Non-pharmacological strategies to reduce stress and anxiety in endovascular procedures: A scoping review.

AIM: This study aimed to identify and map the production of knowledge on non-pharmacological strategies to reduce stress and anxiety in patients undergoing endovascular procedures. DESIGN: Scoping review. METHODS: The review was performed using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The searches were conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, BVS/BIREME, Lilacs, Gale Academic OneFile, SciELO, Cochrane Library, CAPES Catalog of Dissertations and Theses, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Portal of Theses and Dissertations, and Theses and Dissertations from Latin America. RESULTS: Twenty-two articles were selected. The articles were published from 2001 to 2022, mostly in Iran, and there was a predominance of randomized clinical trials. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was the most used instrument. The findings indicated that music therapy, educational guidelines or videos on the procedure, massage, psychological preparation and aromatherapy were the main non-pharmacological therapies used to reduce anxiety and stress in patients undergoing vascular procedures.

The Efficacy of Hybrid Vaginal Ovules for Co-Delivery of Curcumin and Miconazole against Candida albicans.

Curcumin (CUR) is a natural compound that can be combined with miconazole (MCZ) to improve vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) caused by Candida albicans treatment's efficacy. This study aimed to develop ureasil-polyether (U-PEO) vaginal ovules loaded with CUR and MCZ for the treatment of VVC. Physicochemical characterization was performed by thermogravimetry (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and in vitro release. Antifungal assays were used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and synergism between CUR and MCZ, and the activity of U-PEO ovules were performed by microdilution and agar diffusion. TGA results showed high thermal stability of the hybrid ovules. In DTA, the amorphous character of U-PEO and a possible interaction between CUR and MCZ were observed. FTIR showed no chemical incompatibility between the drugs. In vitro release resulted in 80% of CUR and 95% of MCZ released within 144 h. The MICs of CUR and MCZ were 256 and 2.5 µg/mL, respectively. After combining the drugs, the MIC of MCZ decreased four-fold to 0.625 µg/mL, while that of CUR decreased eight-fold to 32 µg/mL. Synergism was confirmed by the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) equal to 0.375. U-PEO alone showed no antifungal activity. U-PEO/MCZ and U-PEO/CUR/MCZ ovules showed the greatest zones of inhibition (≥18 mm). The results highlight the potential of the ovules to be administered at a lower frequency and at reduced doses compared to available formulations.

Non-pharmacological therapies for pain management in paediatric intensive care units: a protocol for a scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: In critically ill children, pain management is complex owing to cognitive development and the nature of hospitalisation in paediatric intensive therapy units. Although there are many protocols and guidelines for pain control via pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological practices should also be explored and disseminated for their potential benefit. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A systematic literature search will be performed using the following databases: Academic Search Premier, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica Database, Virtual Health Library, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Theses from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Dart Europe, Open Access Theses and Dissertations and grey literature from Google Scholar. The research will consider quantitative and qualitative studies, mixed-method studies, systematic reviews, text articles, opinion articles, letters to editors and editorials in any language and from any database. The following will be eligible for inclusion: (1) newborns, infants, children and adolescents; and (2) non-pharmacological therapies used for pain in paediatric intensive care. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study does not require ethical approval. The results of this research will be disseminated through social media channels and podcasts about pain in children. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: This protocol has been registered with the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/DZHKT).

Use of a menthol popsicle in managing postoperative thirst in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: A randomized clinical trial.

Background and aim: Thirst is a real bother that most patients feel in the immediate postoperative period when they still need to fast. Many approaches regarding symptomatic relief strategies have been described in the literature, but strategies with cold water and/or menthol are effective in quenching thirst, as they act on pre-absorptive mechanisms. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using menthol popsicles in relieving postoperative thirst in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Material and methods: This is a randomized controlled clinical trial with a quantitative approach. In all, 44 patients were evaluated in the immediate postoperative period of radical prostatectomy, with the intensity and discomfort of thirst being evaluated initially and subsequently. The study consisted of two groups: (1) the placebo group, popsicles without the addition of menthol substrates and (2) the experimental group, popsicles with the addition of 0.05% minty substrates. Results: The results demonstrate that the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were homogeneous at the α = 5% significance level, except the occupation variable. The test detected changes in the intensity and discomfort of thirst in relation to the pre- and post-intervention times for the primary outcome when the groups were analyzed separately and for the interaction of the group versus time, there was no statistical difference between the groups. Conclusion: It was possible to prove that both the menthol popsicle and the popsicle without the addition of menthol were effective in relieving postoperative thirst in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, but there was no statistically significant difference when comparing the two groups. Trial registration: The Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-8c3chr7).

