Propensity to metal accumulation and oxidative stress responses of two benthic species (Cerastoderma edule and Nephtys hombergii): are tolerance processes limiting their responsiveness?

The chronic exposure of benthic organisms to metals in sediments can lead to the development of tolerance mechanisms, thus diminishing their responsiveness. This study aims to evaluate the accumulation profiles of V, Cr, Co, Ni, As, Cd, Pb and Hg and antioxidant system responses of two benthic organisms (Cerastoderma edule, Bivalvia; Nephtys hombergii, Polychaeta). This approach will provide clarifications about the ability of each species to signalise metal contamination. Organisms of both species were collected at the Tagus estuary, in two sites with distinct contamination degrees (ALC, slightly contaminated; BAR, highly contaminated). Accordingly, C. edule accumulated higher concentrations of As, Pb and Hg at BAR compared to ALC. However, antioxidant responses of C. edule were almost unaltered at BAR and no peroxidative damage occurred, suggesting adjustment mechanisms to the presence of metals. In contrast, N. hombergii showed a minor propensity to metal accumulation, only signalising spatial differences for As and Pb and accumulating lower concentrations of metals than C. edule. The differences in metal accumulation observed between species might be due to their distinctive foraging behaviour and/or the ability of N. hombergii to minimise the metal uptake. Despite that, the accumulation of As and Pb was on the basis of the polychaete antioxidant defences inhibition at BAR, including CAT, SOD, GR and GPx. The integrated biomarker response index (IBRv2) confirmed that N. hombergii was more affected by metal exposure than C. edule. In the light of current findings, in field-based studies, the information of C. edule as a bioindicator should be complemented by that provided by another benthic species, since tolerance mechanisms to metals can hinder a correct diagnosis of sediment contamination and of the system's health. Overall, the present study contributed to improve the lack of fundamental knowledge of two widespread and common estuarine species, providing insights of the metal accumulation profiles under a scenario of chronic contamination. Finally, this work provided useful information that can be applied in the interpretation of future environmental monitoring studies.

The sub-cellular fate of mercury in the liver of wild mullets (Liza aurata)--Contribution to the understanding of metal-induced cellular toxicity.

Mercury is a recognized harmful pollutant in aquatic systems but still little is known about its sub-cellular partitioning in wild fish. Mercury concentrations in liver homogenate (whole organ load) and in six sub-cellular compartments were determined in wild Liza aurata from two areas - contaminated (LAR) and reference. Water and sediment contamination was also assessed. Fish from LAR displayed higher total mercury (tHg) organ load as well as in sub-cellular compartments than those from the reference area, reflecting environmental differences. However, spatial differences in percentage of tHg were only observed for mitochondria (Mit) and lysosomes plus microsomes (Lys+Mic). At LAR, Lys+Mic exhibited higher levels of tHg than the other fractions. Interestingly, tHg in Mit, granules (Gran) and heat-denaturable proteins was linearly correlated with the whole organ. Low tHg concentrations in heat stable proteins and Gran suggests that accumulated levels might be below the physiological threshold to activate those detoxification fractions.

Survival and mortality among users and non-users of hydroxyurea with sickle cell disease.

OBJECTIVE: to estimate survival, mortality and cause of death among users or not of hydroxyurea with sickle cell disease. METHOD: cohort study with retrospective data collection, from 1980 to 2010 of patients receiving inpatient treatment in two Brazilian public hospitals. The survival probability was determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, survival calculations (SPSS version 10.0), comparison between survival curves, using the log rank method. The level of significance was p=0.05. RESULTS: of 63 patients, 87% had sickle cell anemia, with 39 using hydroxyurea, with a mean time of use of the drug of 20.0±10.0 years and a mean dose of 17.37±5.4 to 20.94±7.2 mg/kg/day, raising the fetal hemoglobin. In the comparison between those using hydroxyurea and those not, the survival curve was greater among the users (p=0.014). A total of 10 deaths occurred, with a mean age of 28.1 years old, and with Acute Respiratory Failure as the main cause. CONCLUSION: the survival curve is greater among the users of hydroxyurea. The results indicate the importance of the nurse incorporating therapeutic advances of hydroxyurea in her care actions.

