Effect of a Copaiba Oil-Based Dental Biomodifier on the Inhibition of Metalloproteinase in Adhesive Restoration.

AIM: This study sets out to evaluate the antiproteolytic activity of copaiba oil-based emulsion at the resin/dentin adhesive interface union formed with conventional and self-etching adhesives systems. METHODS: At in situ zymography, 30 teeth were sectioned 2 mm below the enamel-dentin junction; a smear layer was standardized and subdivided into four groups. Gelatin conjugated with fluorescein was used and taken to the fluorescence microscope for evaluation. In cytotoxicity, the Trypan Blue method was used at four different time points. The tested groups were (G1) control with distilled water; (G2) 2% chlorhexidine (CLX); (G3) emulsion based on copaiba oil (EC) 10% + X; (G4) 10% EC + Y; and (G5) EC 10% alkaline. The zymographic assay used the same groups described, but in 30 seconds and 10 and 20 minutes. HT1080 cells were incubated and submitted to electrophoresis. The gel was analyzed using ImageJ software. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used in the statistical analysis (p < 0.05). RESULTS: ECs showed higher cell viability in the cytotoxicity test and showed a significant difference in 10 and 20 minutes. In the zymographic assay, alkaline EC reduced 67% of MMP-2 activity and 44% of MMP-9 compared to 2% chlorhexidine. At in situ zymography in qualitative evaluation, all groups tested showed inhibition of activity in metalloproteinases. CONCLUSION: EC showed activity in the inhibition of metalloproteinases in vitro and in situ, especially the alkaline one. The survey shows the possibility of using ECs, a product from Amazonian biodiversity, as a biomodifier in dentistry.

Profile of Patients with Special Needs Assisted at a Brazilian University

Objective: To characterize the profile of patients with special needs assisted at a Dentistry School of a Brazilian University. Material and Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was carried out through the analysis of 329 dental records from individuals with special needs assisted at the Dentistry for Special Needs Patients discipline between 2012 and 2017. Data on gender, age, race, monthly family income, schooling, medical diagnosis of the disabling condition, drug used and type of dental procedures performed were reviewed. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Shapiro-Wilk and t-student tests) with 5% significance level. Results: There was higher prevalence of females (50.5%) aged 45-54 years (18.7%), low schooling (36.2%) and monthly income of 1 minimum wage (61.9%). Most special needs were chronic systemic diseases (67.2%) and endocrine-metabolic diseases (16.7%). Among patients investigated, 66.3% used anti-hypertensive (38.3%) and anti-inflammatory (20.6%) drugs. Of dental procedures performed, curative procedures were the most prevalent in the majority of patients (90.6%). Conclusion: The profile of most patients with special needs was characterized by females with chronic systemic diseases and mean age of 39.6 years, low schooling and monthly family income of up to 1 minimum wage, whose main reason for the visit was the search for curative dental treatment.

Agreement Between Reports of Parents and Children About Children's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life

Abstract Objective: To assess agreement between reports of parents and children about children's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Material and Methods: A total of 50 pairs of preschool-aged children, aged 5-6 years and their parents, who sought dental care at the Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Amazonas, answered the Brazilian version of the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5-year-old children (SOHO-5). SOHO-5 was completed through face-to-face independent interviews. A specific instrument containing information about demographics and socioeconomic conditions of children and their families was also applied to parents. Children's oral examinations were performed for the diagnosis of dental caries (dmft). The agreement between total and items scores was evaluated using the means comparison and the correlation analysis, calculated by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) Results: There was a significant difference between the means of parent-child reports in total scores (p=0.0028) and items associated with difficulty speaking (p=0.038) and difficulty playing (p=0.0034). Children reported worse OHRQoL than their caregivers, suggesting different perceptions between them. The ICC for the total score of parent-child reports was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.02-0.68). Higher SOHO-5 scores were found in children with dental caries experience Conclusion: Moderate agreement was observed, suggesting that the reports of parents should be complementary to those of preschool children about the OHRQoL, allowing the clinician to make the best treatment decision, according to the different views and expectations of both.

Molar-incisor hypomineralization in schoolchildren of Manaus, Brazil

To analyze the prevalence and severity of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and its relationship with dental caries in public school children in Manaus/AM.Material and Methods:Overall, 2,062 primary school children aged 6-10 years were examined to obtain MIH, DMFT, dmft and DDE indexes. The participation of five schools in each district of the city of Manaus was randomly determined, totaling 40 schools, and in each of them, two classes of each grade of elementary school in two shifts were selected, totaling 10 classes. Clinical examinations were conducted by two previously calibrated examiners in school environment under natural lighting. Data collected were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis by Chi-square, Fisher's Exact and Mann-Whitney tests at 5% significance level. Results:The prevalence of MIH in Manaus was 9.12% and no significant association with gender and age of schoolchildren was found. The mandibular arch was the most affected, with greaternumber of teeth being affected on the left side. The most frequently affected teeth were the mandibular permanent first molars, followed by maxillary counterparts and maxillary/mandibular central incisors. The most frequent diagnosis was mild MIH. The DMFT of children with MIH was 1.58 and dmft was 2.47, higher than those of the unaffected group. A correlation was found between DDE and MIH. Conclusion:Earlydiagnosis of MIH is imperative, since children affected show high risk for the development of dental caries...

