RESUMO
The purpose of this study was to learn if HIV1 infection was associated with leprosy in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by comparing the prevalence rates of 1.016 leprosy patients tested on a voluntary basis and 78.482 blood donors. A cross-sectional survey of anti-HIV1 antibodies was conducted in Rio de Janeiro, from 1990 to 1992 for this purpose. HIV1 prevalence found among leprosy patients was (3 cases) 2.9 per 1000, and among blood donors was (282 cases) 3.8 per 1000. Such difference was not significant (OR = 0.79; p = 0.69). Since HIV1 cases were only found among male leprosy patients, further analysis excluded females. Male leprosy patients showed a slightly higher prevalence of HIV1 than blood donors before and after age adjustment. However, this result was not statistically significant (adjusted odds ratio = 1.38, 95% CI 0.35-4.5; p = 0.83). These data do not provide evidence that leprosy and HIV1 infection are associated in the State of Rio de Janeiro. This is consistent with similar investigations conducted elsewhere.
PIP: A cross-sectional study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1990-92 failed to document any association between HIV-1 infection and leprosy. Tested for antibodies to HIV were 1016 leprosy patients and 78,482 volunteer blood donors. The HIV prevalence was 2.9/1000 (3 cases) among leprosy patients and 3.8/1000 (282 cases) among blood donors (odds ratio, 0.79)--a nonsignificant difference. When standardized for age, these rates were 2.8/1000 and 2.9/1000, respectively. Since all 3 HIV cases in the leprosy group were men, the analysis was repeated to exclude females. Although male leprosy patients were 28% more likely to be HIV-infected than male blood donors (odds ratio, 0.79), the difference was, again, not significant. A similar lack of association has been reported in studies from other areas where both HIV and leprosy are prevalent. However, a large-scale nested case-control study in a cohort at high risk of HIV is necessary to more definitively reject this association.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Doadores de Sangue , Soroprevalência de HIV , HIV-1 , Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Saúde da População Urbana , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Vigilância da PopulaçãoRESUMO
In this paper the authors study the sites of single lesions in 317 paucibacillary patients registered at the outpatient units of the CMS Jorge Saldanha and the Curupaiti State Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The preferential sites of lesions in the population studied, their relation with age and sex and factors likely to influence their distribution are discussed. The findings are compared with other similar studies performed in Asia and Africa.
Assuntos
Hanseníase Tuberculoide/patologia , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Dermatoses do Pé/microbiologia , Dermatoses do Pé/patologia , Antebraço/patologia , Dermatoses da Mão/microbiologia , Dermatoses da Mão/patologia , Humanos , Dermatoses da Perna/microbiologia , Dermatoses da Perna/patologia , Malaui , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mianmar , Fatores Sexuais , UgandaRESUMO
The efficaciousness evaluation of the polychemotherapics regimens recommended by WHO to the hansenian paucibacillary patients, is carried out mainly by the suitable follow up of patients after therapeutic discharge. The criterion for inclusion of patients as paucibacillary ones is another point of importance. The authors based on the follow up of 66 patients that completed treatment and in the absence of relapses until the moment, advise that together with the clinical classification it should be considered factors like: the Mitsuda test, the number of lesions and the bacilloscopy result.
