Comparison of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Combined With Mitral Valve Repair Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Alone in Patients With Moderate Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: A Meta-Analysis.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare clinical outcomes between those who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) alone and CABG with mitral valve repair (MVR) in patients with moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation. The present study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two authors performed a comprehensive search of international databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, for relevant studies published from inception to March 1, 2023. The search was performed again before the submission of the manuscript on March 20, 2023. Primary outcomes assessed in the present meta-analysis included early mortality and long-term mortality. Secondary outcomes assessed in the present meta-analysis included change in New York Heart Association (NYHA) score from baseline, change in ejection fraction (EF) from baseline (%), and major cardiovascular events (MACE). A total of 13 studies were included in the present meta-analysis. Out of 13 included studies, four were randomized control trials (RCTs) and nine were retrospective cohort studies. The pooled analysis showed that early mortality was significantly lower in patients in the CABG group compared to the CABG+MVR group (risk ratio [RR]: 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31, 0.70). Long-term mortality was also lower in patients who underwent CABG compared to patients in the CABG+MVR group. However, the difference was statistically insignificant (RR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.02). No significant differences were reported in the EF score between patients who underwent CABG and patients who underwent CABG plus MVR (mean difference [MD]: 0.40, 95% CI: -1.90, 2.69). NYHA score was significantly lower in patients in the CABG+repair group compared to the CABG alone group (MD: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.72). In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggests that concomitant MVR during CABG may not improve clinical outcomes in patients with moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation. Further clinical trials are needed to investigate this intervention in more detail.

Mixed convective flow of CNTs nanofluid subject to varying viscosity and reactions.

The addressed work explains SWCNTs (Single walled carbon nanotubnes) and MWCNTs (Multi walled carbon nanotubnes) nanofluid flow under the influences of temperature dependent viscosity and mixed convection. Comparative study of SWCNTs and MWCNTs suspended in base liquid is presented. Further heat and mass transfer are addressed for nanofluid effected by radiation, heat generation/absorption and diffusion species. Mathematical development of problem is taken in cylindrical coordinates. System of highly nonlinear differential equations are constructed via appropriate transformations. The system of equations are tackled numerically by bvp4c MATLAB solver. The findings of the study show that larger volume fraction [Formula: see text] contributes to enhance the nanoliquid flow. The velocity by submerging MWCNTs is noted higher than SWCNTs. Furthermore, the relationship between the viscosity variable [Formula: see text] and the temperature is such that the temperature near the surface decreases with increase in [Formula: see text], while at the same time the temperature away from the surface increases. Subsequently, higher temperature is observed in SWCNTs-liquid compared to the MWCNTs-liquid to the similar values of [Formula: see text]. Further, heat transfer is an increasing function of varying viscosity variable [Formula: see text].

Mixed convection flow of viscoelastic fluid by a stretching cylinder with heat transfer.

Flow of viscoelastic fluid due to an impermeable stretching cylinder is discussed. Effects of mixed convection and variable thermal conductivity are present. Thermal conductivity is taken temperature dependent. Nonlinear partial differential system is reduced into the nonlinear ordinary differential system. Resulting nonlinear system is computed for the convergent series solutions. Numerical values of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are computed and discussed. The results obtained with the current method are in agreement with previous studies using other methods as well as theoretical ideas. Physical interpretation reflecting the contribution of influential parameters in the present flow is presented. It is hoped that present study serves as a stimulus for modeling further stretching flows especially in polymeric and paper production processes.