[Use of a new biological factor--exogenous nitric oxide--during surgical treatment of periodontitis]. / Primenenie novogo biologicheskogo faktora-ékzogennogo oksida azota-pri khirurgicheskom lecheni parodontita.

In order to improve the efficiency of surgical treatment of periodontitis, the operative wound was exposed to nitrogen oxide (NO) during osteogingivoplasty and on days 3, 5, and 6 after it. Clinical and laboratory data making use of the cytomorphometrical method indicate that NO exposure decreased and maybe prevented secondary injury to the operation wound in up to 46.6% patients, which was confirmed by decrease and even normalization of destruction index and inflammatory destructive index on days 7 and 14, which was not observed in the reference group patients not exposed to NO.

[Cytological indices as criteria for assessing periodontal status]. / Tsitologicheskie pokazateli kak kriterii otsenki sostoianiia parodonta.

The authors define the complex of criteria for analysis of cytograms of gingival impressions in health and periodontal diseases. Such criteria are needed for objective diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal status over the course of treatment. All the cellular elements were taken account of: different types of epithelial cells, including those with signs of cytopathology and bacterial contamination, connective tissue cells, mononuclears, leukocytes, and fibroblasts. The cytological picture correlated with the status of periodontium and forms and severity of pathological processes developing in it.

[The characteristics of the contact area of an endoprosthesis made from Ostek graphite-based material and of the mandibular bone fragment]. / Kharakteristika zony kontakta éndoproteza iz materiala na osnove grafita "Ostek" i kostnogo fragmenta nizhnei cheliusti.

Interactions between endoprostheses made of carbonic composition "Ostec" and bone tissue were studied after plastic repair of experimental vast defects in the mandible in 22 rabbits and 10 dogs over the course of 2 years. Histologic findings showed the formation of a layer of fibrous connective tissue 3 months after the operation and later; at some places the implant directly joins the rabbit bone, which frequently undergoes chondroid transformation. Microscopically, the structure of "Ostec" represents carbonic threads forming large bundles. By the 6th and 12th months of experiment connective tissue elements penetrate the fissures between the bundles and the perforation gaps of the endoprosthesis, forming bone-like and bone structures in them.

[An experimental trial of a hydroxyapatite-based root paste]. / Eksperimental'naia aprobatsiia kornevoi pasty na osnove gidoksiapatita.

Hydroxyapatite-based radicular paste was tried in 12 dogs with experimental chronic periodontitis. Hydroxyapatite, zinc-eugenol, and resorcin-formal pastes were compared. The periodontal status was assessed by morphometric methods. Hydroxyapatite-based radicular paste was found to be the most effective means of treating experimental chronic periodontitis. In control groups the therapeutic effect was either null or minimal.

[Structural changes in the periodontal tissues under measured exposure to intra- and extraoral orthodontic appliances in the unstable bite]. / Strukturnye izmeneniia tkanei parodonta pri dozirovannom vozdeistvii vnutri- i vnerotovoi ortodonticheskoi apparaturoi v smennom prikuse.

Study of the histological characteristics of the teeth, dental rudiments, and periodontal tissues of animals during distraction of the maxilla and distal dislocation of the mandible by "minor", "medium", and "strong" force showed that the type and degree of morphological changes are related to the strength of exposure and duration of orthodontist device application. The minor (1.2 H) and medium (2.5 H) force did not injure the studied structural elements of the periodical complex. Exposure of osseous tissues to a strong (5.0 H) force surpassing the compensatory potential of this tissue caused a complex of changes characterized by predominance of the processes of destruction of bone matter, specifically, by its resorption over its regeneration. These processes were the most evident during distal dislocation of the mandible. Appreciable foci of resorption were observed not only in the alveolar process bone, but in hard tissues (dentin and cement) of deciduous teeth as well. These results demonstrate the necessity of a careful approach to the choice of the intensity of force developed by various orthodontist devices.

[Morphological changes in the periodontium from the use of different designs of metal ceramic dentures]. / Morfologichsekie izmeneniia v parodonte pri primenenii razlichnykh konstruktsii metallokeramicheskikh protezov.