Effectiveness of techniques for insertion of nasoenteral probe in critical patients: Randomized clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: despite being a common procedure, nasally placed small-bowel feeding tube insertion is not risk-free and can compromise patient safety. Due to the fact that nasally placed small-bowel feeding tube is commonly inserted '"blindly," with the patient head in the neutral position, sometimes the process becomes difficult and traumatic, and may present higher level of complexity in physiological or induced coma and intubated patients. Therefore, adverse events (AEs) route errors can occur during this procedure. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of different nasally placed small-bowel feeding tube insertion techniques in coma and intubated patients, in comparison with conventional method. METHODS: A prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial will be carried out with coma and intubated patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Thirty-nine patients will be randomly divided into 3 groups: group who will have the tube inserted in a conventional manner with the head in the neutral position, group with the head positioned laterally to the right, and, finally, with the head in the neutral position, with assistance of a laryngoscope. The primary endpoint will be: first, second and total attempt success rate; and time required for the first successful attempt and the sum of all attempts. Complications during insertion included tube bending, twisting, knotting, mucosal bleeding, and insertion into the trachea. Patient vital signs will be measured.

Imaging Markers of Neurologic Damage in COVID-19: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection commonly leads to neurologic manifestations. In the present review, we aimed to investigate potential neuroimaging markers of early diagnosis and prognosis of neurologic manifestations in COVID-19. METHODS: Our study was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the protocol CDR42021265443. Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we selected 51 studies for whole-manuscript analysis. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was the most common imaging method. The pattern, sites of lesion, signs, and symptoms of neurologic injury varied. Such manifestations possibly resulted from a direct viral infection or, most likely, from indirect mechanisms including coagulation disturbances, hypoxemia, and immunological responses. CONCLUSION: The heterogeneity of the studies precludes any generalization of the findings. Brain MRI is the most informative imaging exam. Population studies, including the entire spectrum of COVID-19 are missing. There is still a need for future population studies evaluating neurologic manifestations of all COVID-19 severities acutely and chronically.

Strategies for thirst management in postoperative adult patients: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVES: to map the strategies for managing thirst in postoperative adult patients. METHODS: scoping review was conducted in October 2021 in 19 data sources: 14 databases and 5 platforms to search in the grey literature. It was prepared according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the checklist of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Nine selected articles were part of the final sample. RESULTS: there is evidence of strategies to manage postoperative thirst using interventions such as water, ice, mentholated measures, carbohydrate and protein enriched fluid, oral hydrator, flavored gargling, cold gargling, wet gauze, 0.75% citric acid spray, and cold water. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the strategies observed may be reduced to cold and menthol use, salivary stimulants, and early introduction of fluids. The outcomes were positive in all the studies reviewed.

A 3-year prospective cohort on the incidence of prosthodontic complications associated with three implant treatment options for the edentulous mandible.

