[Risk factors associated with intrauterine growth restriction in newborns attended in a university hospital]. / Crecimiento intrauterino. (corrected) Factores para su restricción.

BACKGROUND: intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is related with neonatal morbidity and mortality. The detection and prenatal monitoring are necessary for an early intervention. The objective was to establish the prevalence and risk factors associated with intrauterine growth restriction in the university hospital Dr. José Eleuterio González. METHODS: we performed an observational, cross-sectional study, during the period from May 2009 to April 2010. The sample was divided into two groups, asymmetrical and symmetrical IUGR. RESULTS: the global prevalence of IUGR was 13.5 %. We included 464 patients, 324 (70 %) with asymmetric IUGR and 140 (30 %) with symmetric IUGR. The maternal variables were not statistically significant (p = ns) between groups. We found a mean weight at birth higher (2548 ± 437.33) in the symmetric IUGR group (p < 0.01), as well as a higher vaginal delivery rate (p < 0.05) as compared with the asymmetrical IUGR group. The overall mortality rate was higher in the asymmetric IUGR group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: prevalence of IUGR in our population is higher than that reported in the literature; there were more preterm infants and higher mortality in the asymmetric group.

[Comparison between two diagnostic tests for preterm rupture of membrane]. / Comparación entre dos pruebas diagnósticas de rotura prematura de membranas.

BACKGROUND: Rupture premature of membranes occurs in 8% of all births constituting one of main causes of prematurity. OBJECTIVE: Determine qualitatively the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone in vagina and used as diagnostic test to rupture of membranes. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We performed a study of diagnostic test observational, transverse, comparative, prospective, not blind type; in 175 healthy pregnant woman with 20 to 42 weeks of gestation, with suspicion of vaginal liquid outlet, at the Obstetrics Department Academic Hospital "Dr Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez" during the period of April 2009 to June 2011, crystallography and vaginal human chorionic gonadotropin hormone test were performed. RESULTS: We analyzed 175 patients, average age was 22.35 years old, was obtained sensibility and specificity of 98.90% y 77.38% to crystallography and 93.41% y 73.81% to vaginal human chorionic gonadotropin hormone test, with value positive predictive of 79.44% and value negative predictive of 91.18% for this last. CONCLUSIONS: Determine qualitatively the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone in vagina is a diagnostic test useful for detecting premature rupture of membranes has been shown to be as effective as crystallography.

Conceptos actuales sobre la evolución de los embarazos complicados con tuberculosis / Current concepts about evolution of tuberculous complicated pregnancies

La tuberculosis continúa siendo un problema de salud pública en muchos países, en la última década ha habido un resurgimiento a nivel mundial de esta infección, en el cual los países desarrollados se han visto involucrados. En la era anterior al advenimiento de la quimioterapia la TB avanzada tenía un pobre pronóstico para la madre y el producto, esta evolución cambió a partir de la aparición de medicamentos efectivos contra la infección. Actualmente se considera que las mujeres gestantes, si llevan un tratamiento adecuado, no sufrirán agravamiento de la enfermedad durante el embarazo; no obstante, la tuberculosis aún puede ocasionar un aumento en la morbimortalidad obstétrica y neonatal, sobre todo en mujeres originadas de países subdesarrollados o bien en aquéllos que no reciban un tratamiento antituberculoso adecuado. La TB congénita es poco frecuente pero es otro de los riesgos potenciales de la tuberculosis en mujeres embarazadas