A new page on the road book of inorganic mercury in fish body - tissue distribution and elimination following waterborne exposure and post-exposure periods.

There are several aspects of inorganic mercury (iHg) toxicokinetics in fish that remain undeveloped despite its environmental ubiquity, bioaccumulation capacity and toxicity. Thus, this study presents new information on the uptake, distribution and accumulation of iHg following water contamination by adopting a novel set of body compartments (gills, eye wall, lens, blood, liver, brain and bile) of the white sea bream (Diplodus sargus) over 14 days of exposure. Realistic levels of iHg in water (2 µg L(-1)) were adopted in order to engender reliable conclusions in the assessment of fish health. A depuration phase of 28 days was also considered with the purpose of clarifying iHg elimination. It was found that iHg was accumulated faster in the gills (within 1 day), which also had the highest accumulated levels among all the target tissues/organs. Moreover, iHg increased gradually with exposure time in all the tissues/organs, except for the lens that showed relatively unaltered levels throughout the experiment. After 14 days of exposure, lower values of Hg were recorded in the brain/eye wall compared to the liver, which is probably related with the presence of blood-organ protection barriers, which limit iHg influx. iHg reached the brain earlier than the eye wall (3 and 7 days, respectively) and, hence, higher accumulated levels were recorded in the former. A depuration period of 28 days did not allow the total elimination of iHg in any of the tissues/organs. Despite this, iHg was substantially eliminated in the gills, blood and liver, whereas the brain and eye wall were not able to eliminate iHg within this timeframe. The brain and eye wall are more "refractory" structures with regard to iHg elimination, and this could represent a risk for wild fish populations.

Survival and mortality among users and non-users of hydroxyurea with sickle cell disease / Sobrevida e mortalidade em usuários e não usuários de hidroxiureia com doença falciforme / Sobrevida y mortalidad en usuarios y no usuarios de hidroxiurea con enfermedad falciforme

OBJECTIVE: to estimate survival, mortality and cause of death among users or not of hydroxyurea with sickle cell disease. METHOD: cohort study with retrospective data collection, from 1980 to 2010 of patients receiving inpatient treatment in two Brazilian public hospitals. The survival probability was determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, survival calculations (SPSS version 10.0), comparison between survival curves, using the log rank method. The level of significance was p=0.05. RESULTS: of 63 patients, 87% had sickle cell anemia, with 39 using hydroxyurea, with a mean time of use of the drug of 20.0±10.0 years and a mean dose of 17.37±5.4 to 20.94±7.2 mg/kg/day, raising the fetal hemoglobin. In the comparison between those using hydroxyurea and those not, the survival curve was greater among the users (p=0.014). A total of 10 deaths occurred, with a mean age of 28.1 years old, and with Acute Respiratory Failure as the main cause. CONCLUSION: the survival curve is greater among the users of hydroxyurea. The results indicate the importance of the nurse incorporating therapeutic advances of hydroxyurea in her care actions. .

OBJETIVO: estimar a sobrevida, mortalidade e causa de morte em usuários ou não de hidroxiureia com doença falciforme. MÉTODO: coorte retrospectiva de 1980 a 2010, de pacientes internados em dois hospitais públicos brasileiros. Determinou-se a probabilidade de sobrevida com Kaplan-Meier, cálculos de sobrevida (SPSS versão 10.0), comparação entre curvas de sobrevida e método Log Rank. Nível de significância p=0,05. RESULTADOS: de 63 pacientes, 87% estavam com anemia falciforme, sendo 39 em uso de hidroxiureia, com média de idade na instituição do fármaco de 20,0±10,0 anos e dosagem média de 17,37±5,4 a 20,94±7,2mg/kg/dia, elevando a hemoglobina fetal. Na comparação de usuários e não usuários de hidroxiureia, a curva de sobrevida foi maior nos usuários (p=0,014). Ocorreram 10 óbitos, com idade média de 28,1 anos, tendo como causa principal a Insuficiência Respiratória Aguda. CONCLUSÃO: a curva de sobrevida é maior nos usuários de hidroxiureia. Os resultados apontam a importância do enfermeiro incorporar avanços terapêuticos da hidroxiureia em suas ações assistenciais. .

