RESUMO
Resveratrol is a natural phytoestrogen with antiproliferative properties present in red wine, grapes, and berries. Published reports on the effects of resveratrol in human endometrial function are limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of estrogen receptor α (ESR1), Ki-67 (a proliferative marker), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes (CYP1A1 and CYP1B1) in an in vitro and vivo assay. Alkaline phosphatase assay of estrogenicity was used to compare estrogen activity of different concentrations of resveratrol to estradiol (E2) and diethylstilbestrol (DES), using Ishikawa cell culture. Immunohistochemical expression of ESR1 and Ki67, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of AhR, CYP1A1, and CYP1B1 were analyzed from xenograft implants of human endometrial tissue in ovariectomized immunodeficient RAG-2-γ(c) mice, after 30 days of treatment with subcutaneous pellets of E2, E2 plus progesterone (P4), or E2 plus resveratrol (6, 30, or 60 mg) for 30 days. Compared to E2, resveratrol acted as an agonist and antagonist of estrogen in low and high concentrations, respectively, when combined with E2. Xenografts of human endometrial tissues in RAG-2 mice exhibited reduced expression of ESR1 and proliferative activity (Ki67) with 60 mg of resveratrol. This study suggests that resveratrol, at high doses, has the potential benefit to reduce proliferation of human endometrium through ESR1.
Assuntos
Endométrio/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoestrógenos/farmacologia , Estilbenos/farmacologia , Vinho , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Animais , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP1B1/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP1B1/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/deficiência , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Dietilestilbestrol/farmacologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Endométrio/transplante , Estradiol/farmacologia , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Feminino , Xenoenxertos , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Ovariectomia , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/genética , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/metabolismo , Resveratrol , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Ultrasonography in the emergency department is being used for many purposes, including the evaluation of patients with cardiac arrest. Ultrasound testing has been shown to be useful in such patients in determining the presence of true electromechanical dissociation and pericardial effusions. We report a case of ventricular fibrillation identified by ultrasonography that appeared as asystole on ECG monitoring. Recognition of this ultrasound application can aid in the prompt diagnosis of occult ventricular fibrillation and allow for proper treatment with defibrillation.
