The presence of Leptospira spp. in the follicular fluid of naturally infected cows affects the overall efficiency of the in vitro embryo production technique.

The relationship between Leptospira infection and reproductive failures, as well as the mechanisms that lead to it, has not yet been fully established. It has been hypothesized that the presence of Leptospira spp. in the follicular fluid (FF) could impair the oocyte developmental competence. Thus, the impact of the presence of Leptospira spp. in the FF on in vitro embryo production (IVEP) outcomes was assessed. Dairy cows (n=244) from different farms were subjected to ovum pick-up for cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) collection. After PCR analysis of the FF, cows were retrospectively allocated into either: positive (POS-FF) or negative (NEG-FF) group. Statistical modeling was conducted using the farm, PCR result, and laboratory in which the IVEP was performed as effects. Noteworthy, 26.6% of the animals were positive for Leptospira spp., and 70% of farms had at least one POS-FF cow in the herd. POS-FF cows had a lower number of COCs recovered (22.6 ± 1.2 vs 15.0 ± 2.8, P=0.036), rate of viable COCs (85.6 ± 0.9% vs 78.1 ± 2.8%, P=0.015), number of good-quality COCs (16.0 ± 0.9 vs 9.8 ± 2.1, P=0.026), cleaved embryos (11.9 ± 0.7 vs 7.5 ± 1.5, P=0.032), and blastocysts (7.3 ± 0.4 vs 2.3 ± 0.7, P=0.044) yielded per cow. In conclusion, the presence of Leptospira spp. in the FF of naturally infected cows impaired the amount of COCs recovered, decreasing the overall IVEP efficiency.

Hormonal protocols for early resynchronization of ovulation in ewes: The use of progestagens, eCG, and inclusion of early pregnancy diagnosis with color Doppler ultrasound.

This study aimed to evaluate 1) the effect of inserting an intravaginal sponge containing medroxyprogesterone during the late luteal phase on the corpus luteum (CL) function and endogenous production of P4; 2) the effectiveness of two different equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) doses on synchronization of ovulations for a resynchronization treatment; and 3) the inclusion of an early pregnancy diagnosis in an early resynchronization protocol for ovulation in ewes. For all studies, the synchronization protocol was based on a short-term protocol of six days of progestogen treatment plus one dose of prostaglandin F2alpha, one dose of eCG, and gonadorelin acetate after sponge withdrawal. For the first study, the ewes were mated with fertile rams; a second sponge was inserted in half of these ewes 12 days later, and blood samples were collected daily for six days, until sponge withdrawal. For the second study, the ewes were not mated, and received a second sponge during the same period, after which they were divided into three groups according to eCG dose (0, 200, or 300 IU). In the third study, all ewes were artificially inseminated and received the second sponge during the same period. At sponge withdrawal, pregnancy was diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) of the CL, and only non-pregnant ewes were re-inseminated two days later. In the first study, serum progesterone values were similar regardless of whether an intravaginal sponge had been inserted. In the second study, the ovulation time was more concentrated in those ewes which received 200 IU of eCG. In the third study, there was no difference between the experimental groups (with or without a previous pregnancy diagnosis) in pregnancy rate at the first insemination, accumulated pregnancy rate, and pregnancy loss. The insertion of an intravaginal sponge impregnated with medroxyprogesterone acetate did not affect the endogenous production of P4. The application of 200 IU of eCG provided the best result with regard to the synchronization of ovulations in the resynchronization treatment. Also, the inclusion of an early pregnancy diagnosis with DUS is useful and improves the general results of resynchronization programs, shortening the total working period.

Cervical transposition test using Hegar dilator at oestrus as a tool to select ewes for transcervical embryo collection.

This study evaluated the cervical transposition method as a tool to select ewes for embryo collection by transcervical route. Adult Santa Inês ewes (n = 50) received Day 0 protocol for superovulation treatments. The cervix transposition test was performed both at oestrus and at the embryo collection time. The latter was preceded by hormonal cervical dilation. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 85.7%, 66.6%, 85.7%, 66.6% and 80.0%, respectively. The kappa index yielded a moderate score (κ = 0.52). In conclusion, the high sensitivity and accuracy indicate that the cervical transposition test is a screening option to select ewes for embryo collection by transcervical route.

