Physicians' experiences with reporting domestic violence against women: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: Domestic violence, including violence against women, is a global public health concern with significant implications for women's health and well-being. Despite its prevalence, healthcare providers often face barriers when reporting cases of domestic violence. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of reporting domestic violence against women by physicians and to explore the barriers to reporting. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire distributed to physicians from various specialties. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic information, physicians' experiences with domestic violence cases, and barriers to reporting. RESULTS: The study included 400 physicians. Approximately 39.8% of physicians reported encountering cases of domestic violence, with 33.0% documenting such cases. Reporting rates varied among occupational levels, with specialists (50.85%) and consultants (38.78%) reporting more frequently than general practitioners (16.67%) and residents (28.93%). Physicians with over 10 years of experience were more likely to report (49.40%, p = 0.001). Among the various categories of barriers examined, a lower score in physician-related barriers was the only category significantly associated with higher reporting rates (p < 0.01). However, health administration- and victim-related barriers were not significant factors in reporting. CONCLUSION: This study highlights variations in reporting rates among medical specialties and underscores the positive impact of physician experience on reporting domestic violence cases. Addressing physician-related barriers and promoting a reporting culture are crucial steps toward combating domestic violence in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare providers play a vital role in identifying and addressing this public health issue.

Evaluating Night-Eating Syndrome in bariatric surgery patients: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Night-Eating Syndrome (NES) is a complex eating disorder that has gained recognition in the context of bariatric surgery. However, its prevalence and associated factors in this specific patient population remain understudied, particularly in the Saudi Arabian context. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from June to November 2022. Adult patients who had undergone bariatric surgery with a postoperative follow-up of 6 months were included. NES was assessed using the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ). RESULTS: A total of 154 patients were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 38.8 ± 11.4 years. The mean BMI before surgery was 44.8 ± 8.2 kg/m2, which reduced to 28.9 ± 5.8 kg/m2 post-surgery. Of these, 52 patients (33.8%) met the criteria for NES based on NEQ scores. The prevalence of NES was significantly higher among female patients, with 35 out of 83 females (42.2%) compared to 17 out of 71 males (23.9%) experiencing NES. While NES was not significantly associated with age, nationality, diet adherence, BMI, or surgery type, chronic diseases-particularly diabetes-emerged as significant risk factors for NES in post-bariatric surgery patients. CONCLUSION: NES is a prevalent concern among post-bariatric surgery patients, with distinct associations with gender and chronic diseases, particularly diabetes. This study provides valuable insights into NES prevalence and its risk factors in the Saudi Arabian context, highlighting the importance of addressing eating disorders within the framework of bariatric surgery care.

Prevalence and Associations of Night Eating Syndrome Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Medical students often experience elevated stress levels and disrupted sleep patterns, increasing the risk of developing Night Eating Syndrome (NES). Depression is prevalent among medical students, further emphasizing the need for investigation. This study aims to explore the occurrence of NES and its associated factors, primarily focusing on depression, among medical students at a university in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study involving medical students, participants completed a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic details, the Night Eating Syndrome Questionnaire (NEQ) with 14 items, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) for depression screening. Results: The study involved 300 medical students, reflecting a diverse sample with an average age of 21.4 ± 1.9 years and a well-balanced distribution across academic years. Notably, 41 participants (13.7%) were identified as obese. Depression, as determined by PHQ-2 scores exceeding 3, was prevalent in 159 students (53.0%). A multivariable logistic regression analysis uncovered a significant independent association, revealing that being a second-year medical student was linked to depressive health conditions (odds ratio [OR]: 3.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24-10.10, p = 0.02). Exploring NES, 22 students (7.3%) scored above the NEQ threshold of 25, indicating its presence. Intriguingly, multivariable logistic regression illustrated that the sole independent factor associated with NES was the presence of depression (OR: 4.4, CI: 1.4-13.2, p = 0.01). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of NES was 7.3%, and it was found to be associated with depression in medical students. Additionally, being a second-year medical student was independently associated with depression. These findings underscore the importance of addressing mental health issues, including NES and depression, in medical students, particularly during the early stages of their training.

