RESUMO
RESUMEN Este artículo presenta los resultados de una revisión bibliográfica sistemática en relación con las últimas investigaciones académicas sobre enfermedad de Chagas, población migrante y determinantes sociales. Por medio de un análisis de contenido categorial temático, los resultados dan cuenta de una predominante visión biomédica centrada en el control sanitario y en estrategias de educación hacia colectivos con la enfermedad de Chagas por sobre aquella que considera los determinantes sociales como factores que inciden en la transmisión de Chagas en migrantes. Desde una mirada interseccional, el artículo propone complejizar la forma de comprender el Chagas, aunando una perspectiva multidimensional y una aproximación transdisciplinar, que considere distintos ejes y factores de desigualdad que pueden incidir en las vivencias de las personas con Chagas, pero además que plantee críticamente los discursos y prácticas del ámbito de la salud.
ABSTRACT This article presents the results of a systematic bibliographic review in relation to the latest academic research on Chagas disease, the migrant population, and social determinants. By means of an analysis of thematic categorical content, the results reveal a predominant biomedical vision focused on health control and educational strategies for groups with Chagas disease over that which considers social determinants as factors that affect the Chagas transmission in migrants. From an intersectional perspective, the article proposes to make the way of understanding Chagas more complex, combining a multidimensional perspective and a transdisciplinary approach, which considers different axes and inequality factors that can influence the experiences of people with Chagas, but also critically considers discourses and practices in the field of health.
RESUMO
With the objective of providing an insightful analysis of Chagas disease in the world, the authors share their collective reflections about the current situation of this public health problem in: rural environments of Latin America; urban environments of endemic and non-endemic areas everywhere; and, at a global level. A perspective based on the 'Democracy and Health Promotion' axis allowed the development of an innovative update about Chagas disease as a model of a complex socio-environmental health problem, with a key set of elements that goes beyond biomedical aspects. The authors created a dialogue between the fundamental elements of the Curitiba Statement on Health Promotion and Equity and crucial aspects of a reflection on the reality of Chagas disease today that at the same time challenges the different actors involved. With that reference, the call to promote a 'critical analysis of viabilities and opportunities for action, considering the potentialities and barriers imposed by the complexity of social movements in the present context of recedes and the loss of rights' was emphasized repeatedly. Finally, on the occasion of the recent creation of the Technical Group on Information, Education and Communication to control Chagas disease, WHO Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, the authors share reflections to propose an inclusive and transformative approach of health promotion-what we hope is a new horizon for people affected, directly and indirectly, by Chagas disease.