OBJETIVO: estimar la sobrevida, la mortalidad y la causa de muerte de usuarios y no usuarios de hidroxiurea con enfermedad falciforme. MÉTODO: cohorte retrospectiva de 1980 a 2010 de pacientes internados en dos hospitales públicos brasileños. Se determinó la probabilidad de sobrevida con Kaplan-Meier, cálculos de sobrevida (SPSS versión 10.0), comparación entre curvas de sobrevida, método Log Rank. Nivel de significado p=0,05. RESULTADOS: de 63 pacientes, 87% estaban con anemia falciforme, siendo que 39 usaban hidroxiurea, promedio de edad en la institución del fármaco de 20,0±10,0 años y dosificación promedio de 17,37±5,4 a 20,94±7,2mg/kg/día, elevando la hemoglobina fetal. En la comparación de usuarios y no usuarios de hidroxiurea, la curva de sobrevida fue mayor en los usuarios (p=0,014). Ocurrieron 10 muertes, edad promedio de 28,1 años, siendo la Insuficiencia Respiratoria Aguda la causa principal. CONCLUSIÓN: la curva de sobrevida es mayor en los usuarios de hidroxiurea. Los resultados apuntan la importancia de que el enfermero incorpore los avances terapéuticos de la hidroxiurea en sus acciones asistenciales. .

Fish eyes and brain as primary targets for mercury accumulation - a new insight on environmental risk assessment.

Fish eyes and brain are highly susceptible to environmental Hg exposure but this issue is still scarcely investigated, mainly regarding methylmercury (MeHg) accumulation. Yet, Hg levels in fish lens have not been previously examined under field conditions. Total Hg (tHg), MeHg and inorganic Hg (iHg) levels were assessed in the brain, eye wall and lens of the golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) from an Hg contaminated area, both in winter and summer, together with water and sediment levels. Sampling was performed at Aveiro lagoon (Portugal) where a confined area (LAR) is severely contaminated by Hg. Fish brain, eye wall and lens accumulated higher levels of tHg, MeHg and iHg at LAR than the reference site, reflecting faithfully environmental spatial differences. The brain and eye wall responded also to the winter-summer changes found in water and sediment, accumulating higher levels of MeHg (and tHg) in winter. Contrarily, lens was unable to reflect seasonal changes, probably due to its composition and structural stability over time. The three neurosensory structures accumulated preferentially MeHg than iHg (MeHg was higher than 77% of tHg). Lens exhibited a higher retention capacity of MeHg (mean around 1 µg g(-1) at LAR), accumulating higher levels than the other two tissues. Interestingly, MeHg and iHg levels were significantly correlated for the brain and eye wall but poorly associated within the two analysed eye components. The high levels of MeHg found in the brain, eye wall and lens could compromise their functions and this needs further research.

Scope and efficiency of the newborn screening program in identifying hemoglobin S.

BACKGROUND: In 2001, the Brazilian Ministry of Health added hemoglobinopathies to the National Neonatal Screening Program to be implemented in three steps. In order to meet the proposed goals, it is crucial to establish periodic assessments of this program with the aim of monitoring its implementation. OBJECTIVE: To assess the scope and the efficiency of the stages of the National Newborn Screening Program in identifying hemoglobin S. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was developed with the results of the heel prick test using the high performance liquid chromatography method for babies born in Mato Grosso do Sul from 2006 to 2010. The following variables were investigated: year, number of live births, total screening, coverage ratio, prevalence, time between the child birth and the blood collection; age at diagnosis; age at the time of the first consultation; and time between the diagnosis and the first appointment. RESULTS: Over the five years of the study, the mean coverage rate was 91.77%.The prevalences of hemoglobin FAS and hemoglobin FS were 1.65% and 0.011%, respectively. Blood samples from 43.48% of children were collected from the second to the seventh day. The age at diagnosis was within the first 28 days in 87.80% of the screened children. The lowest mean indices for the first consultation and the time between the diagnosis and the first appointment (58.8 and 46.4 days, respectively) occurred in 2010. CONCLUSIONS: The scope of the National Neonatal Screening Program for hemoglobinopathies is good, with a large number of individuals being tested. Efficiency is a suitable indicator to assess the program steps. Three points are recommended: the training of the individuals involved, studies to assess the assistance provided to the affected child, and genetic counseling to the mothers.

