RESUMO
We describe colistin-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from cerebrospinal fluid, belonging to ST423, selected during treatment for neuroinfection. Colistin resistance was related to mgrB gene interruption by an IS5-like.
Assuntos
Colistina/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Infecções por Klebsiella/microbiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae , beta-Lactamases/genética , DNA Bacteriano/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Mutagênese Insercional/genéticaRESUMO
Intercellular junctions play a role in regulating islet cytoarchitecture, insulin biosynthesis and secretion. In this study, we investigated the animal metabolic state as well as islet histology and cellular distribution/expression of CAMs and F-actin in the endocrine pancreas of C57BL/6/JUnib mice fed a high-fat diet (HFd) for a prolonged time period (8 months). Mice fed a HFd became obese and type 2 diabetic, displaying significant peripheral insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and moderate hyperinsulinemia. Isolated islets of HFd-fed mice displayed a significant impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion associated with a diminished frequency of intracellular calcium oscillations compared with control islets. No marked change in islet morphology and cytoarchitecture was observed; however, HFd-fed mice showed higher beta cell relative area in comparison with controls. As shown by immunohistochemistry, ZO-1, E-, N-cadherins, α- and ß-catenins were expressed at the intercellular contact site of endocrine cells, while VE-cadherin, as well as ZO-1, was found at islet vascular compartment. Redistribution of N-, E-cadherins and α-catenin (from the contact region to the cytoplasm in endocrine cells) associated with increased submembranous F-actin cell level as well as increased VE-cadherin islet immunolabeling was observed in diabetic mice. Increased gene expression of VE-cadherin and ZO-1, but no change for the other proteins, was observed in islets of diabetic mice. Only in the case of VE-cadherin, a significant increase in islet content of this CAM was detected by immunoblotting in diabetic mice. In conclusion, CAMs are expressed by endocrine and endothelial cells of pancreatic islets. The distribution/expression of N-, E- and VE-cadherins as well as α-catenin and F-actin is significantly altered in islet cells of obese and diabetic mice.
Assuntos
Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Insulina/metabolismo , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Animais , Caderinas/análise , Caderinas/metabolismo , Cateninas/análise , Cateninas/metabolismo , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/análise , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patologia , Secreção de Insulina , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteína da Zônula de Oclusão-1/análise , Proteína da Zônula de Oclusão-1/metabolismoAssuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Carbapenêmicos/farmacologia , Enterobacter/efeitos dos fármacos , Enterobacter/enzimologia , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiologia , Resistência beta-Lactâmica , beta-Lactamases/metabolismo , Brasil , Enterobacter/genética , Enterobacter/isolamento & purificação , Genótipo , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , beta-Lactamases/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Qnr-mediated quinolone resistance is increasingly detected worldwide, but few studies have been carried out so far in Brazil. The aim of this study was to test for qnr determinants in isolates of ciprofloxacin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS: Fifteen ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates from urine cultures of hospitalized patients at a university hospital in North-East Brazil were investigated. Specific PCRs were performed for blaCTX-M and blaTEM, qnr, and class 1 integrons. Plasmid analyses and sequence type (ST) determination were performed, as described previously. RESULTS: The KP 930 isolate showed qnrA1 and blaTEM-1, together with dfrA12 and aadA2 in a class 1 integron. The qnr gene was located in a 133-kb plasmid. Multilocus sequence typing classified the isolate as ST147. CONCLUSIONS: We identified the combination of qnr with ST147 in Brazil; this is a clone that has disseminated widely and successfully in Latin America. The purpose of describing Qnr-mediated quinolone resistance in North-East Brazil is to draw attention to the spread of this mechanism in the country.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Ciprofloxacina/farmacologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Plasmídeos/genética , Adulto , Brasil , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos/genética , Feminino , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , Integrons , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Two new examples of OXA-72-producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolate resistant to a broad spectrum of antimicrobials, but not polymyxin B, have been identified in Recife, Brazil. Molecular typing indicated a close genetic link with the OXA-72-producing A. baumannii previously isolated in São Paulo, suggesting the possibility of clonal dissemination within the country.
Assuntos
Infecções por Acinetobacter/microbiologia , Acinetobacter baumannii/enzimologia , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolamento & purificação , Tipagem Molecular , beta-Lactamases/metabolismo , Infecções por Acinetobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Acinetobacter/transmissão , Acinetobacter baumannii/classificação , Acinetobacter baumannii/efeitos dos fármacos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição de RiscoAssuntos
Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Klebsiella/microbiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Plasmídeos , beta-Lactamases/genética , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Brasil , Escherichia coli/classificação , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Infecções por Escherichia coli/complicações , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Infecções por Klebsiella/complicações , Klebsiella pneumoniae/classificação , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
In Brazil, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are closely related to the São Paulo metallo-β-lactamase (SPM) Brazilian clone. In this study, imipenem-resistant isolates were divided in two sets, 2002/2003 and 2008/2009, analysed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and tested for the Ambler class B metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes blaSPM-1, blaIMP and blaVIM. The results show a prevalence of one clone related to the SPM Brazilian clone in 2002/2003. In 2008/2009, P. aeruginosa isolates were mostly MBL negative, genetically diverse and unrelated to those that had been detected earlier. These findings suggest that the resistance to carbapenems by these recent P. aeruginosa isolates was not due to the spread of MBL-positive SPM-related clones, as often observed in Brazilian hospitals.
Assuntos
Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Imipenem/farmacologia , Infecções por Pseudomonas/microbiologia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistência beta-Lactâmica/genética , Brasil , Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos por Disco-Difusão , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Genótipo , Hospitais de Ensino , Fenótipo , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzimologia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genéticaRESUMO
In Brazil, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are closely related to the São Paulo metallo-ß-lactamase (SPM) Brazilian clone. In this study, imipenem-resistant isolates were divided in two sets, 2002/2003 and 2008/2009, analysed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and tested for the Ambler class B metallo-ß-lactamase (MBL) genes blaSPM-1, blaIMP and blaVIM. The results show a prevalence of one clone related to the SPM Brazilian clone in 2002/2003. In 2008/2009, P. aeruginosa isolates were mostly MBL negative, genetically diverse and unrelated to those that had been detected earlier. These findings suggest that the resistance to carbapenems by these recent P. aeruginosa isolates was not due to the spread of MBL-positive SPM-related clones, as often observed in Brazilian hospitals.