RESUMO
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive tumors in the brain with high mortality worldwide. Despite recent advances in therapeutic strategies, the survival rate remains low in patients with GBM. The pathogenesis of GBM is a very complicated process involving various genetic mutations affecting several oncogenic signaling pathways like Wnt/ß-catenin axis. Overactivation of the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway is associated with decreased survival and poor prognosis in patients with GBM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were shown to play important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis by modulating the expression of their target genes. Aberrant expression of miRNAs were reported in various human malignancies including GBM, breast, colorectal, liver, and prostate cancers, but little is known about their cellular mechanisms. Therefore, recognition of the expression profile and regulatory effects of miRNAs on the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway may offer a novel approach for the classification, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of patients with GBM. This review summarizes previous data on the modulatory role of miRNAs on the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway implicated in tumorigenesis of GBM.
Assuntos
Glioblastoma , MicroRNAs , Masculino , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Glioblastoma/genética , Glioblastoma/patologia , Via de Sinalização Wnt/genética , beta Catenina/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Carcinogênese/genética , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Proliferação de Células/fisiologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão GênicaRESUMO
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, associated with high morbidity and mortality, and represents a significant public health crisis worldwide. Despite recent efforts for developing novel antiviral agents, no specific drugs are approved for the management and treatment of COVID-19. The immune responses to viral infection followed by cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome are serious issues that may cause death in patients with severe COVID-19. Therefore, developing a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of COVID-19 is urgently needed to control the virus spread and to improve the patient survival rate and clinical outcomes. In this mini-review, we summarize the symptoms, pathogenesis, and therapeutic approaches currently being used to manage the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Assuntos
Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , COVID-19/diagnóstico , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. Recently, uncontrolled expression of microRNAs was detected in several human disorders like cardiovascular, neurological, intestinal and autoimmunity diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now investigated as novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for several solid tumors like breast, lung, and gastrointestinal cancers. Current data suggest that miRNAs are implicated in various oncogenic processes implicated in breast cancer carcinogenesis trough modulating canonical Wnt pathway. Aberrant activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling was shown to be significantly associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. This review presents recent findings on the molecular mechanism of microRNAs in regulation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling involved in tumorigenesis of breast cancer.