Scope and efficiency of the newborn screening program in identifying hemoglobin S

Background: In 2001, the Brazilian Ministry of Health added hemoglobinopathies to the National Neonatal Screening Program to be implemented in three steps. In order to meet the proposed goals, it is crucial to establish periodic assessments of this program with the aim of monitoring its implementation. Objective: To assess the scope and the efficiency of the stages of the National Newborn Screening Program in identifying hemoglobin S. Methods: A cross-sectional study was developed with the results of the heel prick test using the high performance liquid chromatography method for babies born in Mato Grosso do Sul from 2006 to 2010. The following variables were investigated: year, number of live births, total screening, coverage ratio, prevalence, time between the child birth and the blood collection; age at diagnosis; age at the time of the first consultation; and time between the diagnosis and the first appointment. Results: Over the five years of the study, the mean coverage rate was 91.77%.The prevalences of hemoglobin FAS and hemoglobin FS were 1.65% and 0.011%, respectively. Blood samples from 43.48% of children were collected from the second to the seventh day. The age at diagnosis was within the first 28 days in 87.80% of the screened children. The lowest mean indices for the first consultation and the time between the diagnosis and the first appointment (58.8 and 46.4 days, respectively) occurred in 2010. Conclusions: The scope of the National Neonatal Screening Program for hemoglobinopathies is good, with a large number of individuals being tested. Efficiency is a suitable indicator to assess the program steps. Three points are recommended: the training of the individuals involved, studies to assess the assistance provided to the affected child, and genetic counseling to the mothers. .

Adolescente vítima de agressão: desequilíbrio nas necessidades humanas básicas / Una adolescente víctima de agresión: desequilibrio en las necesidades humanas básicas / Aggression inflicted on an adolescent resultant: imbalance in basic human needs

Objetivo Descrever as necessidades humanas básicas afetadas em uma adolescente vitimada por agressão por arma branca. Método: O referencial de análise foi a teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas. Os dados foram coletados em um hospital-escola de Campo Grande, MS, utilizando um instrumento especialmente elaborado, assim como o prontuário.Resultados: As necessidades psicobiológicas afetadas foram oxigenação, hidratação, nutrição e integridade cutâneo-mucosa. As psicossociais foram baixa escolaridade, baixa renda, falta de acesso a informações sobre prevenção e promoção à saúde e dificuldades familiares e sociais. Quanto às necessidades psicoespirituais, constatou-se na pós-vitimização a busca pelo equilíbrio espiritual. Conclusão: Os desequilíbrios na vida humana ocasionados por agressões e violências também constituem objeto do trabalho de enfermagem.

Objective: Describe the basic human needs affected in a female adolescent after assault with a sharp object. Method: The analytical framework was based on the theory of Basic Human Needs. Data were collected at a teaching hospital in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, using a specially designed instrument, and drawn from medical records. Results: The psychophysiological needs affected by the event were oxygenation, hydration, nutrition, and cutaneous-mucosal integrity. The affected psychosocial needs were low education, low income, lack of access to information about prevention and health promotion, and social and family difficulties. The victim’s search for spiritual balance after the act of aggression was attributed to impact on a psychospiritual need. Conclusion: Imbalances in human life caused by aggression and violence are also an object of nursing care.

