Bone Behavior in Relation to the Depth of the Line of Marginal Cementation of Prostheses on Morse Cone Implants: Radiographic Evaluation in a Dog Model.

PURPOSE: This study was aimed at radiographically evaluating the effect of 3 different depths of the cementation line of prosthetic crowns on the bone response around Morse cone implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five dogs underwent extractions of the lower premolars; after 3 months, placement of 30 implants, 3 mm apical to the bone level, was performed. Prefabricated cylinders of alumina, used as abutments, with 3 different transmucosal extension were cemented to the implants with zinc oxide-eugenol cement, determining the depth of the cementation lines (1.5 mm apically, and 0.5 and 2.5 mm coronally, respectively, to the bone level). In the control group, implants and abutments were placed without crowns, therefore, with no cementation line. RESULTS: The results showed no statistically significant differences between the control and test groups regarding the different depths of the cementation line both mesially (P = 0.18) and distally (P = 0.50). CONCLUSION: Different depths of cementation did not affect the behavior of marginal bone, indicating that crowns can be cemented with zinc oxide-eugenol cement at any distance or even at the bone level without disturbing bone healing around Morse cone implants.

Effect of green tea extract and mouthwash without alcohol on Candida albicans biofilm on acrylic resin.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of green tea and the oral antiseptic without alcohol, on Candida albicans biofilm formation to heat-curing acrylic resin plates. BACKGROUND: Candida is associated with oral candidiasis in poorly cleaned dentures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Standardised specimens of heat-cured (Conv; n = 30) or microwave-cured acrylic resin (Mw; n = 30) were obtained and divided into six groups (n = 10): G1 = Conv resin and green tea aqueous extract, G2 = Conv resin and mouthwash, G3 = control of Conv resin, G4 = Mw resin and green tea aqueous extract, G5 = Mw resin and mouthwash and G6 = control of Mw-cured resin. The specimens were contaminated with 10 ml of Sabouraud dextrose broth inoculated with 0.1 ml of standard suspension containing 1 × 10(6) cells/ml of C. albicans and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. After this period, they were immersed in the aqueous extract or in mouthwash for 15 min. The control groups were treated with sterile distilled water. Aliquots of 0.1 ml were plated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The numbers of colony-forming units per test specimen (CFU/TS) were calculated, and the results statistically analysed by two-way anova and Tukey's tests (5%). RESULTS: Statistically significant difference was observed for the aqueous extract groups (G1; 33.65%) and mouthwash (G2; 17.06%), when compared to control (G3; 100%), for Conv resin. For the Mw resin, there was significant difference between mouthwash (G5; 43.16%) and control (G6; 100%). CONCLUSION: The aqueous extract of green tea and mouthwash led to a reduction in the number of viable fungal cells in biofilm formed on acrylic resin.

Effect of the addition of silanated silica on the mechanical properties of microwave heat-cured acrylic resin.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength and Vickers hardness of a microwave energy heat-cured acrylic resin by adding different concentrations of silane surface-treated nanoparticle silica. METHODS: Acrylic resin specimens with dimensions of 65 × 10 × 2.5 mm were formed and divided into five experimental groups (n = 10) according to the silica concentration added to the acrylic resin mass (weight %) prior to polymerisation : G1, without silica; G2, 0.1% silica; G3, 0.5% silica; G4, 1.0% silica; and G5, 5.0% silica. The specimens were submitted to a three-point flexural strength test and to the Vickers hardness test (HVN). The data obtained were statistically analysed by anova and the Tukey test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Regarding flexural strength, G5 differed from the other experimental groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) presenting the lowest mean, while G4 presented a significantly higher mean, with the exception of group G3. Regarding Vickers hardness, a decrease in values was observed, in which G1 presented the highest hardness compared with the other experimental groups. CONCLUSION: Incorporating surface-treated silica resulted in direct benefits in the flexural strength of the acrylic resin activated by microwave energy; however, similar results were not achieved for hardness.

