RESUMO
After introducing what is understood by teaching innovation and its requirements, various methodologies that can be applied in university and radiological teaching are presented, such as: the flipped classroom focuses on the student's previous study and the teacher's subsequent contribution to resolve doubts or highlight important aspects. Team learning or cooperative teaching allows learning among the students themselves. Problem-based or case-based learning encourages students, in teams or individually, to carry out structured learning based on learning objectives. Teaching based on games or simulation can facilitate knowledge acquisition playfully and practically. Personalized tutoring allows the transmission of knowledge in an individualized way. Various evaluation modalities that can be used for training purposes are also shown.
Assuntos
Educação de Graduação em Medicina , Radiologia , Ensino , Radiologia/educação , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/métodos , HumanosRESUMO
Entre las causas de dolor lumbar en el niño no suele considerarse, como posibilidad diagnóstica, el síndrome de Baastrup. Clásicamente, esta entidad se caracteriza por fenómenos degenerativos secundarios al roce de apófisis espinosas adyacentes, con esclerosis de sus márgenes y disminución del espacio interespinoso. Su frecuencia aumenta con la edad y suele acompañarse de cambios degenerativos en el raquis, como pueden ser la hipertrofia facetaria lumbar o la patología discal. Determinadas actividades, como la danza o la gimnasia, pueden favorecer la aparición de esta patología a edades más tempranas. En la población infantil la enfermedad pudiera manifestarse de modo diferente, con aumento del espacio interespinoso y remodelación ósea(AU)
Baastrup's disease is not usually considered among the possible causes of low back pain in children. Classically, Baastrup's disease is characterized by degenerative phenomena secondary to friction between adjacent spinous processes, with sclerosis of the margins and decrease in the interspinous space. Baastrup's disease becomes more prevalent with age and is usually accompanied by degenerative changes in the vertebral column, such as lumbar facet hypertrophy or disc disease. Certain activities like dance or gymnastics can make Baastrup's disease more likely to appear at an earlier age. In children, Baastrup's disease can manifest in a different way, with increased interspinous spaces and bone remodeling. In this article, we present the cases of two patients with low back pain who were diagnosed with Baastrup's disease(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Dor Lombar/complicações , Dor Lombar , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/instrumentação , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único/tendências , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Lordose/complicações , Lordose , Vértebras Lombares , Região Lombossacral/patologia , Região LombossacralRESUMO
Baastrup's disease is not usually considered among the possible causes of low back pain in children. Classically, Baastrup's disease is characterized by degenerative phenomena secondary to friction between adjacent spinous processes, with sclerosis of the margins and decrease in the interspinous space. Baastrup's disease becomes more prevalent with age and is usually accompanied by degenerative changes in the vertebral column, such as lumbar facet hypertrophy or disc disease. Certain activities like dance or gymnastics can make Baastrup's disease more likely to appear at an earlier age. In children, Baastrup's disease can manifest in a different way, with increased interspinous spaces and bone remodeling. In this article, we present the cases of two patients with low back pain who were diagnosed with Baastrup's disease.
Assuntos
Vértebras Lombares , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Dor Lombar/etiologia , Radiografia , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/complicações , SíndromeRESUMO
El estudio de la patología del cartílago articular se ha desarrollado de forma importante en los últimos años, en parte por la mejora de las técnicas de imagen que la estudian y por la necesidad de una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para la aplicación de nuevas terapéuticas .La radiología convencional sigue siendo la primera modalidad de estudio para evaluar la patología aguda o crónica del cartílago articular, a pesar de que los datos que aporta son indirectos y de lesiones en estadios avanzados. La resonancia magnética, por su capacidad multiplanar y su mayor contraste tisular, utilizando principalmente secuencias echo de gradiente 3-D o mediante artro-RM directa o indirecta, es la técnica más empleada para obtener resultados adecuados. Este artículo describe las principales técnicas de diagnóstico e ilustra su papel en las patologías más comunes del cartílago como la condromalacia, la patología degenerativa, las alteraciones traumáticas, la osteocondritis disecante y la condrocalcinosis (AU)