RESUMO
Yeasts were isolated from three vineyards located in the South Region of Brazil. A cross evaluation was carried out at the oldest vineyard of the study in Pinheiro Preto. Samples of grape berries, grapevine leaves and the soil, along with samples of the winery equipment and effluent, were collected. In the Serra do Marari and Campos Novos vineyards only samples of grape clusters were obtained. The 106 yeast isolates were identified by sequencing the D1/D2 domain of LSU rDNA or ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region in 22 species. The values for the richness indices varied between the vineyards. A comparison of the taxonomic diversity of the yeasts from these regions using the reciprocal Simpson index showed a significant difference between the Serra do Marari and Campos Novos vineyards (5.72 ± 0.36 and 2.92 ± 0.36, respectively, p < 0.0001). The functional diversity was assessed in relation to the use of carbon and nitrogen sources by the yeasts isolated from each location. In general, we observed that the Pinheiro Preto and Campos Novos vineyards differed consistently from the Serra do Marari vineyard according to these indices (FAD2, FDc and Rao, p < 0.0001). The possible spreading of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from the winery to the vineyard in Pinheiro Preto was observed.
Assuntos
Microbiologia Ambiental , Fazendas , Microbiologia do Solo , Leveduras/classificação , Leveduras/isolamento & purificação , Biodiversidade , Brasil , Carbono/metabolismo , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Filogenia , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/isolamento & purificação , Solo , Especificidade da Espécie , Leveduras/genética , Leveduras/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
RESUMO A espécie Mikania glomerata Sprengel, popularmente conhecida no Brasil como guaco, é amplamente utilizada como expectorante para tratar doenças respiratórias e tem a sua atividade farmacológica atribuída principalmente a cumarina. Os resultados mostraram que o método apresenta linearidade de 0,05 a 0,8 mg mL-1. Ele foi considerado seletivo, exato e preciso. A proposta de um método rápido para determinação de cumarina em extratos de guaco torna-se interessante para a rotina de controle de qualidade industrial, visando à obtenção de medicamentos fitoterápicos padronizados.
ABSTRACT The species Mikania glomerata Sprengel, popularly known in Brazil as “guaco”, is widely used as an expectorant to treat respiratory diseases. Its pharmacological activity is mainly attributed to coumarin. The results showed that the method for determining coumarin presented linearity from 0.05 to 0.8 mg mL-1. It was considered selective, accurate, and precise according to the specific resolution from ANVISA, the Brazilian regulatory agency. The proposal of a rapid method for the determining coumarin in extracts of guaco is interesting for routine industrial quality control in order to obtain standardized, efficient, and safe phytotherapic medicines.