Morphological changes in the periodontium during the use of cermet crowns of different design were studied in experimental animals. The status of the periodontium was found to depend on the level of crown fixation with respect to gingival edge. Histological findings had show that position of a cermet crown at the level of the gingival edge does not involve appreciable changes in the periodontium, though preparation of abutment teeth with the formation of a step be considered as preferable. A subgingival position of cermet crowns leads to development of an inflammatory reaction in the periodontium, the severity of this reaction being related to a great measure to the method of the tooth preparation. If a step is formed during preparation of a tooth, the inflammatory changes are less pronounced than when there is no step formed. In the latter case the pathological changes were seen in the periodontium. The authors come to a conclusion that cermet crowns should be fixed at the level of the gingival edge. When making cermet crowns, abutment teeth should be prepared with the formation of a pericervical step.

[An experimental study of the action of an intraosseous implant of hydroxylapatite ceramic granules on the processes of reparative bone formation (experimental morphological research)]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie vozdeistviia intraossal'noi podsadki granuliata keramiki gidroksilapatita na protsessy reparativnogo kosteobrazovaniia (éksperimental'no-morfologicheskoe issledovanie).

Presents a morphologic picture of the time course of repair osteogenesis after replacement of femoral bone defect in rats by hydroxyapatite ceramic granules. Excellent morphofunctional quality of newly formed bone regenerate in optimal terms is demonstrated.

[Morphological changes in the tissues of the prosthetic field with the use of different designs of metal ceramic bridge dentures]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia v tkaniakh proteznogo polia pri primenenii razlichnykh konstruktsii metallokeramicheskikh mostovidnykh protezov.

The results of experimental morphologic studies carried out in 23 dogs evidence that the status of the denture bed tissue beneath a whole-cast bridge cermet denture depends on the tightness of the denture adhesion to the gingival mucosa. If the denture poorly adheres to its bed, no marked changes in the structural components of the gingiva and the underlying bone support are detectable. If the denture adheres tightly to the gingiva, marked inflammatory dystrophic and destructive changes develop both in the gingiva and in the alveolar crest bone tissue. A complex of structural changes in the epithelium, connective tissue base of the gingival mucosa, and alveolar bone crest were traced. The results evidence that inflammatory dystrophic changes in the gingiva augment and result in the development of erosive ulcerative elements in the gingiva in case of a prolonged tight adhesion of the denture to the denture bed; sometimes decubital ulcers may develop in the gingiva. The resorptive processes take place in the underlying bone tissue, causing like smooth resorption of bone matter or to lacunar resorption. Diffuse rarification of bone tissue is also typical of such cases. Excessive pressure of the denture body in case of its tight adhering to denture bed seems to be detrimental not only for the epithelium, but for deeper structures of the gingival mucosa and the underlying bone structures as well.

[The periodontium in experimental bruxism]. / Sostoianie parodonta pri éksperimental'nom bruksizme.

Time course of morphologic changes in periodontal tissue was studied in 42 miniature pigs with experimental bruxism. An inflammation has developed in the marginal periodontium. At first the inflammatory infiltrate was situated under the epithelial fixation to the tooth involving destruction of the epithelial fixation and formation of pockets, inflammatory infiltrate, and granulation tissue, these destructive changes involving the lower sections of the periodontium. Signs of resorption were detectable in the dental alveolus osseous wall, cement, and dentin. The changes in the periodontal tissue described above appear to result from a complex of factors developing in experimental animals with simulated bruxism.

[A new siloxane material for eliminating defects of the soft facial tissues by an injection method. I. The laboratory and experimental research]. / Novaia siloksanovaia kompozitsiia dlia ustraneniia defektov miagkikh tkanei litsa in''ektsionnym metodom. I. Laboratorno-éksperimental'noe issledovanie.

The authors present the results of laboratory and clinical analysis of vinyl siloxane polymer-based compositions, Pt catalyzer-hardened. Animal experiments have demonstrated high biologic inertness of the implantation material, inducing virtually no irritation of the adjacent tissues. These results confirm the possibility of clinical use of this new material.

[Age-related morphofunctional characteristics of the oral mucosa]. / Vozrastnye morfofunktsional'nye osobennosti slizistoi obolochki polosti rta.

Histological investigation of 250 fragments of grossly unaltered oral mucosa autopsied from patients aged 6 months to 87 years which had died of various diseases revealed phase relation of the evolution of oral mucosa reflecting its functional states. The morphofunctional characterization of ontogenesis of the mucosa and its derivatives yielded a close correlation of its morphofunctional features in different age groups with the type and course of its pathology.