Avaliação de erros em exames radiográficos intrabucais realizada por acadêmicos de odontologia/UFAM / Evaluation of errors in intraoral radiographs by students of dentistry/UFAM

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as radiografi as intrabucais realizadas no Setor de Radiologia, determinando o tipo de erro mais comum e relacionando-o com o tempo e região radiografada. Para tal, dois examinadores previamente calibrados entre si (Kappa= 0,83) observaram as radiografi as quanto ao erro de técnica e erro de processamento. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva e através teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Fisher, quando aplicável. Os resultados demonstraram que, do total de 281 radiografi as analisadas, em 224 (79,7%) foi identifi cado algum tipo de erro. Quanto aos erros de técnica, a maior porcentagem ocorreu por angulagem vertical incorreta em 79 (28,1%) e, dos erros de processamento, em 42 (14,9%) por manchas. Quando avaliada a relação do tipo de erro com a arcada radiografada, a angulagem vertical manteve-se como o erro mais comum na arcada superior em 58 (41,1%), porém, na arcada inferior, o erro mais comum foi por corte do dente/parte dele em 39 (35,5%). Quando avaliado tempo da disciplina e tipo de erro, observou-se diferença estatisticamente signifi cante entre o início e o término da Disciplina quanto à presença de erro de angulagem vertical (p=0,001). Pode-se concluir que o erro de técnica mais comum foi angulagem vertical e de processamento, radiografi as manchadas, havendo diminuição durante a prática do ensino

The aim of this study is to analyze the intraoral radiographs performed in the Radiology, determining the most common type of error and relating it to the time and region imaged. To this fi nality, two calibrated examiners together (Kappa = 0.83) observed radiographs as technical error and processing error. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test of Pearson and Fisher, when applicable. The results showed that from the total of 281 analyzed radiographs, in 224 (79.7%) was identifi ed some type of error. Among the errors of technique, the highest percentage was incorrect vertical angulation in 79 (28.1%), and processing errors, in 42 (14.9%) of spots. When evaluating the relationship of the type of error with the arcade imaged, the vertical angulation remained as the most common mistake in the upper 58 (41.1%), however, in the lower arch was the most common mistake by cutting the tooth / 39 part of it (35.5%). When measured time of discipline and type of error, there was a statistically signifi cant difference between the beginning and end of the Discipline for the presence of vertical angulation error (p = 0.001). It can be concluded that the most common errors were vertical angulation technique and processing, stained radiographs, with decreased during teaching practice

Avaliação in vitro da rugosidade superficial de cimentos de ionômero de vidro utilizados no tratamento restaurador atraumático / In vitro evaluation of the surface roughness of glass ionomer cements used in the atraumatic restorative treatment

Objetivo: Avaliar a rugosidade superficial de cimentos de ionômero de vidro utilizados para o Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART), sob duas formas de apresentação: encapsulado e pó-líquido (convencional). Método: Seis espécimes de cada material (G1: Fuji IX GP Fast - G.C. Co.; G2: Fuji IX - G.C. Co.; G3: Ketac Molar - 3M / ESPE; G4: Ketac Aplicap - 3M / ESPE; G5: Vidrion R - S.S. White e G6: Vidrion Caps - S.S. White) foram preparados seguindo recomendações dos fabricantes. Os materiais sob a forma pó-líquido foram dosados na proporção de uma gota de líquido para uma colher dosadora de pó. Para os materiais encapsulados, rompeu-se o lacre e eles foram ativados em amalgamador de cápsulas, por 8 segundos. Após a manipulação (manual ou mecânica) foram inseridos em matrizes metálicas e cobertos com tiras de matriz de poliéster, sob pressão com placa de vidro. Após o período de presa inicial, utilizou-se o rugosímetro Surft est 301 (Mitutoyo), em escala Ra, para avaliar a rugosidade superficial, sendo realizadas seis leituras para cada corpo-de-prova, três no eixo X e três no eixo Y. Os valores médios de rugosidade foram submetidos ao teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, com probabilidade estatística de 5%. Resultados: As médias da rugosidade superficial para cada grupo foram (Ra): Fuji IX GP Fast (0,18); Fuji IX (0,17); Ketac Aplicap (0,38); Ketac Molar (0,16); Vidrion Caps (1,76); Vidrion R (0,49), com p < 0,01. Conclusão: Houve tendência dos materiais encapsulados apresentarem maior rugosidade superficial quando comparados aos seus correspondentes na forma pó-líquido.

Objective: To evaluate the surface roughness of glass ionomer cements used in the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in two presentations: capsules and powder-liquid (conventional). Method: Six samples of each material (G1: Fuji IX GP Fast - G.C. Co.; G2: Fuji IX - G.C. Co.; G3: Ketac Molar - 3M / ESPE; G4: Ketac Aplicap - 3M / ESPE; G5: Vidrion R - S.S. White and G6: Vidrion Caps - S.S. White) were prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions. The conventional materials were used in a powder-to-liquid rati on of one drop of the liquid to one spoon of powder. For the encapsulated materials, the seal was broken and they were activated in a capsule amalgamator for 8 seconds. After mixing (manual or mechanical), the materials were included in metallic matrixes and covered with polyester strips that were maintained under pressure with glass plate. After the initial setting, the surface roughness was measured with roughness tester (Surft est 301, Mitutoyo) to obtain Ra values. Six roughness readings were made for each specimen, being three on the X axis and three on the Y axis. The mean roughness values were analyzed by the non-parametric Kruskal- Wallis test at 5%. Results: The mean surface roughness values (Ra) for each group were: Fuji IX GP Fast (0.18); Fuji IX (0.17); Ketac Aplicap (0.38); Ketac Molar (0.16); Vidrion Caps (1.76); Vidrion R (0.49) (p <0.01). Conclusion: The encapsulated materials tended to present higher surface roughness values when compared to their powder-liquid counterparts.