Conhecimento dos enfermeiros acerca do manejo da gestante com exame de VDRL reagente / Nurses's knowledge about the management of pregnant with positive VDRL

Introdução: a sífilis se mantêm como um grave problema de saúde pública, haja vista as repercussões que podem acarretar no feto quando a gestante não realiza o tratamento ou é inadequadamente tratada. Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Fortaleza, Ceará, acerca das ações de prevenção, tratamento e controle da sífilis na gestação. Métodos: estudo descritivo quantitativo, realizado nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2010, cuja amostra se constituiu de 160 enfermeiros. Utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicado que foi elaborado com base nas recomendações do Ministério da Saúde para o controle de sífilis gestacional e congênita. Foram consideradas corretas as respostas que estavam de acordo com o preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Analisaram-se dados sociodemográficos e variáveis relacionadas com diagnóstico, tratamento e seguimento das gestantes com VDRL reagente. Resultados: não tinham conhecimento adequado sobre os tipos de testes treponêmicos e não treponêmicos 76,2% dos enfermeiros, 83,7% sobre a conduta diante do VDRL com titulação 1:1, 59,4% com realação ao tratamento para a fase secundária da doença e 66,9% tinham dificuldade de identificar as fases da sífilis recente. Conclusão: os enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família não têm conhecimento adequado acerca das ações que envolvem a prevenção e o controle na gestante.

Syphilis remains as a serious public health problem, considering the repercussions that may result in the fetus when the pregnant woman does not received treatment or is inadequately treated. Objective: analyzed the knowledge of the Family Health Strategy nurses from Fortaleza-Cear� about the prevention actions, treatment, and control of syphilis during pregnancy. Methods: an evaluative study, performed during the months of August and September 2010, which sample was composed by 160 nurses. It was used a self-applied questionnaire, elaborated based on the Health Office recommendations for the control of syphilis during pregnancy and congenital syphilis. The answers in agreement with Health Office preconizes were considered correct. Sociodemographic data and variables related to diagnosis, treatment and the follow-up of pregnant women with positive VDRL were analyzed. Results: they don't have knowledge about treponemic and non-treponemic types of serology 76,2% of the nurses, 83,7% about conduct facing VDRL titles, 59,4% about secondary disease treatment and 66,9% about recent syphilis phases identification. Conclusion: the Family Health Strategy nurses don't have the suitable knowledge about preventing and controlling actions on the pregnant woman.

Analysis of tooth enamel after excessive bleaching: a study using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy.

This study assessed alterations on bovine enamel after excessive bleaching. Coronal portions of bovine teeth (n = 30) were sectioned and divided into three groups (n = 10 per group). The coronal parts were further cut incisocervically into two halves. While one half received no bleaching (control), the other half was subjected to either one (group 1), three (group 2), or five bleaching sessions (group 3) with 35% hydrogen peroxide. The enamel surfaces were then analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Excessive bleaching affected the surface morphology and chemistry of the bovine enamel. EDS analysis showed the highest decrease in calcium ion percentages in groups 2 and 3 when compared to their nonbleached halves. Oxygen and phosphorus percentages were comparable on both the control and bleached enamel, regardless of the number of bleaching sessions. Consecutive bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide may lead to morphologic and specific elemental changes when performed in a short period of time. Calcium ion percentages may decrease when this bleaching agent is used for more than one session. Int J Prosthodontics 2010;23:29-32.

[Hematological and blood glucose alterations in Wistar rats with acute chagasic infection during gestation]. / Alteraciones hematológicas y de glucosa sanguínea en ratas Wistar con infección chagásica aguda, durante la gestación.

Abstract. The present study examined hematological alterations and blood glucose levels variations in albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with acute chagasic infection during gestation. Blood samples were taken from A, B, C and D groups of rats at 0, 6, 12 and 20 days after impregnation for hematological diagnosis and glycemia tests. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant changes (p < 0.05) in hemoglobin values (Hb) and highly significant differences (p < 0.01) in hematocrit variables (Hto): leukocyte count (LC), percentage of lymphocytes (L), neutrophils (N), number of platelets (P) and blood glucose levels. A differential count of monocytes (M) and eosinophils (E) showed no significant variations from normal levels. These changes represent important hematological and glycemia alterations, such as mild and moderate anemia, pronounced leukocytosis, lymphopenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia and hypoglycemia. Finally, there is a discussion of some factors in acute chagasic infection in Wistar rats that might be augmented by parallel physiological effects produced by pregnancy.