Objetivo: Describir las necesidades humanas básicas afectadas en una adolescente víctima de agresión con arma blanca. El marco referencial de análisis fue la teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas. Método: Se recabaron datos en un hospital escuela de Campo Grande, MS, Brasil, con un instrumento especialmente elaborado, así como otros de la historia clínica. Resultados: Las necesidades psicobiológicas afectadas fueron la oxigenación, la hidratación, la nutrición y la integridad cutáneo-mucosa. Las psicosociales fueron la baja escolaridad y escasa renta, la falta de acceso a la información sobre prevención y promoción de la salud y dificultades familiares y sociales. Sobre las necesidades psicoespirituales, se constató, luego de la victimización, una búsqueda de equilibrio espiritual. Conclusión: Los desequilibrios en la vida humana ocasionados por agresiones y violencia también forman parte del trabajo de enfermería.

Genotoxicity of copper oxide and silver nanoparticles in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis.

Though there is some information on cytotoxicity of copper nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles on human cell lines, there is no information on their genotoxic and cytotoxic behaviour in bivalve molluscs. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic impact of copper oxide and silver nanoparticles using mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were exposed to 10 µg L⁻¹ of CuO nanoparticles and Cu²âº and Ag nanoparticles and Ag⁺ for 15 days to assess genotoxic effects in hemocytes using the comet assay. The results obtained indicated that copper and silver forms (nanoparticles and ionic) induced DNA damage in hemolymph cells and a time-response effect was evident when compared to unexposed mussels. Ionic forms presented higher genotoxicity than nanoparticles, suggesting different mechanisms of action that may be mediated through oxidative stress. DNA strand breaks proved to be a useful biomarker of exposure to genotoxic effects of CuO and Ag nanoparticles in marine molluscs.

The burden and quality of life of caregivers of sickle cell anemia patients taking hydroxyurea versus those not taking hydroxyurea.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the burden and quality of life of caregivers of patients with sickle cell anemia taking hydroxyurea versus those of patients not taking hydroxyurea. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed of caregivers of outpatients with sickle cell anemia in two public hospitals in Campo Grande, MS, from January through June 2010. The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Scale and the Caregiver Burden Scale were used. RESULTS: Of the 37 caregivers in this study, 81.1% were women, 73.0% were mothers, 59.5% were married, 54.1%were mulattos, 48.6% were housewives, 54.1% had family incomes of up to one minimum wage and 75.7% had onlycompleted elementary education. The mean duration of care provided (time after diagnosis) was 16.08 ± 9.88 yearsand 89.2% reported that they provided 24-hour care. Regarding health, 27.0% of study participants reported having physical and 13.5% emotional problems. There were no significant relationships between these variables either with the different domains or the total score of the WHOQOL-BREF comparing caregivers of patients taking hydroxyurea versusthose of patients not taking hydroxyurea. There was a moderate negative linear correlation between the WHOQOL-BREF and the Caregiver Burden Scale scores (linear correlation test of Pearson: p-value = 0.003, r = -0.477). The burden of caregivers of patients who did not take hydroxyurea was significantly higher than those of patients who took the medication in terms of general tension, disappointment, environment and total score (student t-test: p-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the perception of the caregiver, looking after sickle cell anemia patients represents a moderate negative burden.

Assistência de enfermagem na rede básica de Campo Grande / Nursing care in the primary assistance network of Campo Grande

Este estudo quantitativo de caráter exploratório visou verificar nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família o exercício das atribuições dos enfermeiros definidas pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde Pública de Campo Grande, MS, e identificar fatores envolvidos na implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) nessas unidades. O estudo abrangeu 46 enfermeiros. A inexistência de documentação específica que norteie as atribuições dos enfermeiros revela não haver política municipal de saúde para esse profissional. As dificuldades alegadas pelos enfermeiros para a ausência de SAE em seu ambiente de trabalho incluem falta de recursos humanos, de materiais e de ambiente adequado. Constatou-se que o enfermeiro, embora desenvolva algumas etapas da SAE, necessita priorizar a Consulta de Enfermagem frente a outras atividades, para que possa alocar tempo para essa consulta que é específica de sua profissão.

