Study of nonrandom chromosome aberrations in bone marrow and blood cells of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Complete karyotyping of G-stained chromosomes of bone marrow and blood cells was carried out in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas before and after antitumor therapy, in remissions and relapses. Clones with 1q41-43, 2q35, and 6q24-27 deletions were most incident. Their incidence in patients increased after antitumor therapy.

Cytogenetic study of bone marrow and blood cells in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma before and after antitumor therapy.

Non-clonal and clonal abnormal cells (hypodiploid, polyploid, and with chromosome aberrations) were detected by the G-method in the bone marrow and blood of the majority of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas before therapy. The manifestation of these abnormalities changed individually after treatment. The most incident were clones -22, del(1)(q42-43), del(2)(q-33-35), del(3)(q27), 4q-, and del(6q).

[Analysis of stable chromosome aberrations using G-banding stain in lymphocyte of patients with high dose radiation injury]. / Issledovanie stabil'nykh aberratsii khromosom metodom g-differentsial'nogo okrashivaniia v limfotsitakh krovi cheloveka posle oblucheniia v vysokoi doze.

The analysis was performed on 514 blood lymphocytes from a person accidentally exposed to 137Cs. Blood samples were collected 1 year after exposure three times at intervals of one month. Terminal deletions and simple translocations were found to predominate in all cases. No differences between these cases were observed on analysing total frequency of stable chromosome aberrations. However, the frequency of terminal deletions decreased and frequencies of exchange-type aberration increased with time after exposure. Chromosome #4 was more involved in stable aberrations than it would be expected from the relative chromosome lengths. Clonal aberrations del-ter (5)(q31 or 32) were found.

[The results of the cytogenetic examination of children and adolescents living in radionuclide-contaminated regions of Kaluga Province]. / Rezul'taty tsitogeneticheskogo obsledovaniia detei i podrostkov, prozhivaiushchikh v zagriaznennykh radionuklidami raionakh Kaluzhskoi oblasti.

After the Chernobyl accident in a period from 1989 to 1992 blood samples were collected and analysed for chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes from 490 children born and living continuously in two districts of Kaluga Province with radioactive contamination. The results of cytogenetic examinations show the frequency of unstable aberrations in children from Zhizdra District to be higher than that in children from Ulyanovo District and in the control group. No correlation was found between the thyroid absorbed doses ranging from 0 to 5 Gy and the aberration frequencies. No differences in chromosomal aberration yields were observed in children born before or after the Chernobyl accident. Repeat examinations of the same children cohorts revealed no significant changes with time in the level of unstable aberrations.

[The results of the cytogenetic examination of the inhabitants of population centers adjacent to the Semipalatinsk nuclear testing grounds (at the period of the work of the interdepartamental commission in 1989)]. / Rezul'taty tsitogeneticheskogo obsledovaniia zhitelei naselennykh punktov, prilegaiushchikh k Semipalatinskomu ispytatel'nomu iadernomu poligonu (v period raboty mezhvedomstvennoi komissii v 1989 g.).

Within the frames of activity of joint commission the cytogenetic studies of 98 persons from different areas of Semipalatinsk Province have been carried out in 1989. The studies revealed the higher level of chromosome aberrations in the settlements adjacent to firing ground. The possible connection of discovered cytogenetic lesions to the influence of radiation aftermath of ground and air nuclear weapon test is discussed.

[The results of the cytogenetic examination of children and adolescents living in radionuclide-contaminated regions of Bryansk Province]. / Rezul'taty tsitogeneticheskogo obsledovaniia detei i podrostkov, prozhivaiushchikh v zagriaznennykh radionuklidami raionakh Brianskoi oblasti.

The paper presents the data on cytogenetic studies of 663 children inhabited radionuclide contaminated territories of Bryansk Province. Statistically significant difference with control was observed only for the territory with the highest radioactive contamination level of 137Cs (1000 kBq/m2). For two other territories with lesser contamination (100 and 700 kBq/m2) the rate of chromosome aberrations is nearly the same and does not differ significantly from control one. No difference in the level of cytogenetic damage was discovered for children affected by radiation pre- or postnatally.

