Biomechanical properties of non-flight vibrations produced by bees.

Bees use thoracic vibrations produced by their indirect flight muscles for powering wingbeats in flight, but also during mating, pollination, defence, and nest building. Previous work on non-flight vibrations has mostly focused on acoustic (airborne vibrations) and spectral properties (frequency domain). However, mechanical properties such as the vibration's acceleration amplitude are important in some behaviours, e.g., during buzz pollination, where higher amplitude vibrations remove more pollen from flowers. Bee vibrations have been studied in only a handful of species and we know very little about how they vary among species. Here, we conduct the largest survey to date of the biomechanical properties of non-flight bee buzzes. We focus on defence buzzes as they can be induced experimentally and provide a common currency to compare among taxa. We analysed 15,000 buzzes produced by 306 individuals in 65 species and six families from Mexico, Scotland, and Australia. We found a strong association between body size and the acceleration amplitude of bee buzzes. Comparison of genera that buzz-pollinate and those that do not suggests that buzz-pollinating bees produce vibrations with higher acceleration amplitude. We found no relationship between bee size and the fundamental frequency of defence buzzes. Although our results suggest that body size is a major determinant of the amplitude of non-flight vibrations, we also observed considerable variation in vibration properties among bees of equivalent size and even within individuals. Both morphology and behaviour thus affect the biomechanical properties of non-flight buzzes.

Cultural adaptation and validation of the caring behaviors assessment tool into Spanish.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the research was to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Caring Behaviors Assessment (CBA) tool in Spain, ensuring its appropriateness in the Spanish cultural context. METHODS: Three-phase cross-cultural adaptation and validation study. Phase 1 involved the transculturation process, which included translation of the CBA tool from English to Spanish, back-translation, and refinement of the translated tool based on pilot testing and linguistic and cultural adjustments. Phase 2 involved training research assistants to ensure standardized administration of the instrument. Phase 3 involved administering the transculturally-adapted tool to a non-probabilistic sample of 402 adults who had been hospitalized within the previous 6 months. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the consistency of the item-scale, demographic differences, validity of the tool, and the importance of various caring behaviors within the Spanish cultural context. R statistical software version 4.3.3 and psych package version 2.4.1 were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: The overall internal consistency of the CBA tool was high, indicating its reliability for assessing caring behaviors. The subscales within the instrument also demonstrated high internal consistency. Descriptive analysis revealed that Spanish participants prioritized technical and cognitive aspects of care over emotional and existential dimensions. CONCLUSIONS: The new version of the tool proved to be valid, reliable and culturally situated, which will facilitate the provision of objective and reliable data on patients beliefs about what is essential in terms of care behaviors in Spain.

Drivers of flower visit and resource sharing between the honeybee and native bees in Neotropical coastal sand dunes.

The honeybee (Apis mellifera) is one of the most important pollinator species because it can gather resources from a vast variety of plant species, including both natives and introduced, across its geographical distribution. Although A. mellifera interacts with a large diversity of plants and shares resources with other pollinators, there are some plant species with which it interacts more frequently than others. Here, we evaluated the plant traits (i.e., plant length, abundance of bloomed individuals, number of open flowers, and stamen length) that would affect the honeybee visit frequencies to the flowers in a coastal environment in the Gulf of Mexico. Moreover, we evaluated which native bee species (and their body size) overlap floral resource with A. mellifera. We registered 998 plant-bee interactions between 35 plant species and 47 bee species. We observed that plant species with low height and with high abundances of bloomed individuals are positively related to a high frequency of visits by A. mellifera. Moreover, we found that A. mellifera tends to share a higher number of plant species with other bee species with a similar or smaller body size than with bigger species, which makes them a competitor for the resource with honeybees. Our results highlight that the impacts of A. mellifera on plants and native bees could be anticipated based on its individual's characteristics (i.e., plant height and abundance of bloomed individuals) and body size, respectively.