The burden and quality of life of caregivers of sickle cell anemia patients taking hydroxyurea versus those not taking hydroxyurea

OBJECTIVE: To assess the burden and quality of life of caregivers of patients with sickle cell anemia taking hydroxyurea versus those of patients not taking hydroxyurea. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed of caregivers of outpatients with sickle cell anemia in two public hospitals in Campo Grande, MS, from January through June 2010. The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Scale and the Caregiver Burden Scale were used. RESULTS: Of the 37 caregivers in this study, 81.1% were women, 73.0% were mothers, 59.5% were married, 54.1%were mulattos, 48.6% were housewives, 54.1% had family incomes of up to one minimum wage and 75.7% had onlycompleted elementary education. The mean duration of care provided (time after diagnosis) was 16.08 ± 9.88 yearsand 89.2% reported that they provided 24-hour care. Regarding health, 27.0% of study participants reported having physical and 13.5% emotional problems. There were no significant relationships between these variables either with the different domains or the total score of the WHOQOL-BREF comparing caregivers of patients taking hydroxyurea versusthose of patients not taking hydroxyurea. There was a moderate negative linear correlation between the WHOQOL-BREF and the Caregiver Burden Scale scores (linear correlation test of Pearson: p-value = 0.003, r = -0.477). The burden of caregivers of patients who did not take hydroxyurea was significantly higher than those of patients who took the medication in terms of general tension, disappointment, environment and total score (student t-test: p-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the perception of the caregiver, looking after sickle cell anemia patients represents a moderate negative burden.

Investigação bibliográfica sobre a hemoglobina S de 1976 a 2007: [revisão] / Bibliographic investigation of hemoglobin S from 1976 to 2007: [review] / Investigación bibliográfica sobre la hemoglobina S de 1976 a 2007: [revisión]

Objetivo: Buscar na literatura aspectos epidemiológicos explorados sobre a hemoglobina S. Métodos: Trata-se de um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Medline e Lilacs. Também foi feita uma busca não eletrônica, em publicações de 1976 a 2007. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que, dos 21 artigos selecionados, 7 (33,3 por cento) foram publicados entre 1976 e 2000, 10 (47,7 por cento) entre 2001 e 2004 e 4 (19 por cento) entre 2005 e 2007. Com relação aos descritores, três referências (14 por cento), são da área da enfermagem, descrevem o quadro clínico e a fisiopatologia, sendo que uma delas sistematiza a assistência à clientela com anemia falciforme à luz do referencial de adaptação de Roy; 11 (52 por cento) destacaram estudos epidemiológicos e a distribuição mundial; e sete (34 por cento) contemplaram diagnóstico médico, triagem neonatal e programas voltados à população falcêmica no Brasil. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam a necessidade de investigação nessa área pelos profissionais de saúde, principalmente os da área da enfermagem, em relação aos cuidados de prevenção, promoção e reabilitação dos pacientes falcêmicos.

Purpose: To search the literature for epidemiological aspects of hemoglobin S. Methods: This study was a bibliographic investigation from 1976 to 2007 using Medline and Lilacs databases. A manual search was also conducted. Results: Among the 21 articles selected, 7 of them (33.3 percent) were published between 1976 and 2000, 10 of them (47.7 percent) were published between 2001 and 2004, and 4 of them (19.0 percent) were published between 2005 and 2007. Three of those articles that described the pathophysiology and clinical presentation were published by nurses. One of the publications, using Roy's adaptation model, described the nursing process to clients with falciform anemia. Eleven publications (52.0 percent) were worldwide epidemiological studies. Seven publications (34.0 percent) described the diagnosis, neonatal screening, and programs for the management of falciform anemia in Brazil. Conclusion: There is a need for further research in the topic by health care professionals, especially by nurses regarding preventive measures, and the management and rehabilitation of patients with falciform anemia.

