Quality of health care perceived by users in Catalan prisons.

OBJECTIVES: To describe inmates' perceptions of healthcare quality in Catalonian prisons. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Transversal study of 6,856 inmates in Catalan prisons in September 2017. Randomized simple screening was used to randomly distribute 1,048 polls in which different aspects of perceived quality of healthcare were evaluated. The results were also categorized according to age, sex, time spent in prison, background and academic levels. We also analysed the differences between results in healthcare quality according to socio-demographic variables. RESULTS: 84.87% of patients show satisfaction with the quality of healthcare received. Women are more satisfied with consultations than men (OR: 2.04; p = 0.009). Patients with a higher educational level are less satisfied than those with a lower educational level, with significant differences in 11 of the 14 items. Those over 65 years of age were more satisfied than the rest in 11 of the 14 items evaluated. Foreign patients were more satisfied than Spanish inmates in time flexibility (OR: 0.69; p = 0.018) and in waiting times for visits (OR: 0,63; p = 0.006), whereas they are less satisfied with the healthcare professionals' image (OR: 1.97; p = 0.03). DISCUSSION: Noteble features of our study include the fact that although global satisfaction is high, some dimensions, like reliability, could improve. The results were submitted to the General Directorate to enable more in-depth study of the variables where there is less satisfaction and to design further improvements.

[Prevalence of chronic diseases and risk factors among the Spanish prison population]. / Prevalencia de patologías crónicas y factores de riesgo en población penitenciaria española.

BACKGROUND: chronic diseases are responsible for 60% of deaths and 75% of spending on public health. There are few works on the prevalence of this type of pathology in prison. OBJECTIVE: Describe the prevalence of chronic major diseases in the population and the major risk factors observed. METHODS: Multicenter transversal descriptive study. The sample size was 1,170 people, who were selected through sampling stratified with simple allocation by strata among 9 prisons in the country. There were interviews and physical examinations between May and June 2013. Variables were collected: socio-demographic, diagnostic, anthropometric, clinical-analytical and risk factors. A descriptive and subsequent comparative analysis was carried out using non-parametric tests for quantitative variables using the Mann-Whitney test and a Ji-square test for categorical variables. Subsequently, binary logistic regression models to evaluate the influence of factors of risk in major pathologies. The manuscript was approved by the Ethics Committee for clinical research of the University General Hospital of Castellon. RESULTS: 1 of every 2 inmates has some type of chronic disease out of the 1,077 participated (92.1). Median age of 37.4 years IQR (30.0 to 44.8). 95 males, 40.6 foreigners. Prevalence: dyslipidemias (34.8); arterial hypertension (17.8); Diabetes (5.3); asthma (4.6); COPD (2.2); ischaemic heart disease (1.8) and (1.5) cardio-circulatory pathologies. Main risk factors: smoking, obesity, abdominal fat distribution, consumption of cocaine and age. CONCLUSIONS: It would be interesting to establish early diagnosis, encourage giving up smoking, and physical activity and dietary advice to combat the major modifiable risk factors.

Prevalencia de patologías crónicas y factores de riesgo en población penitenciaria española / Prevalence of Chronic diseass and risk facors among the spanish prison population