Parental Willingness and Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination for Children in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: The study aimed to examine the parents' willingness and its association with demographic factors, attitudes, and practices to vaccinate their child against COVID-19. Patients and Methods: The study involved 2500 participants from various regions of Saudi Arabia and was conducted between July 1, 2021, and August 31, 2021. Information was gathered via an online questionnaire comprising 26 questions, distributed across social media platforms. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before the commencement of the study. A chi-square test was applied to analyze the association among variables, utilizing a subset of 2127 participants based on study inclusion criteria. A chi-square test was applied to observe the association. Results: The willingness of parents to vaccinae their children against COVID-19 was found 61%. The main reason for taking was "Protect the child" by 1094 (51.4%%) and the main reason for refusing was "Side effects/safety concerns" by 477 (22.4%). 1846 (86.8%) participants, received the COVID-19 vaccine or were planning to receive it. Conclusion: Our study concluded that parent's willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 was relatively high in our sample as about two-thirds of them accept the vaccine for their child once it is available. The use of the health belief model demonstrated the urgent requirement for awareness and education campaigns in the private and public sectors to increase awareness of parents not only related to COVID-19 but also to cater to any unexpected or suspected pandemic of infectious disease in the future full capacity.

A 13-Year-Old Boy with Chest Wall Actinomycosis Mimicking Ewing Sarcoma on Imaging.

BACKGROUND Actinomyces, a filamentous, branching, anaerobic gram-positive bacillus, typically found as a commensal organism in the oral cavity, can lead to rare chronic bacterial infections in various anatomical regions. Chest wall involvement represents an uncommon presentation, posing significant diagnostic challenges. This report focuses on the case of a 13-year-old boy presenting with chest wall actinomycetoma that closely resembled Ewing sarcoma on imaging. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 13-year-old male with no previous medical history who presented to the Emergency Department with progressive left-sided chest pain following a sports-related fall. Physical examination revealed mild swelling and tenderness on the left anterior chest wall. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large tumor involving the lower left chest wall, suggesting Ewing sarcoma. However, a histopathological examination unexpectedly confirmed actinomycosis of the chest wall. Intravenous penicillin G was promptly initiated for 4 weeks. A follow-up CT scan after 4 weeks of therapy demonstrated a significant response with notable reduction in the size of the chest wall mass. The patient then continued with maintenance therapy using oral amoxicillin for 12 months. Throughout this period, complete resolution of the chest wall mass occurred, with no significant adverse events or complications observed. CONCLUSIONS This case highlights the importance of considering uncommon differential diagnoses like chest wall actinomycosis in patients presenting with chest wall masses. The diagnostic complexities associated with this rare condition emphasize the need for a comprehensive evaluation strategy, incorporating histopathological examination and imaging.

Herpes zoster vaccine awareness and acceptance among adults in Saudi Arabia: a survey-based cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster (shingles) is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. Despite the recommended herpes zoster vaccine for individuals aged ≥ 50 years, its uptake remains low in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study assessed knowledge and awareness of herpes zoster and its vaccine in individuals aged ≥ 50 years in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through an online survey distributed via social media. RESULTS: Among 402 participants, 57.2% had heard of the shingles vaccine, but only 7.7% received it. However, 53.2% expressed willingness to be vaccinated. Multivariable analysis revealed that those aged 56-60 were 1.8 times more likely to accept the vaccine than those aged 50-55 years (p = 0.03). Men were 1.9 times more likely to accept the vaccine than women (p = 0.01). Additionally, participants with a primary education were 16.1 times more likely to accept the vaccine than those with a higher education (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the need for increased awareness and education among healthcare providers and the public in Saudi Arabia regarding shingles and its vaccine. The low vaccine uptake calls for effective strategies, such as awareness campaigns and provider reminders. Primary education and vaccine hesitancy influence willingness to be vaccinated.

This study aimed to understand how much people in Saudi Arabia know about shingles (herpes zoster) and the vaccine to prevent it. Shingles is a viral infection caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox. After having chickenpox, the virus can stay in the body and reactivate later in life, causing shingles. We conducted an online survey among adults aged 50 years and above to gather information. Many people had heard about shingles, but their knowledge about it was limited. Healthcare providers were not a significant source of information for most participants, showing the need for more awareness and education from healthcare professionals. We also looked at people's attitudes towards the shingles vaccine. Only a small percentage of participants had received the vaccine, but many expressed willingness to get vaccinated. However, certain factors like age, gender, and education level influenced people's willingness to take the vaccine. The low vaccine uptake is concerning because shingles can lead to serious health problems. To increase vaccine acceptance, we suggest implementing awareness campaigns and providing reminders to people and healthcare providers. It's also important to address concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy. In conclusion, our study showed the need for more awareness and education about shingles and its vaccine among adults in Saudi Arabia. By addressing the barriers to vaccine uptake and promoting its benefits, we can reduce the burden of shingles and its complications in the older population.