Efectos de la infección chagásica aguda en ratas wistar gestantes / Effects of acute chagasic infection on gestating wistar rats

Se investiga en ratas albinas (Rattus norvegicus), cepa Wistar, inoculadas por vía intraperitoneal con 5x10(4) tripomastigotes sanguícolas de Trypanosoma cruzi, y preñadas 10 días después de la inoculación, los efectos de la infección aguda sobre la gestación, utilizando diferentes pruebas de diagnóstico. Los resultados revelaron diferencias significativas (P < 0,01) entre los valores de parasitemia promedio de los grupos de ratas vírgenes B y ratas gestantes D, durante la primera y segunda semana de gestación, registrándose a los 12 días de la gravidez niveles de parasitemias de hasta 55 ± 3 y 27 ± 9 trips/mm³ de sangre. Anticuerpos anti-T. cruzi fueron detectados en los sueros de las ratas infectadas, mostrando diferencias significativas (P < 0,05) cuando se compara la interacción grupo-tiempo. Presencia de formas flageladas de T. cruzi en los tubos de cultivo inoculados con líquido amniótico de 3 (50%) de 6 ratas sacrificadas a término de gestación. Instauración de una miocarditis y miositis aguda de variable intensidad acompañada de nidos de amastigotes de T. cruzi a nivel del corazón, músculo esquelético y fibras musculares lisas del útero grávido. Las placentas mostraron una placentitis moderada sin parasitismo a nivel del estroma velloso, placas coriónica y desidual. Las glándulas mamarias presentaron un infiltrado celular discreto sin parasitosis en los alveólos, conductos excretores y tejido conectivo inter e intralobulillar. Las células alveolares exhibieron un citoplasma basofílico y abundante secreción. El análisis morfométrico, reveló diferencias significativas (P < 0,01) en el tamaño de fetos y placentas obtenidos de ratas infectadas D y controles sanas C. La infección chagásica aguda produjo en la rata gestante alteraciones parasitológicas, inmunológicas, histopatológicas y morfométricas importantes, las cuales fueron potenciadas por los efectos paralelos inducidos por la gravidez; la presencia de formas flageladas de T. ...

White Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were intraperitoneally inoculated with 5x10(4) blood form trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi and impregnated 10 days after inoculation. The effects of acute infection on gestation were examined using different diagnostic tests. Results showed significant differences (P < 0.01) level in parasitemia values between group B virgin rats and group D gestating rats, during the first and second week, with levels of parasitemias 12 days after impregnation of 55 ± 3 and 27 ± 9 tryps/mm³. Anti-T. cruzi antibodies were found in the serum of infected rats, showing differences (P < 0.05) level comparing group-time interaction. Flagellate forms of T. cruzi were present in culture tubes inoculated with amniotic fluid from 3 (50%) of 6 rats sacrificed at the end of gestation. There was also myocarditis and acute myositis of varying intensity accompanied by many nest of T. cruzi amastigotes around the heart, in skeletal muscle and smooth muscle fiber in the gravid uterus. There was moderate placentitis without parasitism in the villous stroma and chorionic and decidual plates. Mammary glands showed discrete cellular infiltrate without parasitosis in the alveoli, excretory ducts and in inter and intralobular connective tissue. Alveolar cells showed basophilic cytoplasm and abundant secretion. Morphometric analysis of fetuses and placenta from infected rats D and healthy controls C showed significant differences (P < 0.01) level in size and weight. In conclusion, the gestating rats acute chagasic infection produces important parasitological, immunological, histopathological and morphometric changes: these are exacerbated by the concurrent effects of pregnancy. Flagellate forms of T. cruzi in the amniotic liquid are evidence of congenital fetal infection. T. cruzi did not interfere with gestation and at term of pregnancy the fetuses were apparently normal.

Hepatites B e C em usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) de Fortaleza-Ceará / Hepatitis B and C in users of the Center of Testing and Counseling (CTA) in Fortaleza-Ceará

Introdução: apesar de os dados de notificação não apresentarem a real magnitude, as hepatites B e C constituem relevantes problemas de saúde pública devido à elevada prevalência na população. Objetivo: analisar a presença de marcadores sorológicos para hepatites B e C em usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento de Fortaleza-CE, bem como apresentar o perfil sociodemográfico, qualificar o uso do preservativo, identificar o motivo da procura pelo CTA, além de detectar a presença de co-infecção das heaptites B e C com VDRL E HIV. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra constou de 291 formulários de usuários que procuraram o CTA, entre os meses de agosto e dezembro de 2005, para realizar a testagem sorológica para vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana de sífilis e, para os quais foram ofertados os exames de Hepatites B e C. Os dados foram organizados em tabelas e analisados estatisticamente, comparando-se variáveis com a utilização do Programa EPI-INFO 6.0. Resultados: os achados apontaram maior freqüência de pessoas com idade entre 19 e 30 anos (69,1 por cento), do sexo feminino (70,7 por cento) e solteiras (46 por cento). Os marcadores sorológicos encontrados foram: anti-HBc total reagente (30,6 por cento), HBsAg positivo(10,8 por cento), Anti-HCV positivo (6,3 por cento). Vale salientar que a co-infecção aids e hepatite B representou 18 por cento do total. Verificou-se ainda que o uso do preservativo ocorre somente às vezes, com parceiro fixo (76,3 por cento) e não fixo (86,6 por cento). Além disso, 14 por cento adquiriram o Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) no último ano. Conclusão: pelo exposto, constata-se a necessidade de se investir cada vez mais para que a testagem das hepatites B e C ocorram na rotina dos serviços de saúde, visando à identificação e tratamento precoces.