OBJECTIVE: This prospective study assessed the number and reasons for post-treatment visits due to prosthodontic complications in patients treated with three types of implant treatment for the edentulous mandible. METHODS: Study groups comprised patients treated with single-implant overdenture (G-I; n = 11), 2-implant overdenture (G-II; n = 13), and 4-implant fixed prosthesis (G-III; n = 13). Programmed recall visits occurred at the 6-, 12- and 36-month follow-ups. The management of prosthodontic complications occurred continuously in unscheduled appointments. Data analysis included calculation of incidence rates, chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Poisson regression with robust error variance to model the occurrence of visits due to prosthodontic complications. RESULTS: There were 89 unscheduled appointments during the entire follow-up period, ranging from 0 to 7 (mean = 2.41; SD = 2.2) per patient. No between-group differences were found regarding the frequency of unscheduled visits. However, the duration of the appointments (scheduled and unscheduled) was significantly higher for G-III (p < .001). The length of follow-up was the only predictor of the number of post-insertion visits (p = .004). The frequency of prosthodontic events was higher for G-I and G-II compared to G-III (p < .001). Nearly half of the events in G-I and G-II were matrix replacements, and artificial teeth fracture was more frequent in G-III. CONCLUSIONS: All patients were at risk of post-delivery prosthodontic complications and required regular recall visits to achieve satisfactory function and to prevent further problems. Overdentures required higher rates of maintenance visits, particularly for replacement of the retentive inserts, while fixed implant prostheses required longer clinical times for management of complications when compared to overdentures.

Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters associated with the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients from two hospitals in Northeast Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Although most coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections are mild, some patients have severe clinical conditions requiring hospitalization. Data on the severity of COVID-19 in Brazil are scarce and are limited to public databases. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a cohort of hospitalized adults from two hospitals in Northeast Brazil. METHODS: Patients over 18 years of age who were hospitalized between August 2020 and July 2021 with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. The patients were classified into two groups: moderate and severe. Clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters were collected and compared between the groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the predictors of COVID-19 severity. RESULTS: This study included 495 patients (253 moderate and 242 severe). A total of 372 patients (75.2%) were between 18 and 65 years of age, and the majority were male (60.6%; n = 300). Patients with severe disease had higher levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, blood glucose, C-reactive protein, ferritin, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and urea (p < 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression, the following variables were significant predictors of COVID-19 severity: leukocytes (odds ratio [OR] 3.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-5.06), international normalized ratio (INR) (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33), and urea (OR 4.03; 95% CI 2.21-7.35). CONCLUSIONS: The present study identified the clinical and laboratory factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized Brazilian individuals.

Non-pharmacological analgesia strategies in adult and elderly endovascular procedures: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the main non-pharmacological analgesia strategies used in clinical practice in adult and elderly endovascular procedures. METHODS: scoping review, undertaken in July 2021, on 12 national and international data sources. The recommendations of the JBI and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist were followed. Thirteen studies were selected to compose the sample, with no time or language cut-off. RESULTS: the main non-pharmacological strategies found were cold compress, use of music, and reflexology. The most prevalent procedures were coronary angiography, peripheral venous catheterization, and femoral catheter removal. Pain measurement by Visual Numeric Scale and Visual Analog Scale described pain reduction in adults and elderly. CONCLUSIONS: the main non-pharmacological strategies found were cold compress, use of music, and reflexology, which reduce pain in adults and the elderly.

Effectiveness of implementing an improvement cycle in the identification of critically ill patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a quality improvement cycle in the process for identifying critically ill patients in an intensive care center. METHODS: The implementation of an observational and interventional improvement cycle, using a before-and-after quasi-experimental design, with a quantitative approach, in an intensive care center. Seven criteria were developed to evaluate the quality of the identification process. The results of the intervention were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: The quality of the identification process showed significant improvement in the values referring to compliance with the conformities in the criteria evaluated. Statistical significance was observed in the evaluations of criteria C1, C2, C3, C4, and C6, with increased compliance values after the intervention. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The efficacy of the improvement cycle in the quality of the patient identification process was evidenced. It was possible to involve and encourage the participation of the care team and improve organizational processes.

In-Hospital Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in Brazil during the First Year of The COVID-19 Pandemic. / Excesso de Mortalidade Hospitalar por Doenças Cardiovasculares no Brasil Durante o Primeiro Ano da Pandemia de COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on mortality from several diseases worldwide, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Brazil is a continent-sized country with significant differences in the health care structure between its federative units. OBJECTIVE: Analyze in-hospital mortality from CVDs in the Brazilian public health system during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020). METHODS: This is an ecological study analyzing the absolute number of in-hospital deaths and the rate of in-hospital mortality in Brazil, its macro-regions, and federative units. Data were obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. To analyze excess mortality, the P-score was used. It compares the events observed with those expected for a given place and period. The P-score was corrected by the joinpoint regression model, with a 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. RESULTS: There were 93,104 in-hospital deaths due to CVD in Brazil in 2020, representing 1,495 fewer deaths (P score: -1.58) than expected. The central-west region had a positive P-score, with a 15.1% increase in the number of deaths. Ten federative units showed a greater number of deaths in 2020. There was also a 13.3% excess in-hospital mortality at the country level, and an excess in-hospital mortality in all macro-regions. CONCLUSIONS: There was a decrease in the absolute number of in-hospital deaths, as well as an increase in in-hospital mortality from CVD in Brazil, in 2020, after the COVID-19 pandemic onset.