Accuracy of assessment of luteal morphology and luteal blood flow for prediction of early pregnancy in goats.

This study aims to determine the best post-breeding time for an early pregnancy diagnosis in dairy goats, when using luteal morphology and vascularization assessment by B-Mode and color Doppler ultrasonography (US) in association or not with the anechoic uterine content. A total of 131 Saanen goats (2.0 ±â€¯0.5 years old) were used in the two studies. In the first study, pregnancy prediction was daily performed from Day 15-23 post-breeding in 51 does. This was based on a subjective assessment of luteal morphology (B-Mode US), luteal blood flow (color Doppler US), and the presence of anechoic uterine content (B-Mode US). In the second study, pregnancy predictions were performed in 71 does on the best post-breeding day, as determined in the first study (Day 21 using luteal blood-flow assessment and Day 23 using luteal morphological assessment and overall analysis). In both studies, pregnancy diagnosis was confirmed on Day 30 (gold standard method by B-Mode transrectal ultrasonography). The B-Mode and color Doppler US performance in reaching an early pregnancy diagnosis was evaluated by calculating sensitivity (Sens), specificity (Spec), negative and positive predictive values (NPV and PPV), accuracy (Acc), the Kappa index (κ), and the Younden index (J). In Study 1, the pregnancy prediction accuracy progressively increased from Day 17-23 using B-Mode US (D17: 50.98%; D18: 52.94%; D19: 62.75%; D20: 74.51%; D21: 86.27%; D22: 90.20%; D23: 96.08%), and from Day 17-21 using color Doppler US (D17: 49.02%; D18: 54.90%; D19: 70.59%; D20: 86.27%; D21: 96.08%). In the second study, color Doppler, B-Mode, and overall assessments at Day 21 and Day 23, respectively, presented a similar pattern of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy as was found in the first study. Therefore, both color Doppler and B-Mode assessments can be judged as effective tools for reaching a pregnancy diagnosis in goats as early as on Day 21 and Day 23, respectively, post-breeding.

Anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count are more effective for selecting ewes with good potential for in vivo embryo production than the presence of FecGE mutation or eCG pre-selection tests.

This study aims to compare four different methods for selecting high responding sheep donors for in vivo embryo production. These methods include a pre-selection eCG test (eCG), antral follicle count (AFC), plasma anti-Müllerian hormone measurement (AMH) and genotyping for the presence of the FecGE mutation (a polymorphism in the GDF9 gene associated with increased ovulation rate). Santa Ines ewe lambs (n = 25) underwent superovulation (SOV) with 800 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and the corpus luteum (CL) count was recorded by laparoscopy after eight days. At the D0eCG, blood samples for AMH and genotyping analysis were collected. Twenty-one days after the end of the eCG test, the same animals underwent SOV with 200 mg of FSH, administered in six decreasing doses, and then naturally mated. Immediately before the beginning of the FSH protocol (D0FSH), and at the moment of the first FSH dose (D9FSH), the AFC was assessed. Plasma AMH was again determined at the D9FSH. After each screening process, animals were classified as having a high (HR), or low (LR), potential of response (using specific thresholds for each method). Then, the ewes' response to SOV and embryo yield for each screening method, classified as HR or LR, were compared. Animals classified as HR by AFC (HRAFC) and by AMH concentration (HRAMH) at the D9FSH, produced more viable embryos than those classified as LRAFC and LRAMH (HRAFC 6.2 ±â€¯3.2 vs LRAFC 2.8 ±â€¯3.0 and HRAMH 6.6 ±â€¯3.6 vs LRAMH 3.0 ±â€¯2.9). Pre-selection tests with eCG and different FecGE genotypes, either heterozygous (+/E) or wild type (+/+), were unable to discriminate HR or LR animals. A tendency (P = 0.06) to have lower plasma AMH was observed in heterozygous FecGE (+/E) ewes. In conclusion, both AFC and plasma AMH can be used to select donor ewes with a higher potential of response for in vivo embryo production.

Effects of hCG administration on accessory corpus luteum formation and progesterone production in estrous-induced nulliparous Santa Inês ewes.

