RESUMO
Single-molecule electrical junctions possess a molecular core connected to source and drain electrodes via anchor groups, which feed and extract electricity from specific atoms within the core. As the distance between electrodes increases, the electrical conductance typically decreases, which is a feature shared by classical Ohmic conductors. Here we analyze the electrical conductance of cycloparaphenylene (CPP) macrocycles and demonstrate that they can exhibit a highly nonclassical increase in their electrical conductance as the distance between electrodes increases. We demonstrate that this is due to the topological nature of the de Broglie wave created by electrons injected into the macrocycle from the source. Although such topological states do not exist in isolated macrocycles, they are created when the molecule is in contact with the source. They are predicted to be a generic feature of conjugated macrocycles and open a new avenue to implementing highly nonclassical transport behavior in molecular junctions.
RESUMO
Controlling the orientation of complex molecules in molecular junctions is crucial to their development into functional devices. To date, this has been achieved through the use of multipodal compounds (i.e., containing more than two anchoring groups), resulting in the formation of tri/tetrapodal compounds. While such compounds have greatly improved orientation control, this comes at the cost of lower surface coverage. In this study, we examine an alternative approach for generating multimodal compounds by binding multiple independent molecular wires together through metal coordination to form a molecular bundle. This was achieved by coordinating iron(II) and cobalt(II) to 5,5'-bis(methylthio)-2,2'-bipyridine (L1) and (methylenebis(4,1-phenylene))bis(1-(5-(methylthio)pyridin-2-yl)methanimine) (L2) to give two monometallic complexes, Fe-1 and Co-1, and two bimetallic helicates, Fe-2 and Co-2. Using XPS, all of the complexes were shown to bind to a gold surface in a fac fashion through three thiomethyl groups. Using single-molecule conductance and DFT calculations, each of the ligands was shown to conduct as an independent wire with no impact from the rest of the complex. These results suggest that this is a useful approach for controlling the geometry of junction formation without altering the conductance behavior of the individual molecular wires.
RESUMO
The experimental investigation of side-chain effects on intramolecular charge transport in π-conjugated molecules is essential but remains challenging. Herein, the dependence of intra-molecular conductance on the nature of branching alkyl chains is investigated through a combination of the scanning tunneling microscope break junction (STM-BJ) technique and density functional theory. Three thiophene-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives with different branching alkyl chains (isopentane, 3-methylheptane, and 9-methylnonadecane) are used with phenylthiomethyl groups as the anchoring groups. The results of single-molecule conductance measurements show that as the alkyl chain becomes longer, the torsional angles between the aromatic rings increase due to steric crowding, and therefore, the molecular conductance of DPP decreases due to reduction in conjugation. Both theoretical simulations and 1 H NMR spectra demonstrate that the planarity of the DPPs is directly reduced after introducing longer branching alkyl chains, which leads to a reduced conductance. This work indicates that the effect of the insulating side chain on the single-molecule conductance cannot be neglected, which should be considered for the design of future organic semiconducting materials.
RESUMO
Manipulating the connectivity of external electrodes to central rings of carbon-based molecules in single molecule junctions is an effective route to tune their thermoelectrical properties. Here we investigate the connectivity dependence of the thermoelectric properties of a series of thiophene-diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivative molecules using density functional theory and tight-binding modeling, combined with quantum transport theory. We find a significant dependence of electrical conductance on the connectivity of the two thiophene rings attached to the DPP core. Interestingly, for connectivities corresponding to constructive quantum interference (CQI), different isomers obtained by rotating the thiophene rings possess the same electrical conductance while those corresponding to destructive quantum interference (DQI) show huge conductance variations upon ring rotation. Furthermore, we find that DQI connectivity leads to enhanced Seebeck coefficients, which can reach 500-700 µV/K. After including the contribution to the thermal conductance from phonons, the full figure of merit (ZT) for the CQI molecules could reach 1.5 at room temperature and it would further increase to 2 when temperature elevates to 400 K. Finally, we demonstrate that doping with tetracyanoquinodimethane can change the sign of the Seebeck coefficients by forming a charge-transfer system with the DPP.
