Effect of proinflammatory activation on F-actin distribution in cultured human endothelial cells under conditions of experimental microgravity.

We compared the state of actin cytoskeleton, morphology, and expression of VE-cadherin in endothelial cells of human umbilical cord vein under conditions of TNF-α-mediated activation and microgravity modeling and found that 3D-clinorotation for 24 h impaired the integrity of endothelial monolayer, altered cell morphology, induced cytoskeleton reorganization, and reduced the expression of VE-cadherin. The combination of experimental microgravity and proinflammatory activation led to more pronounced clearing of the perinuclear space from microfilaments and accumulation of depolymerized actin, which confirms additive effect of the studied factors on actin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells.

[In vitro accumulation of the photosensitizer Photosens in the atherosclerotic plaque of the human carotid artery].

The investigation was undertaken to study the accumulation of the photosensitizer Photosens in arterial atherosclerotic plaques and to immunohistochemically identify cellular elements in them. Specimens were obtained during carotid endarterectomy. The preferential accumulation of Photosens occurred in the plaque areas containing the largest number of cells, such as macrophages and lymphocytes. The photosensitizer accumulated to a greater extent in the unstable plaques than in the stable ones, which seems to be associated with the more marked infiltration of unstable plaques by the cells involved in the inflammatory reaction.

[Reparative osteogenesis after transplantation of bone marrow multipotent stromal cells cultivated at various oxygen concentrations].

Comparative histological and morphometric methods were used to study the bone callus (BC) in rats 14 and 30 days after the experimental fibula fracture. Animals were infused with cell preparations of multipotent bone marrow stromal cells--BMSC (also known as multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells) in the site of injury immediately after the fracture. BMSC were cultivated in vitro under normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (5% O2) conditions. 14 days after the fracture, in rats that received no BMSC (control group) and in animals injected with BMSC, newly formed BC contained fibrous tissue, cartilage and reticulofibrous bone tissue (RFBT). The portion of BC, occupied by RFBT was significantly greater in rats that received BMSC grown at 5% O2, than in the other experimental groups. Thickening index of BC at day 14 was 1.3 and 1.4 times higher in animals treated with BMSC grown at 5% and 20% O2 (p < 0.05) than in rats that received no BMSC. At day 30, BC was histologically more mature in rats that received BMSC infusion than in the control group, while the restoration of the initial bone thickness was also more effective in these animals. Thus, the results of this study demonstrated that the infusion of allogeneic BMSC, expanded in vitro at different oxygen concentrations, into the site of fracture improved osteocartilaginous fragment and BC formation and bone size restoration in rats with fibula fracture.

[Characteristics of human lipoaspirate-isolated mesenchymal stromal cells cultivated under a lower oxygen tension].

In the present study we investigated the effect of low oxygen concentration in the cultivation medium on proliferation, viability and immunophenotype of human mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from lipoaspirate (lMSC). It was shown that proliferation activity of the cells under hypoxic conditions was, on average, 2.9 times higher compared to that under commonly accepted normoxic conditions. Redused oxygen level in the culture medium did not cause any change in IMSC viability and immunophenotype. Thus, permanent culture of lMSC in the medium with a lower oxygen tension can prove an efficient approach to obtain a higher mass of cells which maintain their characteristics in a shorter period of time, which can be of demand for regenerative medicine.

[The diagnosis of sialolithiasis taking into account the stage of the pathological process]. / Diagnostika sliunnokamennoi bolezni s uchetom stadii patologicheskogo protsessa.

A total of 142 patients with sialolithiasis were examined, treated, and followed up. Analysis of clinical manifestations and morphologic changes has revealed a staged pattern of this condition, depending on the sialolith localization, disease standing, and incidence of inflammation exacerbations. The authors consider that a profound study of clinical symptoms with the use of mathematical statistics methods permits a sufficiently accurate identification of the histologic stage of the process and helps define the scope of surgical intervention.