RESUMO
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the role of oxidative stress in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) by measuring urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-hydroxy-guanosine (8-OHG), and 8-hydroxy-guanine levels. Methods: Thirty-one adult female patients diagnosed with BPPV were included in this study. Patients with central pathologies and other peripheral causes of vertigo were excluded from the study. The patients were evaluated for oxidative stress during and after the BPPV attack with blood samples and spot urine tests. Depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) questionnaire was used to evaluate emotional stress. A control group consisting of 30 age-matched healthy women was formed. Results: Urinary oxidative stress values during the attack were significantly higher than the post-treatment group and the healthy control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the urinary oxidative stress values of the BPPV group after treatment and the healthy control group (p>0.05). DASS scores were significantly higher during the attack and after the treatment compared to the healthy control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The increase in spot urinary 8-OHdG, 8-OHG, and 8-hydroxy-guanine levels can be used as a biomarker for oxidative stress in patients with BPPV. Furthermore, emotional stress can also trigger BPPV attacks by increasing oxidative stress.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Neurosteroids (NSs) are a distinct hormone group and, they are known for their contribution into the status of mood and cognitive functions. Whether they are also involved in the mood disturbances and cognition in acromegaly is not known. Herein we aimed to evaluate the relation of mood status and cognitive functions with the NS levels in cases with acromegaly. DESIGN: A total of 33 cases with acromegaly composed the acromegaly group (AG) and, 30 age and gender-matched cases without acromegaly composed the control group (CG). The levels of Allopregnanolone (AP), pregnenolone (PRG), 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24OHC), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androsterone (ADT), GH and IGF-1 were measured in each group. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depressive symptoms, whereas an extensive neuropsychological assessment with several neurocognitive tests were carried out for each subject by an experienced psychologist. RESULTS: Cases with acromegaly had lower 24OHC and DHEA levels (p = 0.002 and p = 0.007, respectively) in comparison to CG. Of the cognitive functions time to complete 1 s Series was significantly higher and, the scores on Switching Verbal Fluency Test, Boston Naming Test (BNT)-semantic and BNT-phonological, the highest learning point of Oktem Verbal Memory Processes Test (VMPT) were significantly lower in cases with acromegaly in comparison to those in controls (p = 0.004, p = 0.01, p < 0.001, p = 0.02 and p = 0.05, respectively). KAS-perseveration errors were higher in CG (p = 0.03). In AG the levels of AP were negatively correlated with the scores on Months backward Test (MBT), Animal Naming Test, Construction, BNT-spontaneous and positively correlated with BNT-incorrect answers; PRG was positively correlated with VMPT-retention scores, ADT was negatively correlated with MBT and 3 s Series scores, DHEAS was positively correlated with VMPT-the highest learning point whereas it was negatively correlated with MBT scores. Additionally, the scores on BDI were positively correlated with DHEA levels in AG. CONCLUSION: Cognitive changes may be encountered in acromegaly and, neurosteroids may contribute to the changes in certain cognitive functions.