Objetivo: Buscar en la literatura aspectos epidemiológicos explorados sobre la hemoglobina S. Métodos: Se trata de un levantamiento bibliográfico en las bases de datos Medline y Lilacs. También se hizo una búsqueda no electrónica, en publicaciones de 1976 a 2007. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que, de los 21 artículos seleccionados, 7 (33,3 por ciento) fueron publicados entre 1976 y 2000, 10 (47,7 por ciento) entre 2001 y 2004 y 4 (19 por ciento) entre 2005 y 2007. Con relación a los descriptores, tres referencias (14 por ciento) son del área de enfermería, describen el cuadro clínico y la fisiopatología, siendo que una de ellas sistematiza la asistencia a la clientela con anemia falciforme bajo el marco teórico de adaptación de Roy; 11 (52 por ciento) destacaron estudios epidemiológicos y la distribución mundial; y siete (34 por ciento) contemplaron el diagnóstico médico, la clasificación neonatal y los programas dirigidos a la población con anemia falciforme, en Brasil. Conclusión: Los resultados apuntan la necesidad de realizar investigaciones en esa área por profesionales de la salud, principalmente los del área de enfermería, en relación a los cuidados de prevención, promoción y rehabilitación de los pacientes con anemia falciforme.

Cisto dentígero na infância: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Dentigerous cyst in infants: literature review and case report

O cysto dentígero é uma lesão de importante significado clínico na odontopediatria, pois acomete um número considerável de pacientes jovens. Sua ocorrência na primeira década de vida não é tão elevada, mas vários casos têm sido relatados na literatura. Os autores descrevem um caso clínico de um cisto dentígero acometendo uma paciente infantil tratado conservadoramente, através de marsupialização.

Pulpotomias em dentes decíduos com o emprego do formocresol diluído a 1/5 e com a pasta Guedes-Pinto modificada: observaçäo clínica e radiográfica / Pulpotomy in deciduous teeth and application of formocresol diluted at 1/5 with Guedes-Pinto modified paste: clinical and radiographic observation

Foram realizadas pulpotomias em 80 dentes decíduos, dos quais, 40 foram tratados pela técnica que utiliza o formocresol diluído a 1/5 e 40, pela técnica que utiliza a pasta preconizada por Guedes-Pinto, modificada pelo acréscimo de óxido de zinco. Após estudo clínico e radiográfico, por 24 meses, os autores concluíram a superioridade da pasta Guedes-Pinto modificada no tratamento dos dentes decíduos

Efeitos do ácido sulfossalicílico-cresol e do formocresol sobre os tecidos pulpar e periapical em dentes decíduos de cão: estudo histológico / The effects of sulfosalisilic acid-cresol and formocresol on pulpal and periapical tissues of the temporary teeth of dog: histological study

O objetivo deste experimento foi estudar a ação do ácido sulfossalicílico-cresol e do formocresol nos tecidos pulpar e periapical de dentes decíduos de cão. Foram utilizados 40 molares decíduos inferiores de cães cujas idades variavam entre 70 e 90 dias. Vinte molares do hemiarco inferior esquerdo foram submetidos à pulpotomia e tratamento da polpa remanescente com formocresol, de acordo com a técnica preconizada por Berger. Nos 20 molares do lado oposto foi empregada a solução do ácido sulfossalicílico-cresol obedecendo o mesmo critério de técnica. Os animais foram sacrificados aos sete, 15 e 30 dias de pós-operatório, tendo sido as peças preparadas para estudo histológico. A análise dos resultados permite concluir que: - O ácido sulfossalicílico-cresol, na concentração utilizada, provocou alterações pulpares caracterizadas por necrose de coagulação, inflamação e reabsorção dentinária interna. As alterações são semelhantes às provocadas pelo formocresol na fórmula original de Buckley. - O ácido sulfossalicílico-cresol e o formocresol não determinaram alterações nos tecidos periapicais e folículos dentários do permanente sucessor

Prevalência de queilite anular entre (Boqueira) em escolares de Alfenas-MG, na faixa etária de 7 a 12 anos / Prevalence of angular cheilitis in 7-12-year-old school-children of Alfenas-MG

Examinaram 42 escolares de ambos os sexos, de 7 a 12 anos, na Clínica de Odontopediatria da Escola de Farmácia e Odontologia de Alfenas. Os pacientes foram separados em dois grupos: I - aqueles com etiologia de infecção primária; II - aqueles cuja causa primária não era infecciosa. Determinou-se a relação entre sexos, idade e condição social. Formas de tratamento foram realizadas e são aqui descritas