[Pathogenetic associations of periodontal diseases with somatic therapeutic pathology, comorbid conditions in patients of advanced and senile age: state-of-the-art review. Part 1. Associations of periodontal diseases with somatic therapeutic pathology in patients of advanced and senile age].

The state-of-the-art review of literature on existing views on the association of periodontal diseases with somatic therapeutic pathology (first part of the review) and comorbid conditions (second part of the review) is submitted. The conclusion about need of carrying out the further multicenter researches which purpose is development of new integrated indicators, in a complex and comprehensively characterizing not only the periodontal status, but also set of available somatic therapeutic pathology, especially at pa- tients of advanced and senile age is drawn.

[Associations of periodontal diseases with somatic therapeutic pathology, comorbid conditions in patients of advanced and senile age: state-of-the-art review. Part 2. Associations of periodontal diseases with comorbid conditions in patients of advanced and senile age].

The state-of-the-art review of literature on existing views on the association of periodontal diseases with somatic therapeutic pathology (part 1 of the review) and comorbid conditions (part 2 of the review) is submitted. The conclusion about need of carrying out the further multicenter researches which purpose is development of new integrated indicators, in a complex and comprehensively characterizing not only the periodontal status, but also set of available somatic therapeutic pathology, especially at patients of advanced and senile age is drawn.

[Aging and periodontal diseases (review)].

The review on associative communications of periodontal diseases, aging and age associated pathology is submitted. Uniform pathophysiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of these processes and their interrelation are analyzed. The question of existence of so-called periodontal-systemic connection is discussed. The conclusion about need of changing the paradigm of approach for diagnostics and treatment of patients with periodontal pathology from tightly specialized stomatologic into the interdisciplinary paradigm is drawn. It is especially important for the elderly patients having polymorbid pathology in association with inflammatory periodontal diseases.

[The connection of polymorphism I/D of the gene angiotensin-converting ferment and D442G gene of protein-carrier of cholesterol ethers with atherosclerosis risk factors in patients of elderly and senile age with coronary heart disease in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia)].

The authors analyse allocation of genotypes frequencies of polymorphism I/D of the gene of angiotensin-converting ferment (ASYA) and D442G gene of protein-transmitting agent of cholesterol ethers (CETP) in patients of elderly, senile age and long-livers with coronary heart disease taking into account their nationality, age and sex. With the age, the frequency reduction of occurrence of genotype ACE*I/*I has been observed and there is a tendency to increase of genotype frequency ACE*D/*D. Sexual distinctions in frequency of revealing of homozygous genotype ACE*D/*D have been revealed at the relative analysis of genotypes ACE*D/*D and ACE*D/*I. The carriers of genotype ACE*D/*D significantly more are males than females. In the general group (especially in the group of Yakuts), the carriers of genotype ACE*I/*I have demonstrated significantly more often the hypertrophy of myocardium of the left ventricle, which is accurately reflected with the help of ECG sign of Sokolov-Lion. While studying the polymorphism D442G of the gene CETP, the carriers of genotype CETP:D*/*G are significantly more often met among Yakuts, than non-indigenous population. The comparison of genotypes frequencies I/D-polymorphism of the gene ACE have showed reliable distinctions of BBI, indexes of blood lipids. The comparison of genotypes CETP*D/*D, CETP*D/*G has not yielded authentic connection with risk factors of coronary heart disease.

[Neuroimaging research in patients of elderly and senile age with cerebrovascular pathology].

The neuroimaging research of 345 patients with cerebrovascular pathology was maid: 139 patients with ischemic strokes (IS) in carotid pools, 206 with chronic ischemia of the brain (CIB), discirculatory encephalopathy of 1st stage--91 patients, 2nd stage--115. All observation has been subdivided into two categories: the basic one, including 4 basic groups of supervision, and control. The criteria for the division of the basic category on groups were the region of residing and a nationality. In the patients with IS we studied the sizes of postischemic changes, cysts. In the patients with CIB we defined the changes of white substance of the brain (leukoaraiosis), and also analyzed a condition of liquor systems. MRI study of patients with IS identified the most different in terms of volume and localization of centers of ischemic brain; in the course of treatment, in dynamics, according to the results of morphometric analysis there was a decrease of growth of the center. The most widespread changes of state of the substance of the brain and its liquor system, defined by MRI in patients with CIB, were expansion of liquor spaces and atrophic changes of periventricular zone in the form of the lowered density of white substance of the brain, and also the true atrophies which were more frequent in patients of 2nd and 4th groups. In the patients of 1st group even the phenomena of leukoaraiosis were marked only in easy degree of expressiveness.

[Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, x-ray contrast researches and contrast-induced nephropathy in geriatrics].

The state-of-the-art review of literature on the problem of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients of senior age groups with sharp cardiovascular pathology is submitted in three parts. In the second part the review of epidemiology and risk factors of the contrast-induced nephropathy emergence in intervention gerontocardiology is submitted.

[The comparative analysis of the medico-social characteristics and objective somato-stomatology status in the patients who have worried at children's age the siege of Leningrad and their contemporaries].

The research is executed on 73 patients of the senile age who have worried in their childhood the siege of Leningrad and group of comparison--140 patients of comparable age. The comparative analysis of indicators of the medico-social, objective somatic and dental status at the patients who have worried at children's age the siege of Leningrad and their contemporaries, not being exposed extreme impacts of the siege is carried out. The essential increase in number of correlative communications between an indicator of a cumulative rating scale of somatic diseases and the stomatologic status at the patients of the senile age who have endured the siege is established.

[Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, x-ray contrast researches and contrast-induced nephropathy in geriatrics].

The state-of-the-art review of literature on a problem of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients of the senior age groups with sharp cardiovascular pathology is submitted in three parts. In the third part the review on a problem of contrast-induced nephropathy in geriatric practice is submitted. Questions of the forecast, prevention and association with multimorbidity and chronic kidney disease are discussed.

[Discurculatory encephalopathy at the elderly Republics Sakhas (Yakutia)].

The clinic-etiological characteristic of discirculatory encephalopathies (DE) depending on residing region was studied. The analysis of risk factors has shown that the leading reasons of vascular defeat of a brain in all patients were the atherosclerosis and an arterial hypertensia, thus in patients living in good ecologically situation these risk factors were present less often. Clinical symptoms of DE, as well as numerous subjective and clinical displays, were most expressed in patients of the basic group, inhabitants of ecologically adversed Viljujsky region.

[Depressive frustration at vascular diseases of a brain in patients of elderly and senile age].

According to inspection of 206 patients of 60 years old and elder on the basis of neurologic department of the Geriatric Center of Republican Hospital No 3 high prevalence of depression of small and average degree in the persons of advanced age suffering from cerebrovascular diseases is revealed. To estimate the expressiveness of depression the Hamilton's scale including 17 parameters was used.

[Interrelation of the internal picture of illness and valuable orientations in elderly patients with the type II diabetes].

Type 2 diabetes is a common endocrine disease of advanced age. Extraordinary prevalence of this disease requires the improvement of preventive measures. The authors emphasize the importance of study of psychosomatic mechanisms of disease, personality traits and possibilities of social functioning in the disease. Attempts to study the influence of value orientations on variants of the patient's social and physical functioning were undertaken. This may be particularly significant in the management of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes as the role of age-value categories becomes one of the key. However studies of value orientations in elderly patients are scarce. It can be assumed that a more detailed study of value characteristics of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes will not only improve the quality of diagnosis, treatment and prevention, but also may be one of the important stages of psychotherapy. The aim of the work was to study the influence of value orientations on the inside picture of the disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

[Influence of immunoglobulins on clinical laboratory picture and morphological changes in patients with mesangial-proliferative glomerulonephritis: age aspects].

The article presents data of 77 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MezPGN) patients, aged 20 to 71 years. The effect of deposits of immunoglobulins in the kidney tissue to the index of blood pressure and laboratory parameters of disease activity in MezPGN patients regardless of age is shown. The data demonstrate that the presence of IgM deposits in kidney tissue is unfavorable prognostic sign of MezPGN flow.

[Characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism changes in elderly patients with gout and metabolic syndrome].

Article is devoted features of changes of a carbohydrate exchange in patients with gout. Results of inspection of 60 patients are presented. All patients depending on index HOMA have been divided on two groups. Changes of a carbohydrate exchange have great value for gout. These changes are risk factors of development of cardiovascular diseases.

[Survival rate of the geriatric patients of native and non-native nationality with ischemic heart disease in Sakha Republic (Yakutia): analysis of 5-year catamnesis observation].