FUNDAMENTO: A pandemia da COVID-19 tem causado um impacto sobre a mortalidade por várias doenças em todo o mundo, especialmente por doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs). O Brasil é um país de dimensões continentais com diferenças significativas na estrutura de saúde entre seus estados. OBJETIVO: Analisar a mortalidade hospitalar por DCV no sistema público de saúde durante o primeiro ano da pandemia por COVID-19 (2020) no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo ecológico analisando o número absoluto de mortes hospitalares e a taxa de mortalidade hospitalar no Brasil, suas macrorregiões, e unidades federativas. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH) do Ministério da Saúde. O P-escore foi usado para analisar o excesso de mortalidade. O escore compara os eventos observados com os eventos esperados para um dado local e período. O escore-P foi corrigido por um modelo de regressão joinpoint, com um intervalo de confiança de 95% e nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Houve 93.104 óbitos hospitalares por DCV no Brasil em 2020, o que representa 1495 menos óbitos (escore-P: -1,58) que o esperado. A região centro-oeste apresentou um escore-P positivo, com um aumento de 15,1% no número de mortes. Dez estados apresentaram um maior número de óbitos em 2020. Ainda, observou-se um excesso de 13,3% de mortalidade hospitalar no país como um todo, e um excesso de mortalidade hospitalar em todas as macrorregiões. CONCLUSÕES: Houve uma diminuição no número absoluto de óbitos hospitalares, bem como um aumento na taxa de mortalidade por DCV no Brasil em 2020, após o início da pandemia por COVID-19.

Photodynamic potential of hexadecafluoro zinc phthalocyanine in nanostructured lipid carriers: physicochemical characterization, drug delivery and antimicrobial effect against Candida albicans.

This study aims to develop and characterize NCL loaded with ZnF16Pc (Pc) for application in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. For the development of the NLC, the fusion-emulsification technique followed by sonication was applied. NLC and Pc-NLC were characterized in terms of mean diameter (Dm.n), polydispersity index (PdI), zeta potential (ZP), encapsulation efficiency (%EE), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning (DSC), photobleaching and singlet oxygen generation in cellular systems (SOSG), and in vitro release assays performed by the beaker method, using dialysis membranes. Cell viability was performed by colony forming units (CFU/mL). The mean size of NLC and Pc-NLC was 158 nm ± 1.49 to 161.80 nm and showed PdI < 0.3 and ZP between -17.8 and -19.9, and stable during storage time (90 days). The TEM presented spherical particles, the Pc-NLC promoted the encapsulation of 75.57% ± 0.58. DSC analysis confirmed that there was no incompatibility between Pc and NLC. The analysis of the photodegradation profile proved to be photostable after encapsulation and this corroborates the data obtained by SOSG. In vitro release showed controlled and prolonged release. PDT Pc-NLC exhibited greater antifungal effect against C. albicans (3 log10 reduction) than Pc-NLC without light (1 log10 reduction). NLC can be an alternative to the application of Pc and improve the effect during PDT treatment.