The effect of hCG administration on accessory corpus luteum (ACL) formation, CL area, and plasma progesterone (P4) concentration (ng/mL) seven days after breeding was studied in nulliparous Santa Inês sheep. Intravaginal 60 mg MAP sponges were inserted into ewes for six days and 300 IU eCG i.m. and 30 µg d-cloprostenol latero-vulvar were administered 24 h before sponge removal. Ewes were naturally bred and, seven days after first mating (Day 0; D0), were treated with either 250 IU hCG (hCG group; n = 7) or 1 mL saline solution (control group; n = 7). Blood was collected to determine plasma P4 concentrations and sonograms were performed on Days 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, and 22. Number of CL on D7 was similar (P > 0.05) between hCG (1.3 ± 0.5) and control (1.3 ± 0.5) groups; however, on D13, it was greater (P < 0.05) in the hCG group (2.3 ± 0.5) than in the control group (1.3 ± 0.5). A greater (P < 0.05) luteal tissue area was detected in hCG-treated ewes (n = 4) on Days 16 to 22 than in the animals in the control group (n = 7). Plasma P4 concentration on D13 to D22 was higher (P < 0.05) in hCG-treated animals than in control ewes. Administration of hCG seven days after estrus onset efficiently induced accessory CL formation in ewes, increasing luteal tissue area and plasma P4 concentration.

Early pregnancy diagnosis in ewes by subjective assessment of luteal vascularisation using colour Doppler ultrasonography.

This study was designed to evaluate early pregnancy diagnosis using colour Doppler ultrasonography (US) for luteal vascularisation assessment. In Study 1, 28 ewes were artificially inseminated (Day 0), and luteal vascularisation was assessed from Day 12 to Day 19 by two evaluators using colour Doppler US, categorising the corpus luteum (CL) on a subjective scale ranging from 1 to 4. Females bearing a CL with score 2 or greater were presumably considered pregnant. Pregnancy was confirmed on Day 30 by B-Mode US. In Study 2, a predictive pregnancy diagnosis was performed on Day 17 in 197 ewes based on the criteria described in Study 1. Pregnancy was confirmed by B-mode US on Day 45. Agreement between evaluators was verified by an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa index (κ). Performance of colour Doppler US for early pregnancy diagnosis was evaluated calculating sensitivity (Sens), specificity (Spec), negative predictive values (NPV), positive predictive values (PPV) and accuracy (Ac). In Study 1, luteal vascularisation assessment was unable to predict non-pregnant animals between 12 and 14 days after insemination, as all animals still had vascularised CL, and thus were considered pregnant. The colour Doppler US performance improved progressively until Day 17, when it reached maximum values (Sens = 100%, Spec = 76%, PPV = 73%, NPV = 100% and Ac = 86%). The subjective scale for luteal irrigation assessment showed medium to good agreement among evaluators on Day 12 and Day 13 (ICC = 0.66 and 0.68, respectively), and excellent agreement from Day 14 to Day 19 (ICC = 0.90, 0.80, 0.80, 0.84, 0.95 and 0.93, respectively). Agreement was almost perfect for score 1 CLs (κ = 0.87), and moderate for scores 2, 3 and 4 CLs (κ = 0.54, 0.48 and 0.41, respectively). In Study 2, performance of colour Doppler US as a tool to predict pregnancy status in ewes on Day 17 post-insemination was as follows: Sens = 93.5%, Spec = 80.8%, PPV = 85.6%, NPV = 91.1% and Ac = 87.8%. Subjective luteal vascularisation assessment using colour Doppler US to distinguish between pregnant and non-pregnant animals was considered a reliable tool which was highly efficient beginning 17 days after breeding.

Effect of different hormonal combinations on follicular wave emergence and superovulatory response in sheep.

