[Potentialities of CT with densitometry in the assessment of local diffusion of esophageal cancer]. / Vozmozhnosti KT s densitometriei v utochnenii mestnoi rasprostranennosti raka pishchevoda.

Computer-aided tomographic (CT) examination of 94 patients with esophageal cancer was carried out. Densitometric analysis of computer image of esophageal tumors making use of profile density histograms is presented for the first time. Objective graphic criteria for assessment of the depth of tumor invasion have been developed. CT results were correlated to intraoperative findings and data of histological examination of removed tumors. The sensitivity of the method in assessment of esophageal cancer dissemination was 97.7%, specificity 93.4%.

[X-ray diagnosis of malignant non-epithelial tumors of the lung]. / Rentgenodiagnostika zlokachestvennykh neépitelial'nykh opukholei legkogo.

The paper is devoted to analysis of the investigation and treatment of 137 patients with histologically verified lung sarcoma. X-ray was the chief method of primary detection. A classification, singling out 3 types, was developed: peripheral (82.6%), central (16%) and disseminated (1.4%). The first one included nodular (76%) and pneumonia-like (6.6%) types of changes, the second one--endobronchial changes (11%), peribronchial (2.9%) and exobronchial nodular (2.1%) changes. The developed roentgenosemeiotics made it possible to diagnose malignancy in 72% of the patients, indicating its nonepithelial nature in 36%.

[Ultrasonographic and radiographic diagnosis of breast nodules in young women]. / Ultrazvukovaia i rentgenologicheskaia diagnostika uzlovykh obrazovanii molochnykh zhelez u zhenshchin molodogo vozrasta.

Mammography as a priority method of diagnosis of breast nodules in young women is of low efficacy as a result of a dense background of the breast as distinct from echography permitting the detection of abnormal lesion against this background. Altogether 126 patients with clinical manifestations of breast nodules were investigated. Apparatus methods used for investigation of 38 of them, revealed but manifestations of fibrocystic mastopathy. Assessment of the efficacy of x-ray and ultrasound diagnostic methods was performed in 88 patients with breast nodules (the patients varied in age from 14 to 40). Radiodiagnostic accuracy in benign tumors was 54.1%, that in malignant tumors--78.1%. Ultrasound investigation proved to be the most informative method for diagnosis of breast nodules in young women, and the use of a proposed algorithm would permit optimization of the diagnostic process.

[Ultrasound and radiologic diagnosis of breast nodules in young women]. / Ul'trazvukovaia i rentgenologicheskaia diagnostika uzlovykh obrazovanii molochnykh zhelez u zhenschch in molodogo vozrasta.

Mammography as a priority method of diagnosis of breast nodules in young women is of low efficacy as a result of a dense background of the breast as distinct from echography permitting the detection of abnormal lesion against this background. Altogether 126 patients with clinical manifestations of breast nodules were investigated. Apparatus methods used for investigation of 38 of them, revealed but manifestations of fibrocystic mastopathy. Assessment of the efficacy of x-ray and ultrasound diagnostic methods was performed in 88 patients with breast nodules (the patients varied in age from 14 to 40). Radiodiagnostic accuracy in benign tumors was 54.1% that in malignant tumors--78.1%. Ultrasound investigation proved to be the most informative method for diagnosis of breast nodules in young women, and the use of a proposed algorithm would permit optimization of the diagnostic process.

[The role of computerized tomography in the diagnosis of regional metastases of cancer of the esophagus and the proximal part of the stomach]. / Rol' komp'iuternoi tomografii v diagnostike regionarnykh metastazov raka pishchevoda i priksimal'nogo otdela zheludka.

Computed tomography (CT) findings were compared with operative ones for 50 patients with esophageal and proximal gastric cancer. In diagnosis of metastases to the upper abdominal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes ST sensitivity reached 93.3%, specificity 85% and accuracy 90.3%. The best diagnostic results were obtained in detection of metastases to the nodes of the celiac trunk branch and paraaortal fat (94.2%). Lower CT resolution appeared in diagnosis of perigastric node metastatic involvement in the primary tumor location in the proximal stomach.

[Radiodiagnosis of metastases to the upper abdominal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes]. / Metody luchevoi diagnostiki metastaticheskogo porazheniia verkhnikh abdominal'nykh i zabliushinnykh limfaticheskikh uzlov.

The examination of 170 patients with cancer of the esophagus and proximal stomach made it possible to specify x-ray, ultrasonic and CT signs of cancer metastases to the upper abdomen and retroperitoneum. A scheme of radiodiagnosis of these metastases is suggested. The diagnostic value of x-ray, echography and CT was considered in relation to various lymph nodes involvement.

[X-ray diagnosis of the spread of cancer of the esophagus to the trachea and major bronchi]. / Rentgenodiagnostika rasprostraneniia raka pishchevoda na trakheiu i glavnye bronkhi.

X-ray and endoscopic investigations were compared in 80 operated on patients to estimate the role of the x-ray method for a choice of adequate therapeutic tactics for esophageal cancer patients. Operations were explorative or palliative resulting from the involvement of the tracheobronchial tree in a tumor process. The efficacy of the x-ray method in the detection of tracheal compression by an esophageal tumor is higher than that of tracheobronchoscopy which in its turn, has its advantages in the determination of tumor spreading to the left major bronchus.

[A more exact x-ray diagnosis of ulceration in cancer of the esophagus]. / Utochnennaia rentgenodiagnostika iz"iazvlenii pri rake pishchevoda

The prognostic and clinicodiagnostic significance of an x-ray picture of ulceration in esophageal cancer was established on the basis of the correlation of x-ray, morphological, endoscopic, operative findings and the control x-ray results following radio- and chemotherapy. Altogether 70 patients were investigated. X-ray symptoms were classified; their significance in the choice of optimum therapeutic tactics was defined.

[Clinico-roentgenological diagnosis of the perifocal inflammatory process in patients with cancer of the rectum]. / Kliniko-rentgenologicheskaia diagnostika perifokal'nogo vospalitel'nogo protsessa u bol'nykh rakom priamoi kishki.

An examination of 1525 patients has established that the main clinical symptoms of the perifocal inflammatory process are: hyperthermia of different degrees, leukocytosis and higher ESR, pain in the rectum area and in the abdomen, tenderness and pasty tissues in the tumor area. The roentgenological symptoms are: the presence of fistulas, considerable dilatation of presacral space not corresponding to the tumor size, pathological "cellularity" of the paraintestinal tissues.