Personal and Environmental Predictors of Aggression in Adolescence.

This study aims to find causal factors of aggression in a group of Latino adolescents to achieve a greater understanding of human nature, taking into account personal and contextual variables. The fundamental hypothesis is that moral disengagement, personality traits, self-esteem, values, parenting, sex, and socioeconomic situation can function as possible casual factors of aggression in adolescents. The study examined the variables using the structural equations model (SEM) to determine causal factors of aggression in a sample of 827 adolescents (54% men and 46% women) between 11 and 16 years of age. According to the scientific literature review, sociodemographic, personal, and familiar variables were included in the causal model. The influence of the variables occurred in two ways: one that inhibits aggression and the other that reinforces it. The results are discussed based on identifying protective and risk factors against aggression: biological sex and values of conformity and transcendence as aggression's inhibitors and, on the other hand, openness, moral disengagement, and leadership values as the most important predictors of aggression.

Vínculo de apego que establecen padres con hijos nacidos de embarazos múltiples / Attachment that parents establish with born children of multiple pregnancies

Objetivo: Describir el vínculo de apego que establecen los padres (madre-padre) con sus hijos nacidos de embarazos múltiples. Materiales y métodos: Investigación descriptiva de corte cualitativo. La muestra la conformaron seis parejas pertenecientes a los estratos 5 y 6 de la ciudad de Barranquilla (seis madres y seis padres) con hijos múltiples (2 parejas de gemelos y 4 de trillizos), cuyas edades oscilaron entre 0 y 3 años. Se diseñó una entrevista semiestructurada, que contenía las categorías de análisis: Aceptación, Disponibilidad y Expresión de sentimientos. Este instrumento fue sometido a un proceso de validación por parte de jurados expertos y a la aplicación de una prueba piloto. Resultados: Las madres describieron la maternidad múltiple como “única” y “especial”; sin embargo, tendieron a mostrar ansiedad, miedos y preocupaciones durante el embarazo ante la idea de gestar varios hijos a la vez. Las inquietudes giraban principalmente alrededor del tema de la salud física y cognitiva de sus hijos. Los padres vivenciaron la gestación con diversos temores asociados a la salud de sus compañeras e hijos, y describieron la experiencia como difícil y atemorizante. Conclusiones: Las madres tienden a idealizar la maternidad y su rol como cuidadoras mucho más que los padres, además se caracterizan por atención excesiva y ansiosa a los requerimientos de los hijos...

Objective: Characterize the link of attachment that parents (mother-father) establish with born children of multiple pregnancies. Materials and Methods: The design of the investigation was descriptive. Six couples belonging to the Colombia’s 5 and 6 strata (Colombian system of classification by economic status) from the city of Barranquilla (six mothers and six fathers) with multiple children (2 pairs of identical twins and 4 of triplets) whose ages ranged between 0 and 3 years of age. A semi-structured interview was designed, that contained the analysis categories: Acceptance, Availability, and Feelings expression. This instrument was submitted into a process of validation by part of the expert jury and to the application of a pilot test. Results: The mothers described the multiple maternity as unique and special. Nevertheless, they tended to show anxiety, fears and worries during the pregnancy before the idea of preparing several children simultaneously. The worries were turning principally about the topic of the physical and cognitive health of their children. The parents lived the gestation with diverse dreads associated with the health of their couple and children, and they described the experience as hard, difficult and terrorizing. Conclusions: The mothers tend to idealize maternity and their role as caretakers much more than fathers do; in addition they are characterized by excessive and anxious attention to the requirements of the children...