The aim of the present study was to compare hormonal treatments to induce and synchronize follicular wave emergence to improve the results of superovulatory (SOV) treatments in ewes. In Experiment 1 (n = 66), ewes were treated with a progesterone intravaginal implant plus a PGF2α analogue (group GP4), or with the same treatment plus estradiol benzoate (GP4+EB), a GnRH agonist (GP4+GnRH), or both, estradiol benzoate and a GnRH agonist (GP4+EB+GnRH) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Follicular wave emergence was determined by ultrasound. Follicular wave did not emerge during the studied period in 10 females (one from GP4, six from GP4+EB and three from GP4+EB+GnRH). Follicular emergence was less synchronized (P = 0.007) when estradiol was administered (GP4+EB: 103.6 ± 22.0 h), without any interaction with GnRH treatment (GP4+EB+GnRH: 80.1 ± 21.4 h, GP4+GnRH: 52.5 ± 8.7 h, GP4: 56.6 ± 10.4 h). Estradiol administration delayed the moment of follicular emergence (P = 0.007) and the follicular wave emergence moment in which follicular dominance was achieved (P = 0.009), without interactions between estradiol and GnRH in the moment of follicular wave emergence or dominance. In Experiment 2 (n = 22), two SOV protocols were compared: the best treatment of Experiment 1 (GP4) was used to synchronize follicular wave emergence, initiating the SOV treatment 2.5 days later; in the control treatment, SOV treatment started 80 h after a short-term protocol to synchronize ovulation (Gcontrol). The number of corpora lutea (CL) and the evaluation of the collected embryos were performed six days after estrus. Blood samples were collected daily for plasma progesterone determination. Although the number of CL was similar in Gcontrol (7.1 ± 1.0) and GP4 (6.9 ± 5.1), the number of structures and viable embryos recovered were greater in Gcontrol (P < 0.05). The occurrence of luteal premature regression was significantly greater in GP4 (60%) than in Gcontrol (8.3%). The use of GnRH agonist alone did not improve synchronization of follicular wave emergence. When EB was used (alone or associated) follicular wave emergence was less synchronized. The SOV protocol proposed had a similar ovarian response; however, it resulted in less transferable embryos.

Repetition of estrus is the most frequent reproductive problem after breeding in dairy cattle from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Repetição de estro é o problema reprodutiva mais comum em vacas leiteiras do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

ABSTRACT: Reproductive efficiency is one of the key elements for any milk production system to be successful. In this regard, reproductive management must be planned properly and the identification of the main reproductive disorders that affect the herd is primordial for decision-making. The aim of the present study was to identify the main reproductive problems that affect dairy herds on Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Data regarding breed, age, reproductive disorder occurrence, and breeding system were individually collected from dairy cows raised at 25 farms located at RJ. The occurrence of reproductive disorders was reported in 37% of the studied animals. Estrous repetition (76.2%) and abortion (15.6%) were the most frequent reproductive problems reported. Estrous repetition was more common in older animals (>6 years old). However, an association between abortion and age of animal was not observed, nor an association between breeding system and occurrence of abortion. The present results demonstrated that estrous repetition is the main obstacle to the reproductive efficiency in dairy herds at RJ, and that the replace of older cows by heifers is an important point within reproductive management of a dairy herd.

RESUMO: A eficiência reprodutiva é um dos principais elementos para qualquer sistema de produção de leite ser bem-sucedida. Neste contexto, o manejo reprodutivo deve ser planejado adequadamente e a identificação das principais desordens reprodutivas que afetam o rebanho é essencial para a tomada de decisão. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar os principais problemas reprodutivos que acometem rebanhos leiteiros no Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brasil. Dados relacionados com a raça, idade, ocorrência de problema reprodutivo e o sistema de acasalamento foram individualmente coletados de vacas leiteiras criadas em 25 fazendas localizadas no RJ. A ocorrência de desordens reprodutivas foi relatada em 37% dos animais estudados. A repetição de estro (76,2%) e abortamento (15,6%) foram os problemas reprodutivos mais frequentemente relatados. A repetição de estro foi mais comum em animais mais velhos (>6 anos). Contudo, uma associação entre abortamento e idade do animal não foi observada, nem uma associação entre o sistema de acasalamento e a ocorrência abortamento. Os presentes resultados demonstraram que a repetição de estro é o principal obstáculo para a eficiência reprodutiva nos rebanhos leiteiros do RJ, e que a substituição de animais mais velhos por novilhas é um importante ponto dentro do manejo reprodutivo de um rebanho leiteiro.

Characterization of blood flow and the effects of exogenous estradiol benzoate on residual follicles formed after ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration in cattle.

