreed, and 56.3% showed strong agreement that law enforcement is for the patient's benefit. Similarly, 33.6% agreed, and 50.8% strongly agreed that law enforcement limits the resistance of bacteria. Around 24.3% of the patients disagreed, and 23% strongly disagreed that law enforcement does not affect anything. Around one-third of the physicians (34.4%) agreed, and 23.5% strongly agreed that the new regulation of law enforcement of antibiotic prescription increases public awareness regarding the misuse of antibiotics. Conclusion: It seems that law enforcement has impacted the knowledge and attitude of physicians as they agree with law enforcement and its associated benefits for patients. They also acknowledged that law enforcement could limit the resistance to bacteria. However, not all physicians agree that law enforcement has an effect on anything, and new regulation of antibiotic prescription law increases public awareness regarding the misuse of antibiotics.
RESUMO
Background During and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a significant increase in the demand for aesthetic procedures nationwide. We believe that one of the factors contributing to this increase was the use of video conferencing apps. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the aesthetic concerns that were identified by video conferencing. Methodology In Saudi Arabia, an observational, cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April, 2022. An online survey was used to assess the aesthetic concerns raised by video conferencing. The survey addressed multiple aspects, including demographic data, information on video call utilization, the attentional focus of the participants during video calls, and new appearance concerns identified on video calls. Results The survey successfully captured 432 adult participants. More than 85% of participants disliked at least one character of their appearance during video conferencing. The skin color type (based on the Fitzpatrick scale), time spent on video calls, and visual focus during the virtual meeting were significantly correlated with self-perception of new disliked features. Conclusion Video conferencing showed a significant statistical correlation with identified disliked facial/body features in both genders. People with skin color type III were less likely to perceive a disliked feature through video conferencing applications. The likelihood of having a disliked feature was significantly higher among individuals who spent up to one hour per day using video calls. Additionally, those who mainly paid attention to their face or body during virtual meetings were more likely to have disliked features.
