Effect of plasma-induced oxidative stress on the glycolysis pathway of Escherichia coli.

Antibiotic resistance is one of the world's most urgent public health problems. Due to its antibacterial properties, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) may serve as an alternative method to antibiotics. It is claimed that oxidative stress caused by CAP is the main reason of bacteria inactivation. In this work, we computationally investigated the effect of plasma-induced oxidation on various glycolysis metabolites, by monitoring the production of the biomass. We observed that in addition to the significant reduction in biomass production, the rate of some reactions has increased. These reactions produce anti-oxidant products, showing the bacterial defense mechanism to escape the oxidative damage. Nevertheless, the simulations show that the plasma-induced oxidation effect is much stronger than the defense mechanism, causing killing of the bacteria.

Giant male fibroadenoma: a rare benign lesion.

Fibroadenoma, the most common breast tumor in adolescent women, usually arises in the terminal duct lobular unit, but is exceedingly rare in the male breast. The usual presentation is a painless, firm, mobile, and slow-growing lump in the breast of a woman of childbearing age. Its diagnosis is usually made by clinical examination, but ultrasound, mammography, and fine-needle aspiration often help in its confirmation. We are presenting here a rare but interesting case of a large fibroadenoma, which was present in a male breast.

True vestigeal tail with lumbosacral meningomyelocoel: a rare case report.

A human tail is a rare congenital anomaly with a prominent lesion from the lumbosacro-coccygeal region. It is usually classified either as a true tail or as a pseudo-tail. All the lumbosacro-coccygeal protrusions without the evidence of mesenchymal tissue are classified as pseudo-tail. The association of this rare vestigial entity along with meningomyelocele is rarer still.