RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether very early neurologic improvement (VENI) after intravenous (i.v.) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) perfusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) predicts favorable outcome at 3 months. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of prospective data. SETTING: Stroke registry at the Stroke Unit, Tenon University Hospital. PATIENTS: We analyzed consecutive patients with AIS treated with i.v. rt-PA between November 11, 2002, and December 24, 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: VENI at 1 hour was defined as a National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score of 0 at the end of rt-PA perfusion or an improvement of 5 or more points compared with baseline. Favorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 1 or less at 3 months. RESULTS: Of 120 patients with AIS treated with i.v. rt-PA, 22 (18.3%) had VENI after i.v. rt-PA perfusion. Favorable outcome was observed in 15 patients with VENI (68.2%) and in 29 patients without VENI (29.6%) (P < .001). No symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in patients with VENI. Mortality rates were 0% in the patients with VENI and 17.3% in patients without VENI. Baseline scores for VENI (adjusted odds ratio, 6.23; 95% confidence interval, 2.03-19.13; P = .001) and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (0.83; 0.76-0.91; P < .001) were the only 2 factors associated with favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of ≤1). CONCLUSIONS: VENI at the end of i.v. rt-PA perfusion in patients with AIS independently predicts favorable outcome at 3 months.
Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tecidual/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Sistema de Registros , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Wernicke encephalopathy - most often observed in alcoholic patients - is due to severe thiamine deficiency. CASE: We report here the case of a 30-year-old woman who presented with hyperemesis and vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum). Hyperemesis can lead to severe, symptomatic thiamine deficiency and to severe dehydration with prerenal azotemia. DISCUSSION: Wernicke encephalopathy is a rare complication of hyperemesis gravidarum. It should be diagnosed as early as possible to prevent long-term complications.
Assuntos
Hiperêmese Gravídica , Encefalopatia de Wernicke/etiologia , Adulto , Antieméticos/uso terapêutico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Hidratação , Humanos , Hiperêmese Gravídica/tratamento farmacológico , Recém-Nascido , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Potássio/uso terapêutico , Gravidez , Primeiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Tiamina/administração & dosagem , Tiamina/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Encefalopatia de Wernicke/diagnóstico , Encefalopatia de Wernicke/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalopatia de Wernicke/terapiaRESUMO
Congenital myasthenic syndromes are rare heterogeneous hereditary disorders, which lead to defective neuromuscular transmission resulting in fatigable muscle weakness. Post-synaptic congenital myasthenic syndromes are caused by acetylcholine receptor kinetic abnormalities or by acetylcholine receptor deficiency. Most of the congenital myasthenic syndromes with acetylcholine receptor deficiency are due to mutations in acetylcholine receptor subunit genes. Some have recently been attributed to mutations in the rapsyn gene. Here, we report the case of a 28-year-old French congenital myasthenic syndrome patient who had mild diplopia and fatigability from the age of 5 years. His muscle biopsy revealed a marked reduction in rapsyn and acetylcholine receptor at neuromuscular junctions together with a simplification of the subneural apparatus structure. In this patient, we excluded mutations in the acetylcholine receptor subunit genes and identified the homozygous N88K rapsyn mutation, which has already been shown by cell expression to impair rapsyn and acetylcholine receptor aggregation at the neuromuscular junction. The detection of the N88K mutation at the heterozygous state in five of 300 unrelated control subjects shows that this mutation is not infrequent in the healthy population. Electrophysiological measurements on biopsied intercostal muscle from this patient showed that his rapsyn mutation-induced fatigable weakness is expressed not only in a diminution in acetylcholine receptor membrane density but also in a decline of endplate potentials evoked at low frequency.