Fundamento: Las enfermedades crónicas son responsables del 60% de los fallecimientos y del 75% del gasto público sanitario mundial. Hay pocos trabajos sobre prevalencia de este tipo de patologías en prisión. Objetivos: Describir la prevalencia de las principales enfermedades crónicas en nuestra población y de los principales factores de riesgo observados. Método: Estudio descriptivo trasversal multicéntrico. Se calculó un tamaño muestral de 1.170 personas, se seleccionan por muestreo estratificado con afijación simple entre 9 centros penitenciarios de la geografía nacional. Se realizaron entrevistas y exploraciones físicas entre mayo y junio de 2013. Se recogieron variables: sociodemográficas, diagnósticas, antropométricas, clínico-analíticas y factores de riesgo. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y posteriormente comparativo mediante pruebas no paramétricas ara las variables cuantitativas test de Mann-Whitney y para variables categóricas test de Ji-cuadrado. Posteriormente, modelos de regresión logística binaria para valorar la influencia de los factores de riesgo en las principales patologías. Se obtuvo la aprobación del Comité Ético de Investigación Clínica del Hospital General Universitario de Castellón. Resultados: 1 de cada 2 reclusos presentan algún tipo de patología crónica. Participaron 1.077 (92,1%). Mediana de edad 37,4 años IQR (30,0 a 44,8). 95% varones, 40,6% extranjeros. Prevalencias: dislipemias (34,8%); hipertensión arterial (17,8%); diabetes (5,3%); asma (4,6%); EPOC (2,2%); cardiopatías isquémicas (1,8%) y patologías cardio-circulatorias (1,5%). Principales factores de riesgo: tabaquismo, obesidad, distribución abdominal de grasa, consumo de cocaína y edad. Conclusiones: Sería interesante establecer diagnósticos precoces, así como potenciar el abandono del tabaco, la actividad física y el consejo dietético para combatir los principales factores de riesgo modificables (AU)

Background: chronic diseases are responsible for 60% of deaths and 75% of spending on public health. There are few works on the prevalence of this type of pathology in prison. Objective: Describe the prevalence of chronic major diseases in the population and the major risk factors observed. Methods: Multicenter transversal descriptive study. The sample size was 1,170 people, who were selected through sampling stratified with simple allocation by strata among 9 prisons in the country. There were interviews and physical examinations between May and June 2013. Variables were collected: socio-demographic, diagnostic, anthropometric, clinical-analytical and risk factors. A descriptive and subsequent comparative analysis was carried out using non-parametric tests for quantitative variables using the Mann-Whitney test and a Ji-square test for categorical variables. Subsequently, binary logistic regression models to evaluate the influence of factors of risk in major pathologies. The manuscript was approved by the Ethics Committee for clinical research of the University General Hospital of Castellon. Results: 1 of every 2 inmates has some type of chronic disease out of the 1,077 participated (92.1). Median age of 37.4 years IQR (30.0 to 44.8). 95 males, 40.6 foreigners. Prevalence: dyslipidemias (34.8); arterial hypertension (17.8); Diabetes (5.3); asthma (4.6); COPD (2.2); ischaemic heart disease (1.8) and (1.5) cardio-circulatory pathologies. Main risk factors: smoking,obesity, abdominal fat distribution, consumption of cocaine and age. Conclusions: It would be interesting to establish early diagnosis, encourage giving up smoking, and physical activity and dietary advice to combat the major modifiable risk factors (AU)

[Job satisfaction of nursing staff in Spanish prisons]. / Satisfacción laboral de la enfermería en las prisiones españolas.

BACKGROUND: There are no available studies assessing job satisfaction amongst nursing staff in Spanish prisons. The aim of this study is to establish overall levels of job satisfaction and determine each of the components. METHOD: Cross-sectional and multi-centre descriptive study conducted in Spanish prisons. A Font Roja satisfaction questionnaire adapted by J. Arranz for the study was used to measure degrees of job satisfaction using a Likert's scale. A parametric test was used and a regression model was constructed for predictive ends. RESULTS: 376 nurses answered the questionnaire (Participation Rate 62.7%; Response Rate 76.7%) 67 centres took part (91.8%). The average satisfaction mark was 2.84 (CL 95%: 2.81-2.87). The lowest ranked components were job variety 1.66 (CL 95%: 1.58-1.74), job-related stress 2.15 (CL 95%: 2.08-2.23) and control over job 2.77 (CL 95%: 2.73-2.82). The highest ranked aspect was job satisfaction, averaging 3.52 (CL 95%: 3.44-3.58). CONCLUSIONS: The average satisfaction mark for prison nursing staff was low when compared to other groups of health care professionals, which implies the need for corrective measures.