Association between maltreatment and polydrug use among adolescents.

Different studies have related sexual and physical abuse during childhood and adolescence to the development of substance abuse disorders. Nevertheless, we are not aware of the role that other more common maltreatment types, such as neglect, will play among the most risky pattern of consumption: the polydrug use. A clinical sample of 655 adolescents, divided into two groups: polydrug users and non-polydrug users, were assessed on their pattern of drug consumption, history of childhood maltreatment, current psychopathology and their family history of alcoholism. Polydrug users had a greater prevalence of all types of maltreatment, although the most associated to this group were sexual abuse and emotional neglect. Other relevant variables to adolescent consumption were: the diagnosis of depressive disorder, the presence of anxiety traits and the family history of alcohol dependence. Polydrug users have higher risks of having had problems during infancy and adolescence, such as maltreatment and other psychopathological conditions, with the addition of family history of alcoholism. Accordingly, practitioners should take into account that those variables may influence polydrug abuse because it is the most risky pattern for subsequent dependence of substances, and they should always be considered during treatment.

Trauma psíquico y psicosis. Implicaciones en la etiopatogenia, clínica, pronóstico y tratamiento / No disponible

El trauma infantil se ha asociado con enfermedadesmentales en la edad adulta, como trastornos de ansiedad,depresión, trastornos de personalidad, trastorno porestrés postraumático (TEPT), trastornos alimentarios ydependencia a drogas.Hay un interés creciente en el estudio de los factoresambientales en el desarrollo de esquizofrenia y trastornobipolar. Sin embargo no es hasta el 2004 cuandocomiezan a aparecer estudios con alta rigidez metodológicaen los cuales se analiza la relación entre trauma ypsicosis.Estudios previos ya habían detectado que los pacientescon comorbilidad entre trastorno mental grave(TMG) y TEPT, tienen un curso clinico y una peor evolución,más trastornos por abuso de alcohol y otras sustancias,más hospitalizaciones psiquiátricas, más tentativassuicidas y una peor reinseción laboral.Respecto al tratamiento los pacientes con comorbilidadTMG y TEPT existen pocos estudios. Se proponeincluir de forma rutinaria en la anamnesis los antecedentesde sucesos traumáticos(AU)

In many reports, childhood trauma (physic, psychologicaland sexual abuse), has been associated withadulthood’s mental diseases like anxiety disorders,depression, personality disorders, alcohol and otherdrugs abuse, stress posttraumatic disorder (SPTD) andeating disorders.Increassing interest in environmental factors in thedevelopment of bipolar dosorder and schizophreniahave been notes in recent reports. Otherwise untill 2004there are no accurate studies in which the relationshipbetween psychological trauma and severe mental illness(SMI) is analyzed.Previous studies just detected that SMI and SPTDcomorbidity had a worse clinical outcome , a higher frequencyof achohol and drug abuse, more hospital admisions,more suicide temptations and a poorer laboralreinsertion.Very few studies about SMI and SPTD comorbititytreatment have been reported and a prospect in the clinicalreview about a traumatic events is propossed(AU)