Craving inclusion: a systematic review on the experiences and needs of people with disability eating out.

Purpose: To systematically review the research relating to views and experiences of people with disability eating out in cafés, restaurants, and other settings; and identify factors that impede or enhance accessibility of eating out experiences, inform future inclusive research, and guide policy development.Materials and Methods: This study involved systematic search and review procedures with qualitative metasynthesis of the barriers to and facilitators for participation and inclusion in eating/dining-out activities. In total, 36 studies were included.Results: Most studies reviewed related to people with physical or sensory disability eating out, with few studies examining the dining experiences of adults with intellectual or developmental disability, swallowing disability, or communication disability. People with disability encountered negative attitudes and problems with physical and communicative access to the venue. Staff lacked knowledge of disability. Improvements in the design of dining spaces, consultation with the disability community, and staff training are needed.Conclusion: People with disability may need support for inclusion in eating out activities, as they encounter a range of barriers to eating out. Further research within and across both a wide range of populations with disability and eating out settings could guide policy and practice and help develop training for hospitality staff.

Some people with disability require support for increased self-determination and self-advocacy to access eating out experiences satisfactorily.Goals and strategies to increase access and participation in eating out activities for people with disability should include attention to the environment and hospitality venues and to staff training.Rehabilitation professionals have a role in training hospitality staff about disability access and inclusion in eating out activities.To enhance community inclusion and participation, rehabilitation professionals could focus more on the skills and strategies needed for people with disability to participate in eating out activities.Rehabilitation professionals could implement a range of facilitators that might strengthen participation in eating out activities for people with disability.

Monstrous infants and vampyric mothers in Bram Stoker's "Dracula".

Bram Stoker's "Dracula" continues to fascinate and horrify audiences, inviting a psychoanalytic explanation. While previous interpretations have emphasized oedipal dynamics and perverse sexuality, this paper proposes that early developmental issues are central. Vampires and the state of being "undead" are representations of intense oral needs, experienced in a context of passivity and helplessness. Aggressive invasion and possession of the other, with a colonization of body and soul, offer a solution to this dilemma but one devoid of true object-relatedness. The imaginative source of the Dracula figure is posited as Stoker's early invalidism and his later idealization of a powerful and charismatic actor. Implicit in the Dracula story are ideas of intrusively experienced "monstrous" babies and intrusively controlling "vampyric mothers". The author offers studies of key passages from "Dracula" in support of this reading, followed by comparative material to illustrate the spectrum of vampyric mothering: a clinical example and excerpts from a modern novel. The horror of the vampire myth is located in the unending internal attachment to a deeply needed but problematic object.