Abdominal trauma.

Traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death in people aged<45 years, and abdominal trauma is a source of significant morbidity and mortality and high economic costs. Imaging has a fundamental role in abdominal trauma, where CT is a fundamental tool for rapid, accurate diagnosis that will be key for patients' clinical outcomes.

Urgent ultrasound-guided interventional procedures.

Interventional radiology procedures have become a fundamental part of radiology, resulting in faster diagnoses and in safer, more effective, and more precise treatments, all of which are important, and even more so when referring to urgent situations, where time is of the essence. In this context, the use of ultrasound to guide interventional procedures enables real-time viewing in multiple planes that can be done at the patient's bedside, which is a great advantage in critical patients. We review the indications and technical aspects of the most common procedures related with radiological care of urgent patients.

Intervencionismo urgente guiado por ecografía / Urgent ultrasound-guided interventional procedures

Los procedimientos intervencionistas se han convertido en una parte fundamental de la radiología, logrando diagnósticos más precoces y tratamiento más precisos, seguros y eficaces. Aspectos muy importantes, más si cabe si nos referimos al proceso urgente, en el que el tiempo es fundamental. En este contexto, el uso de la ecografía como guía de procedimientos intervencionistas nos va a permitir una visualización en tiempo real con capacidad multiplanar y la posibilidad de trasladarnos a pie de cama del paciente, esto último de gran relevancia en pacientes críticos. Revisaremos indicaciones y aspectos técnicos de los procedimientos más comunes relacionados con la atención radiológica al paciente urgente.(AU)

Interventional radiology procedures have become a fundamental part of radiology, resulting in faster diagnoses and in safer, more effective, and more precise treatments, all of which are important, and even more so when referring to urgent situations, where time is of the essence. In this context, the use of ultrasound to guide interventional procedures enables real-time viewing in multiple planes that can be done at the patient's bedside, which is a great advantage in critical patients. We review the indications and technical aspects of the most common procedures related with radiological care of urgent patients.(AU)

Urgent ultrasound-guided interventional procedures. / Intervencionismo urgente guiado por ecografía.

Interventional radiology procedures have become a fundamental part of radiology, resulting in faster diagnoses and in safer, more effective, and more precise treatments, all of which are important, and even more so when referring to urgent situations, where time is of the essence. In this context, the use of ultrasound to guide interventional procedures enables real-time viewing in multiple planes that can be done at the patient's bedside, which is a great advantage in critical patients. We review the indications and technical aspects of the most common procedures related with radiological care of urgent patients.

Aspectos radiológicos de la neumonía COVID-19: evolución y complicaciones torácicas / Radiologic aspects of COVID-19 pneumonia: outcomes and thoracic complications

Los pacientes con COVID-19 presentan una evolución muy variable: desde enfermos con síntomas leves de corta duración a pacientes con enfermedad grave que desarrollan un síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo, con ingresos prolongados en unidades de críticos. Desde el punto de vista radiológico, la etapa inicial se caracteriza por una neumonía viral poco expresiva. No obstante, en algunos pacientes, con el inicio de la respuesta inmunitaria se produce un daño pulmonar agudo con patrones radiológicos de neumonía organizada y daño alveolar difuso. La enfermedad moderada-grave se asocia con una incidencia alta de tromboembolismo pulmonar, generalmente de distribución periférica y asociado al daño endotelial, encamamiento prolongado y coagulopatía de la enfermedad. Otras complicaciones relativamente frecuentes son: el neumotórax y el neumomediastino espontáneos por rotura de paredes alveolares, y el barotrauma en pacientes con ventilación mecánica. La sobreinfección es más frecuente en pacientes graves, generalmente de origen bacteriano y menos frecuente fúngico

Outcomes vary widely in patients with COVID-19. Whereas some patients have only mild symptoms of short duration, others develop severe disease that leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring prolonged stays in intensive care units. Radiologically, the initial stage is characterized by viral pneumonia with mild expression. In some patients, however, the onset of the immune response results in acute lung damage with organizing pneumonia and diffuse alveolar damage. Moderate-severe disease is associated with a high incidence of pulmonary embolisms, generally peripherally distributed and associated with endothelial damage, prolonged stays in bed, and coagulopathy. Other relatively common complications are spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum due to the rupture of alveolar walls and barotrauma in mechanically ventilated patients. Superinfection, generally bacterial and less commonly fungal, is more common in patients with severe disease