[A comparative study of the frequency of stable and unstable chromosome aberrations in the gamma irradiation of human lymphocytes in vitro]. / Sravnitel'noe issledovanie chastoty stabil'nykh i nestabil'nykh abberatsii khromosom pri gamma-obluchenii limfotsitov krovi cheloveka in vitro.

Comparative studies of the yield of stable and unstable chromosome aberrations have been carried out in human lymphocytes gamma irradiated in vitro within the doze range 0.1--1.0 Gy. It was observed that the yield of unstable chromosome aberrations (dicentrics and centric rings) is satisfactorily described for discovered dose range with linear-quadratic approximation. For stable chromosome aberrations in G-banded chromosome the dose response dependence was less expressed. The studies revealed non-random involvement of different chromosomes in translocations, and the most frequently involved are 1 and 13 chromosomes.

[The dose-response relationship for indices of the micronucleus test using neutron-spectra therapeutic irradiation]. / Izuchenie zavisimosti doza-éffekt dlia pokazatelei mikroiadernogo testa pri ispol'zovanii oblucheniia neitronami spektra lecheniia.

It was shown by method of cytokinetic blocking that with neutron irradiation of human lymphocyte culture (mean energy of 0.85 MeV, doses of 0.05 to 2 Gy) the dose-response relationship, with respect to the share of binuclear cells with micronuclei and the frequency of micronuclei in binuclear cells, was of a multiphase nature with a more or less manifest plateau within the dose-range from 0.5 to 1.0 Gy. Both micronuclear tests may be used for indicating the degree of radiation injury to the organism caused by neutrons of the above-mentioned energy and doses of 0.05-0.5 Gy.

[A dose-effect relationship study for the frequency of binuclear cells with micronuclei in a human lymphocyte culture after gamma irradiation]. / Izuchenie zavisimosti doza--éffekt dlia chastoty binuklearnykh kletok s mikroiadrami v kul'ture limfotsitov cheloveka posle gamma-oblucheniia.

The method of the cytokinetic blocking was used to determine, in 18 healthy male donors aged 21-35 years, the frequency of binuclear cells with micronuclei that amounted to 1.1 +/- 0.2% (0.3-2.4%) on the average. The dependence of this parameter upon radiation dose (60Co-gamma radiation, 0.05 to 2 Gy) was a linear quadratic function and was described by the following regression equation: Yx = 0.76 + 5.76 D +/- 2.61 D2. With a dose of 0.05 Gy the frequency of binuclear cells with micronuclei exceeded significantly the control level.

[Influence of the dose rate and postradiation hyperthermia on the cytogenetic effect of irradiation of cells in the G0 stage by 252Cf and 60Co sources]. / Vliianie moshchnosti dozy i postradiatsionnoi gipertermii na tsitogeneticheskii éffekt pri obluchenii kletok v stadii G0 istochnikami 252Cf i 60Co.

The paper is concerned with the results of a comparative study of radiation injury of chromosomes of human lymphocytes at the G0 stage resulting from the influence of 60Co gamma quanta and high activity 252Cf radiation sources and depending on a dose and dose rate; with the potentialities of modifying a cytogenetic effect of irradiation by postradiation hyperthermia of cells. It has been shown that at the G0 stage of a cell cycle the frequency of chromosome aberrations does not depend on the dose rate of 252Cf radiation within the range of 0.0035-0.35 Gy/min. by the neutron component. Linear correlation between the frequency of induced chromosome aberrations and a dose was observed within a dose range of 0.27-3.1 Gy. Thus, a conclusion is that postradiation hyperthermia at the G0 stage does not almost influence the frequency of chromosome aberrations during 252Cf radiation, and increases it insignificantly during 60Co gamma-radiation.

[Structure and function of the external part of the articular cartilage]. / O stroenii i funktsii naruzhnoi chasti sustavnogo khiashcha.

The data on electron microscopic studies of the main structural elements of the superficial layer of the articular cartilage are represented. The articular cartilage of the femoral lead in young rabbits has been studied. The articular cartilage has no ideal smooth surface but three are some pressings of different sizes. The most superficial cartilage layer--cell-free zone--consists of collagene fibers and hyaluronic fibrils which are closely connected with the ground substance of the cartilage. Superficial chondrocytes are mature, differentiated but functionally weakly active cells. Under normal conditions, destruction (obliteration) of the cell-free zone and desquamation of superficial cells are impossible.