Excesso de Mortalidade Hospitalar por Doenças Cardiovasculares no Brasil Durante o Primeiro Ano da Pandemia de COVID-19 / In-Hospital Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in Brazil during the First Year of The COVID-19 Pandemic

Resumo Fundamento: A pandemia da COVID-19 tem causado um impacto sobre a mortalidade por várias doenças em todo o mundo, especialmente por doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs). O Brasil é um país de dimensões continentais com diferenças significativas na estrutura de saúde entre seus estados. Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade hospitalar por DCV no sistema público de saúde durante o primeiro ano da pandemia por COVID-19 (2020) no Brasil. Métodos: Este é um estudo ecológico analisando o número absoluto de mortes hospitalares e a taxa de mortalidade hospitalar no Brasil, suas macrorregiões, e unidades federativas. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH) do Ministério da Saúde. O P-escore foi usado para analisar o excesso de mortalidade. O escore compara os eventos observados com os eventos esperados para um dado local e período. O escore-P foi corrigido por um modelo de regressão joinpoint, com um intervalo de confiança de 95% e nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Houve 93.104 óbitos hospitalares por DCV no Brasil em 2020, o que representa 1495 menos óbitos (escore-P: -1,58) que o esperado. A região centro-oeste apresentou um escore-P positivo, com um aumento de 15,1% no número de mortes. Dez estados apresentaram um maior número de óbitos em 2020. Ainda, observou-se um excesso de 13,3% de mortalidade hospitalar no país como um todo, e um excesso de mortalidade hospitalar em todas as macrorregiões. Conclusões: Houve uma diminuição no número absoluto de óbitos hospitalares, bem como um aumento na taxa de mortalidade por DCV no Brasil em 2020, após o início da pandemia por COVID-19.

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on mortality from several diseases worldwide, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Brazil is a continent-sized country with significant differences in the health care structure between its federative units. Objective: Analyze in-hospital mortality from CVDs in the Brazilian public health system during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020). Methods: This is an ecological study analyzing the absolute number of in-hospital deaths and the rate of in-hospital mortality in Brazil, its macro-regions, and federative units. Data were obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. To analyze excess mortality, the P-score was used. It compares the events observed with those expected for a given place and period. The P-score was corrected by the joinpoint regression model, with a 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. Results: There were 93,104 in-hospital deaths due to CVD in Brazil in 2020, representing 1,495 fewer deaths (P score: −1.58) than expected. The central-west region had a positive P-score, with a 15.1% increase in the number of deaths. Ten federative units showed a greater number of deaths in 2020. There was also a 13.3% excess in-hospital mortality at the country level, and an excess in-hospital mortality in all macro-regions. Conclusions: There was a decrease in the absolute number of in-hospital deaths, as well as an increase in in-hospital mortality from CVD in Brazil, in 2020, after the COVID-19 pandemic onset.

Potential Application of Cephalosporins Carried in Organic or Inorganic Nanosystems against Gram-Negative Pathogens.

Cephalosporins are ß-lactam antibiotics, classified into five generations and extensively used in clinical practice against infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens, including Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa. Commercially, conventional pharmaceutical forms require high doses to ensure clinical efficacy. Additionally, ß-lactam resistance mechanisms, such as the production of enzymes (called extended-spectrum ß-lactamases) and the low plasma half-life of these antibiotics, have been challenging in clinical therapy based on the use of cephalosporins. In this context, its incorporation into nanoparticles, whether organic or inorganic, is an alternative to temporally and spatially control the drug release and improve its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic limitations. Considering this, the present review unites the cephalosporins encapsulated into organic and inorganic nanoparticles against resistant and nonresistant enterobacteria. We divide cephalosporin generation into subtopics in which we discuss all molecules approved by regulatory agencies. In addition, changes in the side chains at positions R1 and R2 of the central structure of cephalosporins for all semisynthetic derivatives developed were discussed and presented, as the changes in these groups are related to modifications in pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties, respectively. Ultimately, we exhibit the advances and differences in the release profile and in vitro activity of cephalosporins incorporated in different nanoparticles.