Occupational stress in healthcare workers at a university hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: Occupational stress can be caused by a heavy workload, insecurity, or poor relationships with coworkers or supervisors. Previous research has showed a significant prevalence of stress in healthcare personnel. This study's aim was to identify health-care professionals at risk of occupational stress and determine the factors that may cause it. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare workers at a university hospital, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire solicited information on participants' demographic data including the Workplace Stress Scale, questions on their relationships with colleagues, lack of equipment, job insecurity at the workplace, changing shift patterns, job satisfaction, availability of time to rest and relax, social and family problems, responsibilities, social support, rational/cognitive coping, doctor-patient relationship, and role overload. SPSS was used for data analysis; initial analysis included descriptive statistics, and t-test chi-square test. Multiple linear regression analysis used to identify factors associated with workplace stress. RESULTS: About 78% of the participants were 25-35 years old, 54% were males, and 60% were physicians. Working a shift reduced the job stress index by a statistically significant amount. However, longer working hours, higher education, and having many children contributed to higher job stress; in terms of severity, a good educational level and having many children marginally increased the risk whereas having shifts decreased the job stress. In terms of the absence of organizational support, it was discovered that having many children, a high educational level, and long working hours per day boosted it, although working a shift had a negative correlation. CONCLUSION: There is a need for continued administrative assistance and appropriate training programs to deal with potentially stressful situations at health facilities.

The Use of Internet and Social Media for Health Information and Its Consequences Among the Population in Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: The Internet is being increasingly used in our lives. Along with Internet use, social media sites are especially popular and are used by many people on a daily basis. Many studies were conducted to see the people's perception and their attitude towards the use of the Internet for health information. Such studies were also carried out in Saudi Arabia, but most have been limited to a specific target sample of the population. Our study aimed to assess the perception towards and use of different platforms and search engines to seek health information in Saudi Arabia. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia during the year 2021. An Arabic online questionnaire using Google forms was sent to a randomized sample. Microsoft Excel 2016 was used for data entry, and statistical analysis was performed using IBM© SPSS© Statistics version 25 (IBM© Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). RESULT: Among the 1363 participants, 56.2% were females and 43.8% were males with a mean age of 30.73 ± 12.3. The majority were living in Western region. The most used social media platforms were WhatsApp (91.5%), YouTube (84.6%), and Twitter (82.6%), respectively. The most common medical websites browsed were the Saudi Ministry of Health (67%) and the Food and Drug Administration (54.4%). Some 40.1% of the participants had a medical consultation online from a doctor, and most of them (67.8%) trusted the online physician. Finally, most of the participants (90.9%) thought that health information on the Internet or social media contributes to raising the level of health awareness among the general population. There was a significant relationship between educational level and gender and online health-seeking behavior (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study reinforced that health information that is sought from the Internet and social media platforms has a great impact on the population, emphasizing the need for credible information sources and how to access them.

Comparative Study of 2 Skin Incisions for Microscopic Lumbar Discectomy.

OBJECTIVE: Microscopic lumbar discectomy is a common minimally invasive surgery. A transverse skin incision has sound theoretical cosmetic advantages compared with the classic vertical incision. We compared transverse and vertical skin incisions for microscopic discectomy regarding cosmetic outcome, postoperative pain, and the provided surgical cutaneous inlet. METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 86 patients who were randomly assigned to a vertical incision group or a transverse incision group. The maximum surgical cutaneous inlet provided was measured in 2 diameters. Pain was recorded on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7 using a numeric patient rating scale from 0 to 10 with 0 indicating no pain. The cosmetic appearance of the wound was evaluated by a plastic surgeon and by the patients as excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor. RESULTS: Compared with vertical incisions, transverse incisions provide similar surgical cutaneous inlets, cause higher pain scores on postoperative days 1 and 3 but a similar score on postoperative day 7, and ensure significantly better wound cosmesis. CONCLUSIONS: Transverse skin incision for microscopic lumbar discectomy is an applicable alternative to classic midline or paramedian vertical incision with better esthetic results.