Intraoperative diagnosis of seminoma in a man with cryptorchidism and Klinefelter Syndrome planning for m-TESE: A case report.

Undescended testes are more likely to undergo malignant transformation than normally descended testes. We present the case of a 33-year-old male smoker who had been suffering from primary infertility for 4 years. This patient had bilateral undescended testes and a frozen section specimen revealed seminoma. In this report, we discussed how important it is to use a combination of different diagnosis modalities to reach a diagnosis.

Evaluation of aromatherapy with lavender oil on academic stress: A randomized placebo controlled clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: Academic stress is prevalent among pharmacy students. Several factors such as hectic schedules, courses and exam load as well as lack of recreational time during semester have been reported as determinants of academic stress. Studies revealed; the use of aroma oils especially with relaxant properties may help ease stress. METHODS: This study aimed to investigate the effect of lavender oil on academic stress during exams in pharmacy students. A randomized-single-blind placebo-controlled trial providing aromatherapy with lavender oil as an intervention was conducted in male pharmacy students. The outcomes assessed included stress, stool pattern, headache and vital signs that comprised of systolic, diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and heart rate (HR). The study was approved from concerned authority and registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT#03460626). RESULTS: The placebo and experimental group showed a significant (p < 0.01) difference in stress score (F = 244.865, p < 0.0001), headache VAS score (F = 8.187, p < 0.0001), SBP (F = 11.141, p < 0.0001), DBP (F = 3.873, p < 0.001) and HR (F = 8.537, p < 0.0001); at during-exam time-point as compared to control group. No significance was achieved; among three treatment groups in stool pattern (F = 2.143, p > 0.05) and, at post-exam time-point (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Aromatherapy with lavender oil did not have any effect on academic stress. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered prospectively on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT#03460626) on 19th February 2018.