Despenalización de la eutanasia en Bélgica: un perfil de veinte años e implicaciones deontológicas / Legalització de l'eutanàsia a Bèlgica: un perfil de vint anys i implicacions ètiques / Decriminalization of euthanasia in Belgium: Aprofile of twenty years and deontological implications

El artículo pone en contexto las estadísticas de veinte años desde la despenalización de la eutanasia en Bélgica. En esta reconstrucción se analizan los aspectos centrales de la política, tales como su carácter democrático y la protección de la objeción de conciencia. A menudo discutido de forma aislada, este artículo plantea el fin de vida voluntario como parte de un programa paliativo que, a su vez, integra una visión más amplia, como se refleja en el paquete de regulaciones del año 2002. Además de delinear ciertas consecuencias deontológicas, entre otras, el artículo subraya el carácter excepcional de la eutanasia, limitándose a casos debidamente calificados de sufrimiento físico o psíquico, pero que de manera significativa reivindica el respecto de la autonomía de la persona. Con todo, el artículo invita a considerar códigos morales múltiples de cara a uno de los pocos eventos de los que tenemos certeza: la muerte.(AU)

L'article posa en context les estadístiques de vint anys des de la despenalització de l'eutanàsia a Bèlgica. En aquesta reconstrucció s'analitzen els aspectes centrals de la política, com el seu caràcter democràtic i la protecció de l'objecció de consciència. Sovint discutit de forma aïllada, aquest article planteja la fi de vida voluntària com a part d'un programa pal·liatiu que, al seu torn, integra una visió més àmplia, com es reflecteix en el paquet de regulacions de l'any 2002. A més de delinear certes conseqüències deontològiques, entre d'altres, l'article subratlla el caràcter excepcional de l'eutanàsia, limitant-se a casos degudament qualificats de patiment físic o psíquic, però que de manera significativa reivindica el respecte de l'autonomia de la persona. Amb tot, l'article convida a considerar codis morals múltiples de cara a un dels pocs esdeveniments dels quals tenim certesa: la mort.(AU)

The article brings into context the statistics of twenty years since the decriminalization of euthanasia in Belgium. In reconstructing this process, the central aspects of the policy are analysed, such as its democratic nature and the protection of conscientious objection. Often discussed in isolation, this article considers voluntary end of life as part of a palliative program that, in turn, integrates a broader vision, as reflected in the 2002 package of regulations. In addition to outlining some of its consequences, deontological and otherwise, the article underlines the exceptional use of euthanasia, limited to duly qualified cases of physical or mental suffering, but that it also significantly increases respect for the autonomy of the person. All in all, the article invites us to consider multiple moral codes in the face of one of the few events of which we are certain: death.(AU)

Nursing is not like organised crime: A theoretically informed commentary.

AIM: This article aims to contest misrepresentations and distortions of sociological writings on the nursing profession. BACKGROUND: During the latest ICN congress in Montreal, it has been suggested that professions, and the nursing profession for that matter, are thought of by sociologists in a similar way as organised crime, meaning that it is like a 'money sponge' sucking resources out of society, without however giving anything in return. Allegedly, there would be a distinct branch of sociology depicting the professions in this light. DISCUSSION: By sketching out relevant sociological ideas, including the sociology of nursing, I explain that there is no tradition portraying the professions as mafias. I demonstrate that while both the professions and organised crime are socially organised, they are radically different in legitimacy. The caring professions are themselves different in ethos from the classic professions, all the more so from criminal organisations. A distinct stream of research in sociology has been devoted to nursing, without however suggesting such an analogy. CONCLUSION: I lament that attendees to the ICN congress were indeed given an inaccurate representation of sociological thinking. Sociologists addressing nursing as a profession tend to highlight processes of emancipation, autonomy, vindication and social justice, as care work is essential to the broader socioeconomic order. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY: While nursing as a profession is socially organised, the power devices and tactics it deploys in the sociopolitical arena are characterised by their legitimacy. Unlike organised crime, nursing policymaking is situated within a framework of lawfulness, fairness and transparency.

Stingless bee classification and biology (Hymenoptera, Apidae): a review, with an updated key to genera and subgenera.

Stingless bees (Meliponini) are a ubiquitous and diverse element of the pantropical melittofauna, and have significant cultural and economic importance. This review outlines their diversity, and provides identification keys based on external morphology, brief accounts for each of the recognized genera, and an updated checklist of all living and fossil species. In total there are currently 605 described extant species in 45 extant genera, and a further 18 extinct species in nine genera, seven of which are extinct. A new fossil genus, Adactylurina Engel, gen. nov., is also described for a species in Miocene amber from Ethiopia. In addition to the systematic review, the biology of stingless bees is summarized with an emphasis on aspects related to their nesting biology and architecture.