Avaliação da comunicação para melhoria da qualidade da assistência à saúde em pediatria: estudo descritivo / Assessment of communication to improve health care quality in pediatrics: a descriptive study / Evaluación de la comunicación para mejorar la calidad de la atención en salud en pediatría: estudio descriptivo

OBJETIVO: avaliar a qualidade da comunicação escrita da equipe multiprofissional em uma Unidade de Dependentes de Ventilação Mecânica de um hospital público pediátrico. MÉTODOS: pesquisa descritiva quantitativa, num Hospital Público Pediátrico, em quatro etapas: identificação e priorização de um problema de qualidade; análise das causas do problema; desenvolvimento de critérios para avaliar o nível de qualidade; avaliação do nível de qualidade. RESULTADOS: 75,0% dos não cumprimentos de critérios são sobre registro da data e hora e a utilização do prontuário eletrônico pelos enfermeiros, médicos e técnicos de enfermagem. Os fisioterapeutas apresentaram 32,3% de descumprimento na identificação dos profissionais, os médicos tiveram 8,3%, os enfermeiros 68,3% e os técnicos de enfermagem 86,7%. CONCLUSÕES: foi observado ausência da data e hora nos registros dos médicos e da enfermagem, baixa adesão dos médicos na evolução noturna no prontuário eletrônico, e limitação no acesso e utilização desse sistema pela equipe de enfermagem.

OBJECTIVE: to assess the quality of the written communication of the multiprofessional team in a Unit for Mechanical Ventilation Dependents at a public pediatric hospital. METHODS: a quantitative and descriptive research study conducted at a Public Pediatric Hospital, in four stages, namely: identification and prioritization of a quality problem; analysis of the causes of the problem; development of criteria to evaluate the quality level; and assessment of the quality level. RESULTS: 75.0% of the cases of criterion non-compliance are related to date and time recording and to use of electronic medical charts by nurses, physicians and nursing technicians. Physiotherapists presented 32.3% non-compliance in identification of the professionals; among the physicians, the percentage was 8.3%; in the nurses, 68.3%; and in the nursing technicians, 86.7%. CONCLUSIONS: absence of date and time in the physicians' and Nursing records was observed, as well as low adherence by the physicians to night evolution in electronic medical charts, and limited access and use of this system by the Nursing team.

OBJETIVO: evaluar la calidad de la comunicación escrita del equipo multidisciplinario en una Unidad de Ventilación Mecánica de un hospital pediátrico público. MÉTODO: investigación descriptiva cuantitativa realizada en un Hospital Pediátrico Público en cuatro etapas: identificación y priorización de un problema de calidad; análisis de las causas del problema; desarrollo de criterios para evaluar el nivel de calidad; evaluación del nivel de calidad. RESULTADOS: el 75,0% de los incumplimientos de los criterios están relacionados con el registro de fecha y hora y el uso de la historia clínica electrónica que hacen los enfermeros, médicos y técnicos en enfermería. Los fisioterapeutas presentaron un 32,3% de incumplimiento en la identificación de los profesionales, los médicos un 8,3%, los enfermeros un 68,3% y los técnicos en enfermería un 86,7%. CONCLUSIÓN: se observó que faltaba la fecha y hora en los registros que realizaron los médicos y enfermeros, baja adherencia de los médicos en la evolución nocturna de la historia clínica electrónica y limitado acceso y uso de este sistema por parte del equipo de enfermería.

Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters associated with the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients from two hospitals in Northeast Brazil

ABSTRACT Background: Although most coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections are mild, some patients have severe clinical conditions requiring hospitalization. Data on the severity of COVID-19 in Brazil are scarce and are limited to public databases. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a cohort of hospitalized adults from two hospitals in Northeast Brazil. Methods: Patients over 18 years of age who were hospitalized between August 2020 and July 2021 with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. The patients were classified into two groups: moderate and severe. Clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters were collected and compared between the groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the predictors of COVID-19 severity. Results: This study included 495 patients (253 moderate and 242 severe). A total of 372 patients (75.2%) were between 18 and 65 years of age, and the majority were male (60.6%; n = 300). Patients with severe disease had higher levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, blood glucose, C-reactive protein, ferritin, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and urea (p < 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression, the following variables were significant predictors of COVID-19 severity: leukocytes (odds ratio [OR] 3.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-5.06), international normalized ratio (INR) (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33), and urea (OR 4.03; 95% CI 2.21-7.35). Conclusions: The present study identified the clinical and laboratory factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized Brazilian individuals.

