[Asymmetry of the facial skeleton in Negroid skulls]. / Asimmetriia litsevogo skeleta negroidnykh cherepov.

Measurements of 18 bilateral signs were carried out in 94 Negroid skulls. All parts of the facial skull are clearly asymmetrical, if regarded separately, while the summary sizes of the left and right halves of the facial skull are equal. In the upper part of the face the most asymmetrical parameters are the width of the bridge of the nose, width of the nose, and width of the palate, while the least asymmetrical are the height of the orbit and palate and length of the palate. In the mandibular part the greatest asymmetry was observed in the thickness and height of the mandibular corpus and height of the mandibular branches. The resultant combination of symmetry of the total sizes of both sides of the facial skull and asymmetry of individual parts is interpreted as an indication of the compensatory changeability of bilateral signs of the facial skull. The results are similar to data on the asymmetry of the facial skull of Mongoloid, Europeoid, and the intermediate skulls.

[Asymmetry of the human facial nerve]. / Asimmetriia litsevogo nerva cheloveka.

Measurements of the right and left facial skull were carried out in 6 different series of skulls: two europeoid, Russian and Georgian; two mongoloid, Buryat and Eskimo; and two skulls of mixed origin, Khakass and Udmurt ones, in order to assess the bilateral asymmetry. The measurements included 18 signs characterizing the width, height, and length of the facial skull. Sums of all right-side and left-side signs were the integral parameters of the right and left halves of the facial skull. A compensatory type of asymmetry variations was revealed. All the components of the facial skull regarded individually demonstrate clear asymmetry, whereas the total summary size of both halves of the facial skull is similar. The cause of the symmetrical combination of whole parts in the presence of evident asymmetry of various elements of the facial skull is differently directed asymmetry of various extent. The results are discussed in the context of the evolution of human functions and the relevant transformation of the morphologic structure in the anthropogenesis.

[The intergroup variability of the indices of asymmetry of the human facial skull]. / Mezhgruppovaia izmenchivost' indeksov asimmetrii litsevogo otdela cherepa cheloveka.

All bilateral sizes of the facial skeleton of Tajik, Khakass and Kazakh skulls have demonstrated an asymmetry. In the three series the greatest values of the asymmetry were obtained for the sizes of the orbital, zygomatic and mandibular areas, the least ones--for the sizes of the upper jaw. Greater sizes were less asymmetrical. The indices of asymmetry of the least sizes of the facial skeleton are characterized by the greatest variability at the intra-group level. The Tajik skulls were considerably different in the degree of asymmetry from both the Khakass and kazakh skulls mainly in the sizes of the upper part of the facial skull. Values of asymmetry of Kazakh and Khakass skulls were similar as a whole.