[Pain syndrome correction after teeth whitening]. / Korrektsiya bolevogo sindroma pri otbelivanii zubov.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to develop an algorithm for the correction of pain syndrome using the drug Ketorol Express depending on the level of situational and personal anxiety of patients during office teeth whitening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 60 people (mean age 25±0.85 years), who were divided into three groups depending on the level of personal and situational anxiety according to the Spielberger scale modified by Yu. L. Khanin. In the first group of patients with a high level of anxiety Ketorol Express was prescribed as a preventive analgesia before the whitening procedure, then the drug was used in case of pain. In the second group, patients with an average level of anxiety the drug was prescribed immediately after the whitening procedure, and then used in the event of a pain syndrome. The third group of patients with a low level of anxiety took the drug only in case of pain. To assess the severity of pain, the general well-being by the patient and the general well-being by the doctor, visual analogue scales were used. RESULTS: The study showed that the occurrence and correction of pain syndrome during teeth whitening depends on the patient's psycho-emotional state (both personal and situational anxiety). CONCLUSION: The developed regimen for prescribing Ketorol Express can significantly reduce pain in patients with different levels of anxiety.

In Vitro Biodegradation of Resorbable Magnesium Alloys Promising for Implant Development.

The aim of the investigation was to study the biodegradation characteristics and rate of magnesium alloys in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the biodegradation of magnesium alloys Mg-Zn-Ca and WE43 (Mg-Y-Nd-Zr) in homogenized (initial) condition and after strengthening by mechanical processing using equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The samples were incubated in a model system based on reference fetal calf serum (FCS) in the static and dynamic modes. The morphology of alloy surfaces was analyzed using light microscopy and computed tomography. Biodegradation was assessed by calculating weight loss within a certain incubation period. Cell adhesion and colonization stimulation were quantified in terms of a cell index (CI) using an analyzer xCELLigence RTCA Systems (ACEA Biosciences, Inc., USA) during the incubation of HEK 293 cells on WE43 specimens. RESULTS: Strengthening of magnesium alloys Mg-Zn-Ca and WE43 using ECAP and, consequently, the changed structure resulted in the biodegradation acceleration as high as eightfold. Among the specimens incubated in FCS in different modes, those incubated in liquid flow exhibited the biodegradation rate twice as high as that of the specimens tested under static conditions. The biodegradation process was accompanied by local corrosion, although the degradation was primarily concentrated along the specimen margins stimulating cell adhesion and colonization. Such nature of degradation, as a rule, does not lead to anisotropy of the strength characteristics, that is important for medical materials. Superficial degradation of the alloys with no X-ray density changes in the bulk of the specimens was confirmed by computed tomography. CONCLUSION: The study of the biodegradation rate and further characteristics of magnesium alloys Mg-Zn-Ca and WE43 showed that the materials in both structural conditions are suitable for implants and can be used in bone implants and surgical fasteners.

[Preventive analgesia for the improvement of local anesthesia efficacy in treatment of acute pulpitis in molars]. / Ispol'zovanie preventivnoi anal'gezii dlya povysheniya effektivnosti mestnogo obezbolivaniya pri lechenii ostrykh pul'pitov molyarov.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was the assessment of the efficacy of using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Ketorol Express as a preventive analgesia in the treatment of acute pulpitis in molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 128 individuals, 76 (59.4%) women and 52 (40.6%) men. The mean age was 37.4 years. Two different visual-analog scales were used to evaluate the effectiveness of pain relief and the general well-being of the patient and the doctor. THE RESULTS: Of the study proved that the preventive analgesia with Ketorol Express at a dosage of 20 mg 15 minutes before local anesthesia with 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:200 000 in patients diagnosed with acute pulpitis of molars was effective since local anesthesia high effectiveness, absence of necessity for alternate anesthesia were registered by patients, which coincided with the dentist's opinion. CONCLUSION: Preventive analgesia with Ketorol Express improves the efficacy of local anesthesia in the treatment of acute pulpitis in molars.

[Pain relief by Ketorol Express after oral surgery procedures]. / Kupirovanie bolevogo sindroma preparatom Ketorol Ekspress posle stomatologicheskikh vmeshatel'stv, soprovozhdayushchikhsya travmoi tkanei.

The aim of the study was providing rationale for using a new form of Ketorol Express for pain relief in outpatient dental practice. The study comprised 85 patients with an average age of 43.2 years, who were prescribed a three-day course of Ketorol Express therapy after a complex traumatic tooth extraction. Three different visual-analog scales were used to assess the severity of pain, the patient's General well-being, and the doctor's General well-being. After treatment with dispersed Ketorol Express tablets, the severity of the pain syndrome decreased from 4 to 1.8 points within three days. Anesthesia occurred on average in 10 minutes. This therapy was safe and well tolerated. There were no one serious adverse events, and no one patient stopped therapy due to side effects.

Fabrication method, structure, mechanical, and biological properties of decellularized extracellular matrix for replacement of wide bone tissue defects.

The present paper was focused on the development of a new method of decellularized extracellular matrix (DECM) fabrication via a chemical treatment of a native bone tissue. Particular attention was paid to the influence of chemical treatment on the mechanical properties of native bones, sterility, and biological performance in vivo using the syngeneic heterotopic and orthotopic implantation models. The obtained data indicated that after a chemical decellularization treatment in 4% aqueous sodium chlorite, no noticeable signs of the erosion of compact cortical bone surface or destruction of trabeculae of spongy bone in spinal channel were observed. The histological studies showed that the chemical treatment resulted in the decellularization of both bone and cartilage tissues. The DECM samples demonstrated no signs of chemical and biological degradation in vivo. Thorough structural characterization revealed that after decellularization, the mineral frame retained its integrity with the organic phase; however clotting and destruction of organic molecules and fibers were observed. FTIR studies revealed several structural changes associated with the destruction of organic molecules, although all organic components typical of intact bone were preserved. The decellularization-induced structural changes in the collagen constituent resulted changed the deformation under compression mechanism: from the major fracture by crack propagation throughout the sample to the predominantly brittle fracture. Although the mechanical properties of radius bones subjected to decellularization were observed to degrade, the mechanical properties of ulna bones in compression and humerus bones in bending remained unchanged. The compressive strength of both the intact and decellularized ulna bones was 125-130 MPa and the flexural strength of humerus bones was 156 and 145 MPa for the intact and decellularized samples, respectively. These results open new avenues for the use of DECM samples as the replacement of wide bone tissue defects.

Kinetic Parameters and Cytotoxic Activity of Recombinant Methionine γ-Lyase from Clostridium tetani, Clostridium sporogenes, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Citrobacter freundii.

The steady-state kinetic parameters of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent recombinant methionine γ -lyase from three pathogenic bacteria, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium sporogenes, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, were determined in ß- and γ-elimination reactions. The enzyme from C. sporogenes is characterized by the highest catalytic efficiency in the γ-elimination reaction of L-methionine. It was demonstrated that the enzyme from these three sources exists as a tetramer. The N-terminal poly-histidine fragment of three recombinant enzymes influences their catalytic activity and facilitates the aggregation of monomers to yield dimeric forms under denaturing conditions. The cytotoxicity of methionine γ-lyase from C. sporogenes and C. tetani in comparison with Citrobacter freundii was evaluated using K562, PC-3, LnCap, MCF7, SKOV-3, and L5178y tumor cell lines. K562 (IC50=0.4-1.3 U/ml), PC-3 (IC50=0.1-0.4 U/ml), and MCF7 (IC50=0.04-3.2 U/ml) turned out to be the most sensitive cell lines.