BACKGROUND: Removal of the follicular content by ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration (TVFA) may fail to induce immediate atresia and loss of function, resulting in the occurrence of residual follicles (RF). The aims of this study were to characterize the blood flow in RF and to determine the effects of the treatment with estradiol benzoate on RF fate. Lactating, cyclic Holstein-Gir crossbred cows were used. In Experiment 1, follicular wave emergence (D0) was synchronized in cows (n = 10) and follicular growth was then monitored by transrectal ultrasonography from D0 to D8, followed by TVFA of the largest follicle present on the ovaries 24 h later. Color Doppler ultrasound imaging was used to examine blood flow on the follicular wall, which was recorded immediately before and every 12 h after TVFA, up to 72 h. In experiment 2, cows (n = 22) were randomly allocated to receive either 2 mL of saline i.m. (Control group, n = 11) or 2 mL estradiol benzoate i.m. (EB group, n = 11) immediately after TVFA. Ovaries were scanned every 12 h to confirm the presence and to measure the diameter of RF. The contents of the RF, if present, were collected 72 h after the first TVFA, using the same aspiration procedures. Follicular fluid from original follicles and RF were stored at -20 °C until hormonal assays. RESULTS: In Experiment 1, there was no reduction (P > 0.05) of blood flow in the remaining follicle walls after TVFA and maximum blood flow values were observed at 49.5 ± 19.7 h post-TVFA. In Experiment 2, formation of RF after TVFA was proportionally similar between Controls (5/9) and EB (5/10) cows. Also, RF diameter did not differ between groups (P > 0.05). Nonetheless, the content of RF from cows in the EB group had lower (P = 0.0004) estradiol (E2) concentration and lower (P = 0.0005) E2:P4 ratio compared with Controls. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, 1) the persistence of vascularization in the remaining follicle wall may contribute to the formation of RF after follicle aspiration, and 2) the treatment with estradiol benzoate does not prevent formation of RF, but does reduce their estradiol production.

Função luteal em caprinos: características morfológicas, endócrinas e atributos de imagem / Función luteal en caprinos: características morfológicas, endocrinas y atributos de imagen / Goat luteal function: morphological, endocrine and ultrasonographic characteristics

Este estudo objetivou estabelecer características morfológicas e endócrinas da dinâmica luteal de fêmeas nulíparas da raça Toggenburg, e avaliar a função luteal utilizando a análise de atributos de imagens ultrassonográficas. A dinâmica luteal foi acompanhada por ultrassonografia transretal. A ecotextura luteal foi determinada em um software próprio. Cada ponto da imagem (pixel) foi quantificado dentro de uma escala de cinza (0=preto e 255=branco). Os CLs foram primeiramente detectados no dia 5,00±0,19 (D0=estro), com área média de 0,63±0,07cm2 e aumentaram progressivamente (P<0,001) até o D9, atingindo uma área máxima de 1,26±0,08cm2. A concentração plasmática de P4 aumentou progressivamente até o D9, não apresentando aumento significativo até o momento da luteólise, e 24hs depois atingiu valores inferiores a 1 ng/mL. Diferentemente, a área luteal diminuiu de forma mais lenta e gradual. Houve uma correlação significativa (P<0,05) entre a área luteal e a concentração de P4 durante o processo de luteogênese e de luteólise (r=0,63 e r=0,50, respectivamente). As alterações morfológicas, histológicas e bioquímicas observadas no CL, durante o ciclo estral, refletiram sobre a ecotextura luteal. Houve uma correlação positiva (P<0,05) entre o valor médio dos pixels e a área luteal durante a luteogênese e luteólise (r=0,34 e r=0,26, respectivamente), assim como com a P4 (r=0,24 e r=0,37, respectivamente). Estas características demonstram que a dinâmica luteal em cabras Toggenburg segue padrões semelhantes às observadas em outras raças e outras espécies e que a quantificação do valor médio dos pixels apresenta um potencial para a avaliação da função luteal na espécie caprina