Educación Interprofesional en Salud en el contexto neoliberal: incongruencias y desafíos / Interprofessional Health Education in the neoliberal context: inconsistencies and challenges / Educação interprofissional em Saúde no contexto neoliberal: incongruências e desafios

Resumen Se trata de un artículo crítico y reflexivo que pretende discutir algunas de las incoherencias e incompatibilidades estructurales del modelo propuesto para la formación y atención en salud denominado Educación Interprofesional y Práctica Colaborativa (EIPC), en el contexto de racionalidad neoliberal de los países latinoamericanos. Se destaca cómo este modelo puede contestar dicha racionalidad, siendo relevante para la instauración de subjetividades profesionales críticas y éticas con su contexto. De esta manera se pretende contribuir a la creciente literatura sobre perspectivas críticas de la formación y el trabajo en salud.(AU)

Abstract This article addresses the new approach to training and healthcare work referred to as Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice (IECP). It focuses on some of the inconsistencies and structural incompatibilities of the model with the broader context of neoliberal rationality, with an emphasis on Latin-American countries. We suggest that IECP can contest such rationality and, in fact, develop a critical professional ethic. With that we intend to contribute to the growing literature on critical perspectives about training and working in health.(AU)

Resumo Trata se de um artigo crítico e reflexivo que pretende discutir algumas das incoerências e incompatibilidades estruturais do modelo proposto para a formação e atenção em saúde denominado Educação Interprofissional e Prática Colaborativa (EIPC), no contexto de racionalidade neoliberal dos países latino-americanos. Destaca-se que este modelo pode contestar tal racionalidade, sendo relevante para a instauração de subjetividades profissionais críticas e éticas com seu contexto. Desta maneira, pretende-se contribuir com a crescente literatura sobre perspectivas críticas sobre a formação e o trabalho em saúde.(AU)

Balloon Kyphoplasty vs Vertebroplasty: A Systematic Review of Height Restoration in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

Purpose of Review: This systematic review comprehensively compared balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty with respect to height restoration and pain relief. Recent Findings: PRISMA guidelines were utilized to compare balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty, focusing on the primary outcome of height restoration and the secondary outcomes of pain relief and functionality. A total of 33 randomized controlled trials were included; 20 reviewed balloon kyphoplasty, 7 reviewed vertebroplasty, and 6 compared vertebroplasty to balloon kyphoplasty. Both treatments restored some vertebral body height and showed benefits in pain reduction and improved patient-reported functionality. Summary: Balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are effective treatments for vertebral compression fractures and this review suggests that balloon kyphoplasty may be favored for vertebral height restoration. Further studies are needed to conclude whether balloon kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty is superior for alleviating pain.

THE NEOTROPICAL SPECIES OF SMALL CARPENTER BEES OF THE SUBGENUS CERATINA (ZADONTOMERUS) ASHMEAD, 1899 (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE).

The Neotropical species of the subgenus Ceratina (Zadontomerus) Ashmead are revised. We recognize seven new species, giving a total of 10 species for the region: Ceratina (Zadontomerus) capitosa Smith, C. (Z.) ignara Cresson, C. (Z.) nautlana Cockerell, C. (Z.) kopili new species, C. (Z.) basaltica new species, C. sapphira new species, C. (Z.) indigovirens new species, C. (Z.) rehanae new species, C. (Z.) raquelitae new species, and C. (Z.) tepetlana new species. We propose the following synonymies: C. abdominalis Smith, C. tehuacana Strand, and C. parignara Cockerell under C. (Z.) ignara; and C. bakeri Smith and C. nigriventris Friese under C. (Z.) nautlana. Also, we describe the previously unknown male of C. capitosa, and provide a key to the species, diagnoses, descriptions and illustrations of the new species.

