RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the impact of educational intervention concerning knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) aimed at changing behaviour in how pesticides and organophosphates are applied in a sample of potato farmers from seven municipalities in the Boyacá department of Colombia in connection with occupational health and labour risks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a nested, before-after, intervention study. A participative strategy-based occupational health and labour risk educational intervention was used with 659 potato farmers. Knowledge, attitudes and practice concerning these matters were evaluated prior to and following the intervention. RESULTS: Statistically significant changes in knowledge were recorded; lesser significance was recorded regarding attitudes and practices. DISCUSSION: Educational interventions in vulnerable, low scholastic level populations require ongoing accompaniment and support for achieving significant changes in health practice.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/prevenção & controle , Educação em Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carbamatos/efeitos adversos , Colômbia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Compostos Organofosforados/efeitos adversos , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , Solanum tuberosum , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objetivo Evaluar el impacto de una intervención educativa realizada sobre los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP), que busca modificar comportamientos en las técnicas de aplicación de pesticidas y organofosforados, en una muestra de cultivadores de papa de 7 municipios de la provincia Centro de Boyacá, en relación con la salud ocupacional y los riesgos laborales. Materiales y métodos Estudio de intervención antesdespués, anidado. Un total de 659 cultivadores de papa recibieron una intervención educativa basada en estrategias participativas sobre salud ocupacional y riesgos laborales. Previo y posterior a la intervención se evaluaron los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre estos tópicos. Resultados Se registraron cambios estadísticamente significativos en los conocimientos, de menor significación en las actitudes y en las prácticas Discusión Las intervenciones educativas en poblaciones vulnerables de bajo nivel de escolaridad requieren de acompañamiento y apoyo sostenido en el tiempo para lograr cambios significativos en las prácticas saludables.
Objective Evaluating the impact of educational intervention concerning knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) aimed at changing behaviour in how pesticides and organophosphates are applied in a sample of potato farmers from seven municipalities in the Boyacá department of Colombia in connection with occupational health and labour risks. Materials and methods This was a nested, before-after, intervention study. A participative strategy-based occupational health and labour risk educational intervention was used with 659 potato farmers. Knowledge, attitudes and practice concerning these matters were evaluated prior to and following the intervention. Results Statistically significant changes in knowledge were recorded; lesser significance was recorded regarding attitudes and practices. Discussion Educational interventions in vulnerable, low scholastic level populations require ongoing accompaniment and support for achieving significant changes in health practice.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/prevenção & controle , Educação em Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Carbamatos/efeitos adversos , Colômbia , Compostos Organofosforados/efeitos adversos , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Solanum tuberosum , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objetivo: describir las principales características del ámbito doméstico, laboral y de condiciones generales y accesibilidad a la salud, así como la morbilidad sentida y las prácticas de autocuidado y atención sanitaria en una muestra representativa de cultivadores de papa de la Provincia Centro en el Departamento de Boyacá. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se tomó una muestra de 1410 cultivadores de papa de siete municipios que fueron invitados a contestar un instrumento previamente diseñado. Se evaluaron las condiciones de vivienda, el ambiente laboral y socioeconómico, la morbilidad sentida y las prácticas de autocuidado y atención en salud. Resultados: edad promedio fue de 44,5 años; 7,8 por ciento no sabe leer; 51,3 por ciento no ha terminado la primaria, solo 7,1 por ciento terminó el bachillerato; el ingreso mensual promedio declarado US$115,34 aproximadamente. Solo 1,8 por ciento recibe prestaciones económicas; 73,4 por ciento reside en vivienda propia; 82 por ciento se expone a plaguicidas y herbicidas; 31,5 por ciento son obesos; 76,9 por ciento consume bebidas alcohólicas (81,9 por ciento hombres y 66,7 por ciento mujeres). La frecuencia media de consumo es 3,75 por semana (SD=2,35), las bebidas preferidas son la cerveza y el guarapo. La cobertura de los programas de promoción y prevención es inferior a 30 por ciento. Conclusiones: se encontraron como principales factores de riesgo el bajo nivel educativo, el alto porcentaje de exposición a plaguicidas y herbicidas, el sobrepeso por dieta desbalanceada, los ingresos reducidos, el alto consumo de alcohol y las condiciones de accesibilidad cultural y geográfica limitada a los servicios de atención y promoción de la salud.
Objective: to describe the environmental, social, health, and labor conditions in a sample of potato farmers in a central country of Boyacá, Colombia. Materials and methods: cross sectional and descriptive study. A sample of 1.410 potato farmers from seven municipalities who were invited to answer a previously designed survey. Housing conditions, labor and socioeconomic environment, perceived illnes and health attention and self care practices were evaluated. Results: the mean age was 44.5 years; 7.8% of illiterateness; 551.3% has not finished primary monthly average income was approximately US$115.34; only 1.8% perceives economic benefits; 73.4% resides in own housing; 82% is exposed to pesticides and herbicides; 31.5% are obese; 76.9% consumes alcoholic drinks; (81.9% male and 66,7% female); the mean frequency of consumption is 3.75 per week (SD=2.35): the favorite drinks are beer and guarapo. The coverage of health promotion and prevention programs are less than 30%. Conclusions: the main risk factors identified were the low educational level, high percentage of exposure to pesticides and herbicides, overweight due to unbalanced diet, reduced incomes, high levels and cultural accessibility to health attention and promotion services.