[Language, cultural adaptation and validation of the OABSS (Overactive Bladder Symptom Score) questionnaire in patients with overactive bladder].

AIM: To perform language and cultural adaptation and validation of the OABSS (Overactive Bladder Symptom Score) questionnaire among patients with overactive bladder (OAB), proposed as an effective tool for assessing the severity of symptoms and the efficiency of treatment in clinics of the Russian Federation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In accordance with the protocols for carrying out such studies, the procedure of standardized forward-backward translation of the OABSS questionnaire was performed. Further, the intermediate Russian-language version was applied to 15 patients with subsequent correction of deficiencies and approval of the final Russian-language version of the questionnaire. In total, the study group included 176 patients of both sexes with OAB symptoms who filled out the questionnaire twice (test-retest) with an interval of 10-14 days. RESULTS: Based on the statistical analysis (Cronbach's alpha = 0.961), there was a significant degree of internal consistency of the sample. This fact is also supported by the very high retest reliability of the questionnaire (ICC >0.9). CONCLUSION: Our data showed that the Russian version of the OABSS questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for subjective assessment of the severity of OAB symptoms.

[Possibilities of multiphoton microscopy for the diagnosis of the vulvar lichen sclerosus]. / Vozmozhnosti mul'tifotonnoi mikroskopii dlya diagnostiki skleroticheskogo likhena vul'vy.

BACKGROUND: Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic and recurrent dermatosis of an inflammatory nature with severe focal atrophy of the skin. Connective tissue changes are polymorphic and are still not taken into account in histological diagnostics due to the difficulty of interpreting routine histological methods. In this work, we use multiphoton microscopy (MPM) as a new imaging technique that provides detailed information about the organization of collagen fibers in the dermis based on a non-linear second harmonic generation (SHG) process. OBJECTIVE: To determine the degree of connective tissue damage in lichen sclerosus using standard histological techniques and to reveal the diagnostic capabilities of multiphoton microscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 42 biopsies with a histopathological diagnosis of VLS and 10 biopsies of normal vulvar skin. Histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical evaluation was used in comparison with MPM data. Quantitative analysis included the determination of the thickness, length of collagen fibers and the average intensity of the SHG signal. RESULTS: A comprehensive study of the skin showed 4 groups of changes that can be regarded as the degree of the dermis damage: initial, mild, moderate, severe. The affected area at the initial and mild degree has subtle changes, however, it is reliably identified by quantitative analysis of the SHG signal. So, the initial degree is characterized by thin (1.3-1.8 µm) long (56-69 µm) collagen fibers, with a moderate degree, the fibers are thickened (3.4-4.3 µm) and fragmented (22-37 µm). The affected area in moderate and severe cases undergoes homogenization, which is associated with the deposition of extremely thin (0.6-0.9 µm) short (16-28 µm) collagen fibers and the expression of type V collagen. CONCLUSION: Multiphoton microscopy in the second harmonic generation mode is a reliable method for identifying collagen fibers in tissues. The study made it possible to identify 4 degrees of the dermis damage in vulvar lichen sclerosus.

[Prevalence of urinary disorders and their relation to sexuality in women--point of view of gynecologist].

The cross-sectional study of a random sample (population of patients and healthy subjects) was performed. Questionnaire survey of 970 women aged 18 years and older in Vladimir using an Urination Disorder Questionnaire was performed. The prevalence of violations of lower urinary tract function according to incidence of outpatient visits from 03/29/11 to 01/04/11 was evaluated. According to the data of examination, urination disorders were detected in 61% of women aged 45 years and older, in 23% of respondents aged 40-45 years and in 16%--up to 40 years old. Urine collection disorders were found in 94% of women, disorders of urinary bladder emptying--in 83%, disorders after urinary bladder emptying--in 36% of patients. The most common disorders of urination were urinary incontinence--in 27% of women, and nocturia--in 19% of women. The frequency of urinary incontinence (27%) was significantly higher than the overall prevalence of overactive bladder (9%). Among women, 21% said that they have sexual problems, but 70% does not solve this problem.

[ICIQ-SF questionnaire in women with urinary incontinence].

The ICIQ-SF questionnaire is used for evaluation of clinical manifestations in patients with urinary incontinence (UI) alone and combination of UI with lower urinary tract symptoms as well as assessment of quality of life in females with UI. Our study with ICIQ-SF questionnaire showed that UI was present in 23.8% responders. UI once a week or less often was marked most frequently by 11.6% women from all the age groups. Any volume of UI was marked by 24.5% women, most frequent volumes of urine loss were 15.9% and 7.1% in all age groups. Stress UI was prevalent in all the age groups (52.6%), the rate of urgent UI declined with age of women (16.3%), mixed UI rate, on the contrary, increased with age (26.7%). Significant frequency and volume of urine loss have the highest influence on quality of everyday women's life. Mixed UI reduced quality of life more significantly than stress and urgent UI. Thus, in view of high prevalence of UI among women, low compliance of the patients, the ICIQ-SF questionnaire can be recommended to therapists, gynecologists and urologists of the outpatient clinics for detection of UI in women. Response to ICIQ-SF questionnaire is a simple, easy-to-make and cheap method of preliminary UI diagnosis and assessment of UI impact on quality of life.

[Solifenacin in the treatment of overactive bladder: results of a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study].

The article presents the results of the evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety of the M-cholinoblocker solifenacin in the treatment of symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB). The study included 24 women aged from 47 to 69 years with symptoms of OAB lasting more than 3 months. It is shown that solifenacin at a dose of 5 mg reduces the quality of urinary urgency, improves the condition according to assessment of degree of discomfort due to symptoms of the OAB, treatment satisfaction and condition of the bladder.

[Comparative assessment of urological, neurological, obstetric, and gynecological risk factors of urinary incontinence in women].

To compare the effects of urological, neurological and obstetricogynecological risk factors of urine incontinence (UI) in women, we made a questionnaire survey covering a representative sample of 4336 female residents of Moscow aged 25-74 years. We used standard epidemiological methods and unified criteria, descriptive statistics and modeling by means of logical regression in 6.12 version of SAS system. We revealed that chronic cystitis and other inflammatory urinary diseases provoke a 4-fold increase in the relative risk (RR) of UI in women being higher than obstetricogynecological risk factors (RR 1.5-2.8) and neurological risk factors (RR 1.3-2.0). UI in many cases is of stress type, but in urinary inflammation a mixed type occurs 1.8 times more frequently. Thus, chronic cystitis and other urinary inflammatory diseases are essential UI risk factors in women.