Cuantificación digital de integración de injertos de piel de espesor parcial ocluidos con sistema de presión negativa / Digital quantification of integration in occluded partial-thickness skin grafts with negative pressure system

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVO: El éxito en la integración de los injertos de piel de espesor parcial no depende de un solo factor, siendo uno de los más importantes el método de curación que se le realiza al injerto. Por tal razón, el objetivo de nuestro estudio es demostrar, a través de un programa digital informático, el porcentaje de integración que tienen los injertos de piel de espesor parcial a los que se realizó curación oclusiva con sistema de presión negativa. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que toma como muestra todos los pacientes con defectos de cobertura y lecho receptor con tejido de granulación óptimo para realizar injerto de piel de espesor parcial, del Servicio de Cirugía Plástica de la Clínica Reina Catalina sede Barranquilla y Baranoa, en Colombia, desde el 1 de enero de 2019 hasta 31 de diciembre del mismo año. Empleamos el sistema de presión negativa WoundPro(R) (Ї#x00a9;2020 Pensar Medical, LLC) y posteriormente cuantificamos la integración de los injertos de forma digital a través de un programa de procesamiento de imágenes (ImageJ(R)), complementado con un desarrollo informático del Área de Sistemas de la Clínica para obtener un resultado matemático que permitiera, de manera más objetiva, evaluar la integración del injerto. RESULTADOS: Revisamos 70 pacientes, de los que 42 eran varones, con una edad promedio de 41.8 años. La etiología más común fue la quemadura (34%), el área anatómica de mayor incidencia fue la pierna (27.7%) y el porcentaje promedio de integración fue del 98.4%. Aplicamos el sistema de presión negativa durante 6 días para luego retirarlo y proceder a la toma de imagen fotográfica que usamos como insumo para el cálculo de la integración; tras la primera cura, el paciente es egresado y realizamos seguimiento ambulatorio, con una media de curación del área injertada de 17 días. CONCLUSIONES: En nuestra experiencia, el uso del sistema de presión negativa como método de curación oclusiva en los injertos de piel parcial, presenta tasas de éxito superiores al 98% en la integración de los injertos, lo cual se traduce en un tratamiento coste - efectivo ya que reduce las complicaciones inherentes al procedimiento. Así mismo, el cálculo matemático de la integración del injerto permite evaluar y definir de forma específica la conducta en cada caso

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Success in the integration of partial thickness skin grafts does not depend on a single factor; one of the most important factors is the healing method performed on the skin graft. For this reason, the objective of our study is to demonstrate the percentage of integration through a digital computer program of the partial thickness skin grafts that underwent occlusive healing with the use of the negative pressure system. METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study. All patients with coverage defects, who had a wound with optimal granulation tissue to perform the partial thickness skin graft, were taken as a sample in the Plastic Surgery Service of the Reina Catalina Clinic in Barranquilla and Baranoa in Colombia, from January 1, 2019 to December 31 of the same year. For this, the WoundPro(R) negative pressure system (Ї#x00a9;2020 Pensar Medical, LLC) was used and the integration of the grafts was digitally quantified throug an image processing program (ImageJ(R)) complemented with a computerized developer of the Systems Area of the Clinic to obtain a mathematical result that would allow, more objectively, to evaluate the integration of the graft. RESULTS: Seventy patients were part of the study, the male gender was the most affected with 42 cases, the average age was 41.8 years. The most common etiology was burn (34%), the anatomical area with the highest incidence was the leg (27.7%) and the percentage integration average was 98.4%. The negative pressure system was applied for 6 days, then it was removed and the photographic record was made; that image was used to calculate the integration. After the first cure, the patient was discharged and follow-up was performed on an outpatient basis, with a healing average of the grafted area of 17 days. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, the use of the negative pressure system as an occlusive healing method in partial skin grafts has represented success rates greater than 98% in the integration of the grafts, which translates into a cost-effective treatment since it reduces the complications inherent to this procedure. Likewise, the mathematical calculation of the graft integration makes possible the specific evaluation and definition of the behavior in each case

Making science international: Chilean journals and communities in the world of science.

Drawing on the evolution of socio-geographical imaginaries of scholarly journals published in Chile, this article provides a picture of the socio-historical trajectories of internationalization of scholarly journals and communities in that part of the (semi-)periphery of science. In order to break with the presentism of many contemporary discussions, the analysis covers a relatively long period of time, from the end of the nineteenth century until the first decades of the twenty-first century. However, based on an inductive analysis of the journals, the article particularly focuses on the rise of nationalist and regionalist orientations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and the intensification of the pressures for internationalization in more recent decades. Building on the findings, the article concludes highlighting key elements and making some general observations on the internationalization processes in the semi-periphery of science.