Comportamento de homens com DST atendidos em Unidade de saúde de referência de Fortaleza / Behavior of men with STD who have been trated in health care unit of STD reference in Fortalezae

Apresenta o comportamento sexual dos homens com DST atendidos em uma unidade de saúde de referência para DST de Fortaleza-Ceará

Avaliação das subclasses IgG1 e IgG3 na doença hemolítica perinatal / Assessment of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses in perinatal hemolytic disease

A doença hemolítica perinatal (DHPN) ainda é um problema clínico. Nenhum teste isolado prediz, com segurança, a gravidade do quadro hemolítico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar as subclasses de anticorpos IgG1 e IgG3 por citometria de fluxo no soro de 42 gestantes isoimunizadas e correlacionar os dados obtidos com a gravidade da DHPN. A distribuição dos fetos ou neonatos segundo a gravidade do quadro hemolítico evidenciou 13 casos com doença leve, 16 casos com doença moderada e 13 com doença grave. As subclasses foram detectadas em 33/42 (79 por cento) amostras. A subclasse IgG1, isoladamente, foi evidenciada em 14/33 (42,4 por cento) casos. Na relação entre gravidade da doença e subclasses de IgG, observou-se que IgG1 isolada foi encontrada em todos os grupos, e os valores da mediana de intensidade de fluorescência (MIF) foram significativamente mais altos nas formas mais graves da DHPN (p<0,01). Contrariamente, os valores da MIF para IgG3 se apresentaram mais homogêneos em todas as categorias (p=0,11). A presença de IgG3 parece, portanto, estar mais associada à hemólise leve. A associação das subclasses IgG1 e IgG3 está relacionada à situação clínica mais grave, o que se deve, possivelmente, à presença de IgG1 associada. Apesar dos altos valores para IgG1 e a associação de IgG1 com IgG3 indicarem maior gravidade da DHPN, sugere-se que outras variáveis sejam analisadas conjuntamente, uma vez que os relatos existentes na literatura, até o momento, não dão suporte para seu uso como instrumento exclusivo de avaliação de gravidade e prognóstico da doença.

The hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) continuesto be a clinical problem in spite of prophylaxis. Todate, none of the available tests, developed to predictthe severity of HDN, has provided complete reliability.The objective of the present study was to determinethe IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses in 42 isoimmunizedpregnant women, and to correlate them with clinicalseverity of hemolytic disease. The IgG subclasses weredetermined employing flow cytometry. According tothe clinical severity of HDN, fetuses and newbornbabies were classified as 13 mild, 16 moderate and 13severe cases. The IgG subclasses were detected in 33 ofthe 42 pregnant women. Of these, IgG1 waspredominant in 72.7% of the cases; either isolated(42.4%) or in association with IgG3 (30.3%). IgG1 waspresent in all the three clinical severity categories,however, its values were significantly higher in caseswith greater clinical severity of HDN (p<0.01). On theother hand, the distribution of IgG3 values within eachgroup was not statistically significant (p=0.11). IgG3seems to be more associated with the mild hemolyticform of the disease, whereas the association of IgG1and IgG3 suggested a clinically more severe form ofHDN. It is possible, however, that the severity in thesecases is related to the presence of IgG1. These resultssuggest that IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes should be includedin multi-parametric protocols for the evaluation ofclinical severity of HDN, as International literaturedoes not give support to the use of IgG subclassdetermination alone as a reliable indicator to predictseverity or prognosis of the disease.

Análise das fichas de atendimento de pacientes com doenças sexualmente transmissíveis das unidades de referência de Fortaleza, 2000 e 2001 / An analysis of the record of patients with sexually transmitted diseases in reference health clinics in Fortaleza, Brasil, in 2000 and 2001

A partir do conhecimento do perfil sócio-demográfico, clínico e comportamental de pacientes atendidos em doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em unidades de referência, é possível desenvolver um trabalho educativo voltado para essa demanda.Objetiva contribuir para a melhoria da oferta dos serviços de DST, oferencendo açöes, especialmente o aconselhamento de acordo com as características da populaçäo atendida