RESUMO
The implications of extranodal extension (ENE) in oral carcinoma have been often related to prognosis and survival rates. The clinicopathologic predictive factors of this established prognostic factor were analyzed in this retrospective study. A total of 358 medical records of a single institution were screened. Primary outcome variable was ENE. Predictor variables were clinical tumour (cT) and nodal (cN) staging, tumour subsite, and pathologically tumour size, depth of invasion (DOI), lymph node ratio (LNR), presence, or absence of perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and mandibular involvement. After scrutinization, 216 records met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Presence of ENE was noted in 42.1% (91/216) of patients. In cN0 necks ENE was 34.7% which was statistically significant. The cut-off value for tumour size, DOI and LNR were, 7.28 cm, 9 mm and 0.05 with accuracy rates of 68%, 79% and 94% respectively. The odds of presence ENE were highest with bone involvement (2.91) followed by PNI (2.34) and lastly LVI (2.17). In conclusion, these predictive factors can be used to fortify the pathologic diagnostic criteria of ENE. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-024-04886-3.
RESUMO
Nodal involvement in oral squamous cell carcinoma is common due to its lymphatic spread. First echelon group of lymph nodes are to be removed in such scenarios. Perifacial lymph nodes are one of the suspected groups to be affected in metastasis and also missed in dissection due to position. So separate evaluation of this group is important surgically.
RESUMO
In the era of reconstructive surgery, new and revolutionary options are being explored in oro-facial defect reconstruction. As free flaps are presently front runners for reconstruction of defects resulting from resection of benign and malignant lesions, there is a need for devising newer options to serve the need of covering defects following oncological resection. The availability of promising pedicles in the supraclavicular region makes it a potential donor site for harvesting regional flaps, and going forward, free flaps. Transverse cervical artery flap has been a useful regional flap for head and neck reconstruction but there are limited literature pertaining to transverse cervical artery free flap. We report a case of successful reconstruction of tongue defect with transverse cervical artery free flap.