Bringing history back in: a network of nursing history in Chile has started life / Trazendo a história de volta: uma rede de história da enfermagem no Chile começou a vida / Traer la historia de nuevo: una red de historia de enfermería en Chile ha iniciado vida

ABSTRACT Objetive this article narrates the process of institutionalisation of history as a worthy subject for nursing in Chile. Method this is a discussion paper that reflects on the characteristics, resources and potential of the network as well as the future agenda to achieve its consolidation. Results there is an increasing interest in learning history in Chile. Although recent and somewhat disconnected from larger contemporary debates, this initiative can fruitfully contribute to the nursing curriculum in the country. Likewise, the growing interest in social and cultural history becomes apparent, seeking to understand different social realities that inform nursing. Conclusion the Chilean Network of Nursing History has come to put history forward as a transformative approach for the nursing community. Its short-term contribution to identity-building and professional empowerment can further enlighten the understanding of broader societal processes such as the differentiation of women's work in the public sphere. It is important to strengthen its institutionalization in academe and connect research topics with local, national and global histories as well as history collaborations elsewhere, so as to develop agendas, epistemic communities and methods. Nonetheless, this process is marking a turning point in nursing discourses and scholarship in the country.

RESUMO Objetivo este artigo narra o processo de institucionalização da história como disciplina digna da Enfermagem no Chile. Método trata-se de um documento de discussão que reflete sobre as características, recursos e potencialidades da rede, bem como, a agenda futura para alcançar a sua consolidação. Resultados há um interesse crescente em aprender história da Enfermagem no Chile. Embora recente e um tanto desconectada dos debates contemporâneos mais amplos, essa iniciativa pode contribuir de forma proveitosa para o currículo de Enfermagem no país. Da mesma forma, torna-se evidente o crescente interesse pela história social e cultural, buscando compreender as diferentes realidades que envolvem a profissão. Conclusão a Rede Chilena de História da Enfermagem propõe a história como uma abordagem transformadora para a comunidade de Enfermagem. A sua contribuição a curto prazo à construção de identidade e capacitação profissional pode esclarecer ainda mais a compreensão de processos sociais mais amplos, como a diferenciação do trabalho das mulheres na esfera pública. É importante fortalecer a sua institucionalização na academia e conectar tópicos de pesquisa com histórias locais, nacionais e globais, bem como, colaborações de história em outros lugares, de modo a desenvolver agendas, comunidades epistêmicas e métodos. No entanto, esse processo tem representado um ponto de inflexão nos discursos e saberes da Enfermagem no país.

RESUMEN Objetivo este artículo narra el proceso de institucionalización de la historia como materia digna de la enfermería en Chile. Método se trata de un documento de discusión que reflexiona sobre las características, recursos y potencialidades de la red, así como la agenda futura para lograr su consolidación. Resultados existe un creciente interés por aprender historia en Chile. Aunque reciente y algo desconectada de debates contemporáneos más amplios, esta iniciativa puede contribuir de manera fructífera al currículo de enfermería en el país. Asimismo, se manifiesta el creciente interés por la historia social y cultural, buscando comprender las diferentes realidades sociales que informan a la enfermería. Conclusión la Red Chilena de Historia de la Enfermería viene a plantear la historia como un enfoque transformador para la comunidad de enfermería. Su contribución a corto plazo a la construcción de identidad y el empoderamiento profesional puede iluminar aún más la comprensión de procesos sociales más amplios, como la diferenciación del trabajo de la mujer en la esfera pública. Es importante fortalecer su institucionalización en la academia y conectar temas de investigación con historias locales, nacionales y globales, así como colaboraciones históricas en otros lugares, para desarrollar agendas, comunidades epistémicas y métodos. Sin embargo, este proceso está marcando un punto de inflexión en los discursos y la erudición de enfermería en el país.

Neumonía grave de evolución tórpida en paciente joven con prueba molecular negativa para nuevo coronavirus / Severe Pneumonia Of Torpid Evolutión In A Young Patient With A Negative Molecular Test For A New Coronavirus

La enfermedad por coronavirus originada en el año 2019 (COVID-19), se ha diseminado rápidamente en todo el mundo produciendo estragos en el sistema de salud y la sociedad. Se reporta el caso de un varón de 26 años de edad con antecedentes de asma y obesidad, que retornó de EE.UU y acudió a emergencia con síntomas respiratorios, hipoxemia e infiltrado intersticial en la radiografía de tórax, se decide internamiento en sala de aislamiento, la prueba molecular RT-PCR de hisopado nasofaríngeo resultó negativa, por lo que fue traslado a una sala de emergencia común. El manejo inicial fue conservador, sin embargo el paciente evolucionó desfavorablemente requiriendo soporte ventilatorio, pero fallece al quinto día de internamiento. Se recibió un segundo resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2 al día siguiente de fallecido el paciente, siendo una de las primeras víctimas jóvenes en el Perú.

