Urethral protrusion of the abdominal catheter of ventriculoperitoneal shunt: Case report of extremely rare complication.

Hydrocephalus in its various forms constitutes one of the major problems in pediatric neurosurgical practice. The placement of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is the most common form of treatment for hydrocephalus, so that all neurosurgeons struggle with shunt malfunctions and their complications. Well-known complications are connected with the use of the valve systems (malfunction, infectious, overdrainage, secondary craniosynostosis, etc.). We report an unusual case of protruding abdominal catheter from the urethra. This girl had received a VP shunt for hydrocephalus following surgery of posterior fossa medulloblastoma 4 years ago. After admission, the entire system was removed, antibiotic treatment was administered for 2 weeks, and a new VP shunt was placed. The postoperative course was uneventful. This complication is extremely rare.

An unusual presentation of Y-type urethral duplication with perianal abscess: case report.

Urethral duplications are rare anomalies that manifest in various anatomic forms. These variations are classified broadly as epispadic, hypospadic, and Y-type duplications. In the Y-type, the accessory ventral channel opens into either the perineum or the anal canal. Typically, the dorsal urethra is hypoplastic, and the external meatus is stenotic, so urine is voided through the dominant ventral channel. In the other unusual form, the dorsal urethra is normal and perineal or rectal opening of accessory ventral urethra is an accidental finding. When treating patients with typical Y-type duplications, the accessory ventral urethra is mobilized and then is carried to the glans with one- or 2-stage urethroplasty. In the unusual form, excision of the anterior urethra is the definitive surgical treatment. This report describes a case of unusual Y-type urethral duplication in which the accessory ventral channel had a stenotic perianal opening. The patient developed recurrent attacks of perianal abscess associated with urinary tract infections. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of Y-type duplication with an hypoplastic accessory ventral channel that was presented with recurrent perianal abscess attacks.