The purpose of this study was to establish morphological and endocrine characteristics of luteal dymanics in Nuliparous Toggenburg goats, and evaluate luteal function by using computer-assisted ultrasonographic image analysis. Luteal dynamics was conducted by transrectal ultrasonography. Luteal echotexture was determined with the use of customized software, in which each image dot (pixel) received a numeric value ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white). Corpora lutea were first visualized on day 5.00±0.19 with a average area of 0.63±0.07 cm2, and progressively increased in size (P<0.001) until the day 9, when reached a maximum area of 1.26±0.08 cm2. Plasma progesterone also increased until day 9 and no significant increase was observed until luteolysis - it reached values below 1 ng/mL after 24 h. Differently, the luteal area decreased in size slowly and gradually. Significant correlation (P<0.05) between progesterone levels and luteal area was observed during the processes of luteogenesis and luteolysis (r = 0.63 and r = 0.50, respectively). Morphological, edocrinological and biochemical changes noticed in CL during the estrous cycle reflected on the luteal echotexture. Positive correlation (P<0.05) was observed between the mean pixel value and the luteal tissue area during luteogenesis and luteolysis (r = 0.34 e r = 0.26, respectively), and also between mean pixel value and plasma progesterone level (r = 0.24 e r = 0.37, respectively). These characteristics showed that the luteal dynamics in Toggenbur goats present patterns similar to those noticed in other goat breeds and species and that pixel value quantification plays a potential role for the luteal function evaluation in goats

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer características morfológicas y endocrinas de la dinámica luteal de hembras nulíparas de raza Toggenburg, y evaluar la función luteal utilizando el análisis de atributos de imágenes ultrasonográficas. La dinámica luteal fue acompañada por ultrasonografía transrectal. La ecotextura luteal fue determinada en un software propio. Cada punto de la imagen (pixel) fue cuantificado según una escala gris (0=negro y 255=blanco). Los CLs fueron primeramente detectados en el día 5,00±0,19 (D0=estro), con área media de 0,63±0,07cm2 y aumentaron progresivamente (P<0,001) hasta el día D9, alcanzando área máxima de 1,26±0,08cm2. La concentración plasmática de P4 se incrementó progresivamente hasta el día D9, no presentando aumento significativo hasta el momento de la luteólisis, y tras 24hs alcanzó valores inferiores a 1 ng/mL. Diferentemente, el área luteal disminuyó de forma más lenta y gradual. Hubo una correlación significativa (P<0,05) entre el área luteal y la concentración de P4 durante el proceso de "luteogênese" y de luteólisis (r=0,63 y r=0,50, respectivamente). Las alteraciones morfológicas, histológicas y bioquímicas observadas en el CL durante el ciclo estral, reflejaron sobre la ecotextura luteal. Hubo una correlación positiva (P<0,05) entre el valor medio de los pixels y el área luteal durante la "luteogênese" y luteólisis (r=0,34 e r=0,26, respectivamente), así como con la P4 (r=0,24 e r=0,37, respectivamente). Estas características demuestran que la dinámica luteal en cabras Toggenburg sigue patrones semejantes a las observadas en otras razas y otras especies, y que la cuantificación del valor medio de los pixels presenta un potencial para la evaluación de la función luteal en la especie caprina

Estudo da contaminação de praças públicas de três municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, por ovos e larvas de helmintos / Evaluation of the contamination of public squares of three regions of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, by eggs and larvae of helminths

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a contaminação de praças públicas de três municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro por ovos e larvas de helmintos, observando-se também a presença de fezes de animais e de condições ambientais favoráveis para o desenvolvimento das estruturas infectantes. Foram analisadas amostras de 60 praças pelas técnicas de centrífugo-flutuação e sedimentação espontânea. deste total, 16 (26,7por cento) apresentaram-se positivas para a presença de ovos semelhantes aos de ancilostomídeos e 2 (3,3por cento), para Toxocara sp; em ambos os casos, foram analisadas amostras tanto de fezes quanto de solo. Foram encontradas 17 (34,7por cento) amostras fecais positivas e, em apenas 2 (3,3por cento) praças, o solo apresentou ovos desses parasitos. Foram observadas larvas de nematóides em 34 (56,7por cento) praças, incluindo todas as que foram positivas para ovos dos parasitos, exceto uma. Os resultados demonstram a viabilidade da transmissão de zoonoses causadas por helmintos de cães e gatos para a população que frequenta esses locais.