222 geriatric patients of native and non-native nationality with ischemic heart disease were supervised during 5 years. The analysis of survival rate (causes of death) has shown that 46.4% of patients (n = 103) died within this period of supervision. Results of the research show that the patients of senile age survived after myocardial infarction with Q wave and a high functional class of stable angina pectoris die authentically more often. Better survive rate demonstrate the patients with a smaller stage of heart failure; a tendency of more life expectancies at people who never smoked or have given up smoking has been also established. Besides these risk factors leading to the fatal complications, remodeling of left ventricle myocardium has the essential value. ECG -criteria often testified to presence in the patient the left ventricle hypertrophy: Sokolov-Layon and (especially often) Cornell-voltage Index. Speaking of accompanying diseases, cancer and brain catastrophe are the most frequent causes of death of the geriatric patients.

[Age features of treatment of idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis].

The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of long application of the combined therapy by cytostatics and steroid hormones for patients with morphologically proved membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis depending on age. 51 patients younger 60 years and 27 patients older 60 years were investigated. Patients received therapy by steroid hormones and cytostatics within one year. Shipping of therapy was satisfactory. Despite presence of signs of nephrosclerosis, efficiency of treatment was good. Signs of a nephrotic syndrome were proof remission in all patients of 1st and 2nd groups in 12 months after beginning of treatment.

[The cerebrovascular pathology and the condition of brain blood circulation according to ultrasonic dopplerographic investigation depending on ethnos].

The condition of brain blood circulation in patients with discirculatory encephalopathies (DE) depending on ethnos was studied according to ultrasonic dopplergraphic investigation. The analysis of dopplerogramms has shown that sizes of indicators of brain blood circulation: linear speed of a blood-groove, pulse index (LS, PI) are in direct dependence on age of the patient, duration and the stage of diseases. The highest indicators LS and PI were in representatives of the 1-st basic group of supervision (aboriginals) and in patients of the control group.

[Gout and hyperuricemia today: prevalence, risk factors, features in the elderly].

Gout affects more than 1% of adults in the world, and this is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis in men. Accumulating data support an increase in the prevalence of gout that is potentially attributable to recent shifts in diet and lifestyle, improved medical care, and increased longevity. There are both nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors for hyperuricemia and gout. Nonmodifiable risk factors include age and sex. Gout prevalence increases in direct association with age; the increased longevity of populations in industrialized nations may contribute to a higher prevalence of gout through the disorder's association with age-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome and hypertension, and treatments for these diseases such as thiazide diuretics for hypertension. Although gout is considered to be primarily a male disease, there is a more equal sex distribution among elderly patients. Modifiable risk factors for gout include obesity, the use of certain medications, high purine intake, and consumption of purine-rich alcoholic beverages. The increasing prevalence of gout worldwide indicates that there is an urgent need for improved efforts to identify patients with hyperuricemia early in the disease process, before the clinical manifestations of gout become apparent.

[Bioelectric activity of the brain in patients of elderly and senile age with a cerebrovascular pathology].

According to this work, bioelectric activity of a brain of 345 patients with a cerebrovascular pathology was studied; among them 139 patients with ischemic strokes (IS) in carotid pools, 206 sick with chronic ischemia of a brain (CIB), 91 patients with discircular encephalopathy of the 1st stage (DE-1), 115 patients with DE of the 2nd stage (DE-2). All observation has been subdivided into two categories: the basic, including 4 basic groups of supervision, and control. Criteria of division of the basic category observation into groups were the region of residing and a nationality. At EEG analysis of patients with IS dominating slow-wave activity is registered in all cases. At patients with CIB changes of bioelectric activity of the expressed degree had a diffusive character.

[The characteristic of the somatic pathology in people of elderly and senile age (review)].

The review presents the analysis of the somatic pathology met most often in patients of elderly and senile age. The authors conclude that understanding of features of the somatic pathology in people of elderly and senile age is integral part of knowledge of any doctor, especially the doctor in geriatrics.

[Ethnic features of the risk factors of development the atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease at the geriatric contingent of Sakha Republic (Yakutia)].

The study assessed the ethnic, age, gender distinctions on risk factors between elderly, senile age and long-livers male and female of native and non-indigenous nationalities with ischemic heart disease. 354 patients aged from 60 till 106 years comparable on age and gender data were included in the research. There were 2 basic groups considering the ethnic accessory (native and non-indigenous citizens); 3 groups considering the age characteristics (elderly, senile age and long-livers); gender groups -male and female. As a result of study the ethnic, age, gender differences were revealed on the primary risk factors such as arterial hypertension, blood lipids, body mass index, smoking and left ventricular hypertrophy.