Strategies for thirst management in postoperative adult patients: a scoping review / Estrategias para el manejo de la sed de pacientes adultos en posoperatorio: revisión de ámbito / Estratégias para o manejo da sede de pacientes adultos em pós operatório: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map the strategies for managing thirst in postoperative adult patients. Methods: scoping review was conducted in October 2021 in 19 data sources: 14 databases and 5 platforms to search in the grey literature. It was prepared according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the checklist of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Nine selected articles were part of the final sample. Results: there is evidence of strategies to manage postoperative thirst using interventions such as water, ice, mentholated measures, carbohydrate and protein enriched fluid, oral hydrator, flavored gargling, cold gargling, wet gauze, 0.75% citric acid spray, and cold water. Final Considerations: the strategies observed may be reduced to cold and menthol use, salivary stimulants, and early introduction of fluids. The outcomes were positive in all the studies reviewed.

RESUMEN Objetivos: mapear estrategias para el manejo de la sed de pacientes adultos en posoperatorio. Métodos: revisión de ámbito realizada en octubre de 2021, en 19 fuentes de datos, siendo 14 bancos de datos y 5 plataformas para investigación de literatura gris. Fue elaborada conforme las recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Briggs y del checklist del Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Fueron seleccionados nueve artículos para componer la muestra final del trabajo. Resultados: hay evidencias de estrategias para manejo de la sed posoperatoria utilizando intervenciones como: agua, hielo, medidas mentoladas, líquido enriquecido con carbohidrato y proteína, hidratante oral, gárgaras de olor, gárgaras frío, gasa húmeda, spray de ácido cítrico a 0,75% y agua fría. Consideraciones Finales: las estrategias vistas pueden ser resumidas en uso del frio y del mentol, estimulantes salivares e introducción precoz de líquidos. Los desfechos fueron positivos en todos los estudios elucidados.

RESUMO Objetivos: mapear as estratégias para o manejo da sede de pacientes adultos em pós-operatório. Métodos: revisão de escopo realizada em outubro de 2021, em 19 fontes de dados, sendo 14 bancos de dados e 5 plataformas para pesquisa de literatura cinzenta. Foi elaborada conforme as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs e do checklist do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Foram selecionados nove artigos para compor a amostra final do trabalho. Resultados: há evidências de estratégias para manejo da sede pós-operatória utilizando intervenções como: água, gelo, medidas mentoladas, líquido enriquecido com carboidrato e proteína, hidratante oral, gargarejo de aroma, gargarejo frio, gaze úmida, spray de ácido cítrico a 0,75% e água fria. Considerações Finais: as estratégias vistas podem ser resumidas em uso do frio e do mentol, estimulantes salivares e introdução precoce de líquidos. Os desfechos foram positivos em todos os estudos elucidados.

Effectiveness of implementing an improvement cycle in the identification of critically ill patients / Efectividad de la implantación de un ciclo de mejoría en la identificación del paciente crítico / Efetividade da implantação de um ciclo de melhoria na identificação do paciente crítico