The coronavirus disease originated in the year 2019 (COVID-19), has spread rapidly throughout the world, wreaking havoc on the health system and society. We report the case of a 26-year-old man with a history of asthma and obesity, who returned from the US and went to the emergency room with respiratory symptoms, hypoxemia and interstitial infiltrate on chest radiography, he was admitted to the isolation room The nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR molecular test was negative, so he was transferred to a common emergency room. Initial management was conservative, however the patient evolved unfavorably requiring ventilatory support, but died on the fifth day of hospitalization. A second positive result for SARS-CoV-2 was received the day after the patient died, being one of the first young victims in Peru.

Características clínicoepidemiológicas de pacientes fallecidos por COVID-19 en un hospital nacional de Lima, Perú / Clinical - Epidemiological Characteristics Of Patients Deceased By COVID-19 In A National Hospital In Lima, Peru

Introducción: La pandemia debida a enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ha producido más de 70 mil muertes en el mundo. Objetivo: Describir las características de pacientes fallecidos por COVID-19 en un hospital terciario. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo realizado en el servicio de emergencia del hospital Rebagliati Lima-Perú, que incluye los pacientes fallecidos con resultado positivo a infección por SARS-CoV-2 mediante PCR-TR hasta el 4 de abril de 2020. Se revisó la historia clínica y registros hospitalarios buscando variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes, manifestaciones clínicas, radiológicas, tratamiento y evolución. Resultados: Se identificaron 14 casos, 78,6% de sexo masculino, edad promedio 73,4 años (rango 26 a 97). Adquirieron la infección en el exterior del país el 21,4% de casos. Se encontró factores de riesgo en 92,9% de pacientes (más frecuentes adulto mayor, hipertensión arterial y obesidad). Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron disnea, fiebre y tos, con tiempo de enfermedad 8 días (+/- 3,0); los signos polipnea y estertores respiratorios. Los hallazgos de laboratorio más frecuentes fueron proteína C reactiva elevada (promedio 22 mg/dL) e hipoxemia. La presentación radiológica predominante fue infiltrado pulmonar intersticial bilateral en vidrio esmerilado. Ingresaron a ventilación mecánica 78,6% (11 de 14 casos); recibió azitromicina 71,4%, hidroxicloroquina 64,3% y antibióticos de amplio espectro 57,1% de los casos; con estancia hospitalaria de 4,7 días (+/-2,4). Conclusión: Los fallecidos por COVID-19 presentaron neumonía grave bilateral, más frecuentes en varones, con factores de riesgo (adulto mayor, hipertensión arterial y obesidad), con alta necesidad de asistencia ventilatoria.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 70 thousand deaths worldwide. Objective: To describe the characteristics of COVID-19 patients who died in a tertiary hospital. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in the emergency service of the Hospital Rebagliati in Lima, Peru, which includes deceased patients with a positive result for SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed by PCR-TR until April 4, 2020. The medical history was reviewed. and hospital records looking for sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics, radiological manifestations, treatment and evolution. Results: 14 cases were identified, 78.6% were male, average age 73.4 years (range 26 to 97). 21.4% of cases acquired the infection out of Peru. Risk factors were found in 92.9% of patients (more frequent elderly, hypertension and obesity). The most frequent symptoms were dyspnea, fever and cough, with illness time 8 days (+/- 3); signs of polypnea and respiratory rales. The most frequent laboratory findings were elevated C-reactive protein (average 22 mg / dL) and hypoxemia. The predominant radiological presentation was bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltration in ground glass. 78.6% (11 of 14 cases) entered mechanical ventilation; 71.4% of the cases received azithromycin, 64.3% hydroxychloroquine and 57.1% broad-spectrum antibiotics; with a 4.7 day hospital stay (+/- 2.4). Conclusion: Those who died from COVID-19 presented bilateral severe pneumonia, more frequent in men, with risk factors (elderly, hypertension and obesity), with a high need for ventilatory assistance.