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a quality improvement cycle in the process for identifying critically ill patients in an intensive care center. Methods: The implementation of an observational and interventional improvement cycle, using a before-and-after quasi-experimental design, with a quantitative approach, in an intensive care center. Seven criteria were developed to evaluate the quality of the identification process. The results of the intervention were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The quality of the identification process showed significant improvement in the values referring to compliance with the conformities in the criteria evaluated. Statistical significance was observed in the evaluations of criteria C1, C2, C3, C4, and C6, with increased compliance values after the intervention. Final considerations: The efficacy of the improvement cycle in the quality of the patient identification process was evidenced. It was possible to involve and encourage the participation of the care team and improve organizational processes.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar efectividad de implantación de un ciclo de mejoría de calidad en el proceso de identificación del paciente crítico en un centro de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: Implementación de ciclo de mejoría, observacional e intervención, utilizando diseño cuasi-experimental, antes y después, con abordaje cuantitativo, en un centro de cuidados intensivos. Elaborados siete criterios para evaluación de calidad del proceso de identificación. Los resultados de la intervención fueron sometidos al análisis estadístico. Resultados: La calidad del proceso de identificación presentó mejoría significativa en los valores referentes al cumplimiento de las conformidades en los criterios evaluados. Observada significación estadística en las evaluaciones de los criterios C1, C2, C3, C4 y C6, con aumento en los valores de cumplimiento posintervención. Consideraciones finales: Evidenciado la eficacia del ciclo de mejoría en la calidad del proceso de identificación del paciente. Fue posible involucrar y estimular la participación del equipo asistencial y mejorar los procesos organizacionales.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade da implantação de um ciclo de melhoria da qualidade no processo de identificação do paciente crítico em um centro de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: Trata-se da implementação de ciclo de melhoria, observacional e de intervenção, utilizando desenho quase experimental, antes e depois, com abordagem quantitativa, em um centro de cuidados intensivos. Foram elaborados sete critérios para avaliação da qualidade do processo de identificação. Os resultados da intervenção foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados: A qualidade do processo de identificação apresentou melhoria significativa nos valores referentes ao cumprimento das conformidades nos critérios avaliados. Foi observada significância estatística nas avaliações dos critérios C1, C2, C3, C4 e C6, com aumento nos valores de cumprimento após a intervenção. Considerações finais: Evidenciou-se a eficácia do ciclo de melhoria na qualidade do processo de identificação do paciente. Foi possível envolver e estimular a participação da equipe assistencial e melhorar os processos organizacionais.

Non-pharmacological analgesia strategies in adult and elderly endovascular procedures: a scoping review / Estrategias no farmacológicas en la analgesia de adultos y ancianos en procedimientos endovasculares: revisión de escopo / Estratégias não farmacológicas na analgesia de adultos e idosos em procedimentos endovasculares: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify the main non-pharmacological analgesia strategies used in clinical practice in adult and elderly endovascular procedures. Methods: scoping review, undertaken in July 2021, on 12 national and international data sources. The recommendations of the JBI and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist were followed. Thirteen studies were selected to compose the sample, with no time or language cut-off. Results: the main non-pharmacological strategies found were cold compress, use of music, and reflexology. The most prevalent procedures were coronary angiography, peripheral venous catheterization, and femoral catheter removal. Pain measurement by Visual Numeric Scale and Visual Analog Scale described pain reduction in adults and elderly. Conclusions: the main non-pharmacological strategies found were cold compress, use of music, and reflexology, which reduce pain in adults and the elderly.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar las principales estrategias no farmacológicas utilizadas en la práctica clínica en la analgesia de adultos y ancianos en procedimientos endovasculares. Métodos: revisión de escopo, realizada en julio de 2021, en 12 fuentes de datos nacionales e internacionales. Siguieron las recomendaciones del JBI y del checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Fueron seleccionados 13 estudios para componer el muestreo, sin recorte temporal o de idioma. Resultados: las principales estrategias no farmacológicas encontradas fueron: compresa con hielo, uso de la música y reflexología. Los procedimientos más predominantes fueron: angiografía coronaria, cateterismo venoso periférico y retirada de catéter femoral. La medición del dolor por la Escala Visual Numérica y Escala Visual Analógica describieron reducción del dolor de adultos y ancianos. Conclusiones: las principales estrategias no farmacológicas encontradas fueron compresa con hielo, uso da música y reflexología, que reducen el dolor de adultos y ancianos.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar as principais estratégias não farmacológicas utilizadas na prática clínica na analgesia de adultos e idosos em procedimentos endovasculares. Métodos: é uma revisão de escopo, realizada em julho de 2021, em 12 fontes de dados nacionais e internacionais. Seguiram-se as recomendações do JBI e do checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Foram selecionados 13 estudos para compor a amostra, sem recorte temporal ou de idioma. Resultados: as principais estratégias não farmacológicas encontradas foram: compressa com gelo, uso da música e reflexologia. Os procedimentos mais prevalentes foram: angiografia coronariana, cateterismo venoso periférico e retirada de cateter femoral. A mensuração da dor pela Escala Visual Numérica e Escala Visual Analógica descreveram redução da dor de adultos e idosos. Conclusões: as principais estratégias não farmacológicas encontradas foram compressa com gelo, uso da música e reflexologia, que reduzem a dor de adultos e idosos.